2. Chapter 30 Mammals Section 1: Mammalian Characteristics
Section 2: Diversity of Mammals

3. Hair and Mammary Glands
Chapter 30
Mammals
30.1 Mammalian Characteristics
Hair and Mammary Glands
Two characteristics that distinguish members of class Mammalia from other vertebrate animals are hair and mammary glands.

4. Functions of Hair Insulation Camouflage Sensory devices Waterproofing
Chapter 30
Mammals
30.1 Mammalian Characteristics
Functions of Hair
Insulation
Camouflage
Sensory devices
Waterproofing
Signaling
Defense

5. Other Characteristics
Chapter 30
Mammals
30.1 Mammalian Characteristics
Other Characteristics
Endothermy
Source of body heat is internal.
Heat is produced by a high metabolic rate.
Body temperature is regulated by internal feedback mechanisms.

6. Chapter 30
Mammals
30.1 Mammalian Characteristics
Feeding and Digestion
Daily intake of food is used to generate heat to maintain a constant body temperature.

7. 30.1 Mammalian Characteristics
Chapter 30
Mammals
30.1 Mammalian Characteristics
Visualizing the Digestive Systems of Mammals

8. Trophic Categories Insectivores Herbivores Carnivores Omnivores
Chapter 30
Mammals
30.1 Mammalian Characteristics
Trophic Categories
Insectivores
Herbivores
Carnivores
Omnivores

9. Reveal the life habits of a mammal
Chapter 30
Mammals
30.1 Mammalian Characteristics
Teeth
Reveal the life habits of a mammal
Carnivores use canines to stab and premolars to slice and shear meat.
Incisors of insectivores are long and curved, functioning as pincers in seizing insect prey.

10. Kidneys excrete or retain the proper amount of water in body fluids.
Chapter 30
Mammals
30.1 Mammalian Characteristics
Excretion
Kidneys excrete or retain the proper amount of water in body fluids.
Enables mammals to live in extreme environments
Mammals

11. Mammals are the only animals that have a diaphragm.
Chapter 30
Mammals
30.1 Mammalian Characteristics
Respiration
High levels of oxygen are required to maintain a high level of metabolism.
Mammals are the only animals that have a diaphragm.

12. 30.1 Mammalian Characteristics
Chapter 30
Mammals
30.1 Mammalian Characteristics
Circulation
Mammals require a consistent supply of nutrients and oxygen to maintain homeostasis.
Keeping oxygenated and deoxygenated blood separate makes the delivery of nutrients and oxygen more efficient.

13. 30.1 Mammalian Characteristics
Chapter 30
Mammals
30.1 Mammalian Characteristics
The Brain and Senses
Mammals have highly developed brains.
Cerebral cortex is responsible for coordinating conscious activities, memory, and the ability to learn.
Cerebellum is responsible for balance and coordinating movement.

14. Complex Behavior Senses
Chapter 30
Mammals
30.1 Mammalian Characteristics
Complex Behavior
Senses
The importance of the senses varies from one group of mammals to the next.
Glands
A system of glands secretes a variety of fluids that helps to regulate a mammal’s internal environment.

15. In mammals, the egg is fertilized internally.
Chapter 30
Mammals
30.1 Mammalian Characteristics
Reproduction
In mammals, the egg is fertilized internally.
Development of the embryo takes place in the female uterus.
Movement
Mammals must find food, shelter, and escape from predators.

16. Mammal Classification
Chapter 30
Mammals
30.2 Diversity of Mammals
Mammal Classification
Monotremes
Marsupials
Placental mammals

17. Reproduce by laying eggs
Chapter 30
Mammals
30.2 Diversity of Mammals
Monotremes
Reproduce by laying eggs
Duck-billed platypus
Echidna
Echidna

18. Very short period of development in the uterus
Chapter 30
Mammals
30.2 Diversity of Mammals
Marsupials
Very short period of development in the uterus
Crawl into a pouch made of skin and hair and continue development while being nourished by milk from the mother’s mammary glands
Kangaroo

19. Chapter 30
Mammals
30.2 Diversity of Mammals
Placental Mammals
Give birth to young that do not need further development within a pouch
Shrew
Represented by 18 orders
Humpback whale

20. Chapter 30
Mammals
30.2 Diversity of Mammals

21. Chapter 30
Mammals
30.2 Diversity of Mammals
Evolution of Mammals

22. Limbs positioned beneath their bodies
Chapter 30
Mammals
30.2 Diversity of Mammals
Therapsids
A therapsid is an extinct vertebrate with both mammalian and reptilian features.
Pair of holes in the roof of the skull that allowed for the attachment of jaw muscles
Limbs positioned beneath their bodies
Might have been endotherms

23. Chapter Resource Menu Chapter Diagnostic Questions
Mammals
Chapter Resource Menu
Chapter Diagnostic Questions
Formative Test Questions
Chapter Assessment Questions
Standardized Test Practice
biologygmh.com
Glencoe Biology Transparencies
Image Bank
Vocabulary
Animation
Click on a hyperlink to view the corresponding lesson.

24. Name the term that refers to a mammal’s
Chapter 30
Mammals
Chapter Diagnostic Questions
Name the term that refers to a mammal’s
ability to produce heat internally.
endoderm
endothermy
ectoderm
ectothermy

25. What classification of mammals reproduces by laying eggs?
Chapter 30
Mammals
Chapter Diagnostic Questions
What classification of mammals reproduces
by laying eggs?
marsupial
placental mammal
monotreme
therapsid

26. A mammal’s period of gestation refers to what?
Chapter 30
Mammals
Chapter Diagnostic Questions
A mammal’s period of gestation refers to what?
amount of time the young stays with its herd
amount of time the young stays in the uterus
amount of time the young drinks its mother’s
milk
amount of time for the young to mature
enough to reproduce

27. Which characteristics distinguish mammals from other vertebrates?
Chapter 30
Mammals
30.1 Formative Questions
Which characteristics distinguish mammals
from other vertebrates?
kidneys and a cloaca
mammary glands and hair
a high metabolic rate and limbs
a four-chambered heart and endothermy

28. What is the tough, fibrous protein that makes
Chapter 30
Mammals
30.1 Formative Questions
What is the tough, fibrous protein that makes
up hair, nails, claws, and hooves?
urea
keratin
cellulose
collagen

29. What is the source of body heat for mammals?
Chapter 30
Mammals
30.1 Formative Questions
What is the source of body heat for
mammals?
hibernation
insulation
metabolism
respiration

30. Which part of the brain is more highly
Chapter 30
Mammals
30.1 Formative Questions
Which part of the brain is more highly
developed in mammals than in other
animals?
cerebrum
hypothalamus
medulla
optic lobe

31. What is a group of cells that secretes fluid to
Chapter 30
Mammals
30.1 Formative Questions
What is a group of cells that secretes fluid to
be used elsewhere in the body?
a bladder
a duct
a gland
an organ

32. Which mammals have reptilian features, such as laying eggs?
Chapter 30
Mammals
30.2 Formative Questions
Which mammals have reptilian features,
such as laying eggs?
cetaceans
marsupials
monotremes
sirenians

33. Which mammals use their two pairs of razor-
Chapter 30
Mammals
30.2 Formative Questions
Which mammals use their two pairs of razor-
sharp incisor teeth to gnaw through wood,
seed pods, or shells to get food?
artiodactyls
insectivores
lagomorphs
rodents

34. Which animals are cetaceans?
Chapter 30
Mammals
30.2 Formative Questions
Which animals are cetaceans?
deer and goats
moles and shrews
dolphins and whales
manatees and dugongs

35. Why did mammals undergo extraordinary
Chapter 30
Mammals
30.2 Formative Questions
Why did mammals undergo extraordinary
adaptations to the environment after the
disappearance of dinosaurs?
They had new niches available to them.
They were able to survive the ice age.
They were no longer prey to dinosaurs.
They no longer competed with dinosaurs.

36. True or False The graph shows that large animals such as elephants
Chapter 30
Mammals
Chapter Assessment Questions
True or False
The graph shows
that large animals
such as elephants
have a high
metabolic rate.

37. Select the mammal that is a member of the order Chiroptera.
Chapter 30
Mammals
Chapter Assessment Questions
Select the mammal that is a member of the
order Chiroptera.
hedgehog
ape
anteater
bat

38. Compare the digestive tracts of the deer and
Chapter 30
Mammals
Chapter Assessment Questions
Compare the digestive tracts of the deer and
the fox. Infer why the deer’s digestive tract is
so much longer.
Answer: It takes longer and is more difficult
to digest plant material than meat.

39. Which animal eats the least amount of food
Chapter 30
Mammals
Standardized Test Practice
Which animal eats the least amount of food
as a percentage of its body mass?
elephant
shrew

40. Why is a high metabolic rate necessary for the shrew’s survival?
Chapter 30
Mammals
Standardized Test Practice
Why is a high metabolic rate necessary for the
shrew’s survival?

41. Its body loses heat quickly. It has a short digestive tract.
Chapter 30
Mammals
Standardized Test Practice
Its body loses heat quickly.
It has a short digestive tract.
It carries out complex behavior.
It produces milk for its offspring.

42. herbivore’s digestive tract compare to the digestive tract of this
Chapter 30
Mammals
Standardized Test Practice
How does a
herbivore’s digestive
tract compare to the
digestive tract of this
carnivore?

43. An herbivore will have…
Chapter 30
Mammals
Standardized Test Practice
An herbivore will have…
a shorter digestive tract and a smaller cecum.
a shorter digestive tract and a larger cecum.
a longer digestive tract and a larger cecum.
a longer digestive tract and a smaller cecum.

44. How do ruminants benefit from having bacteria in their stomachs?
Chapter 30
Mammals
Standardized Test Practice
How do ruminants benefit from having
bacteria in their stomachs?
They can be omnivorous.
They can digest meat.
They can filter urea.
They can process cellulose.

45. Which teeth are more highly developed in a mountain lion?
Chapter 30
Mammals
Standardized Test Practice
Which teeth are more highly developed in a
mountain lion?
canines
incisors
molars
premolars

46. What is believed to have caused the isolation
Chapter 30
Mammals
Standardized Test Practice
What is believed to have caused the isolation
of marsupials’ ancestors to Australia and
nearby islands?
adaptive radiation
continental drift
habitat destruction
reproductive isolation

47. What competitive adaptive advantage do
Chapter 30
Mammals
Standardized Test Practice
What competitive adaptive advantage do
placental mammals have over marsupials?
a more highly developed digestive system
a pair of holes in the roof of the skull
limbs positioned beneath their bodies
more highly evolved social behavior

48. Glencoe Biology Transparencies
Chapter 30
Mammals
Glencoe Biology Transparencies

49. Chapter 30
Mammals
Image Bank

50. Section 1 Vocabulary mammary gland placenta diaphragm gestation
Chapter 30
Mammals
Vocabulary
Section 1
mammary gland
diaphragm
cerebral cortex
cerebellum
gland
uterus
placenta
gestation

51. Section 2 Vocabulary monotreme marsupial placental mammal therapsid
Chapter 30
Mammals
Vocabulary
Section 2
monotreme
marsupial
placental mammal
therapsid

52. Visualizing the Digestive Systems of Mammals
Chapter 30
Mammals
Animation
Visualizing the Digestive Systems of Mammals