1. Version 0.6, 30 June 2004 APPLICATIONS OF METEOSAT SECOND GENERATION (MSG) RGB IMAGES: PART 04 RGB COMPOSITES WITH CHANNELS 01-11 AND THEIR INTERPRETATION Author:Jochen Kerkmann (EUMETSAT) kerkmann@eumetsat.de Contributors:D. Rosenfeld (HUJ)

2. Version 0.6, 30 June 2004 PART 4: RED-GREEN-BLUE COLOUR COMPOSITES WITH CHANNELS 01 - 11 AND THEIR INTERPRETATION

3. Version 0.6, 30 June 2004 Recommended Schemes for RGB Image Composites RGB CompositeApplicationsTime RGB 03,02,01:Vegetation, Snow, Smoke, Dust, FogDay RGB 02,04r,09:Clouds, Convection, Snow, Fog, FiresDay RGB 02,03,04r:Clouds, Convection, Snow, Dust, Fog, FiresDay RGB 10-09,09-04,09:Clouds, Convection, Fog, Contrails, FiresNight RGB 10-09,09-07,09:Dust, ContrailsDay & Night RGB 05-06,04-09,03-01:Severe ConvectionDay 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

4. Version 0.6, 30 June 2004 R = Channel 03 (NIR1.6) G = Channel 02 (VIS0.8) B = Channel 01 (VIS0.6) 1. RGB 03,02,01 ("Day Natural Colours") Applications: Vegetation, Dust, Smoke, Fog, Snow

5. Version 0.6, 30 June 2004 Recommended Range and Enhancement: BeamChannelRangeGammaGamma2 Red03 (NIR1.6)0 …+100 %1.01.0 Green02 (VIS0.8)0... +100 %1.01.0 Blue01 (VIS0.6)0... +100 %1.01.0 1. RGB 03,02,01 ("Day Natural Colours")

6. Version 0.6, 30 June 2004 Ch.03 NIR1.6 Ch.02 VIS0.8 Ch.01 VIS0.6

7. Version 0.6, 30 June 2004 RGB 03,02,01 Example: Snow NIR1.6 VIS0.8 VIS0.6 In RGB 03,02,01 images, snow appears in cyan colour !

8. Version 0.6, 30 June 2004 MSG-1, 18 February 2003, 13:00 UTC RGB 03,02,01 Example: Snow

9. Version 0.6, 30 June 2004 RGB 03,02,01 Example: Vegetation NIR1.6 VIS0.8 VIS0.6 In RGB 03,02,01 images, vegetation appears in greenish colours !

10. Version 0.6, 30 June 2004 MSG-1, 23 June 2003, 15:00 UTC RGB 03,02,01 Example: Vegetation

11. Version 0.6, 30 June 2004 NIR1.6 VIS0.8 VIS0.6 RGB 03,02,01 Example: Desert In RGB 03,02,01 images, deserts appear in reddish colours !

12. Version 0.6, 30 June 2004 MSG-1, 31 October 2003, 11:30 UTC RGB 03,02,01 Example: Desert

13. Version 0.6, 30 June 2004 RGB 03,02,01 Example: Low-level Water Clouds (St, Sc) NIR1.6 VIS0.8 VIS0.6 In RGB 03,02,01 images, low water clouds with small droplets appear in whitish-pinkish colours !

14. Version 0.6, 30 June 2004 MSG-1, 18 February 2003, 13:00 UTC RGB 03,02,01 Example: Low-level Water Clouds (St, Sc)

15. Version 0.6, 30 June 2004 R = Channel 02 (VIS0.8) G = Channel 04r (IR3.9, solar component) B = Channel 09 (IR10.8) 2. RGB 02,04r,09 ("Day Microphysical") Applications: Cloud Analysis, Convection, Fog, Snow, Fires

16. Version 0.6, 30 June 2004 2. RGB 02,04r,09 ("Day Microphysical") Recommended Range and Enhancement (Summer): BeamChannelRangeGamma Gamma2 Red02 (VIS0.8)0 …+100 %1.0 1.0 Green04r (IR3.9r)0... +60 %2.5 1.0 Blue09 (IR10.8)+203... +323 K1.01.0

17. Version 0.6, 30 June 2004 2. RGB 02,04r,09 ("Day Microphysical") Recommended Range and Enhancement (Winter): BeamChannelRangeGamma Gamma2 Red02 (VIS0.8)0 …+100 %1.0 1.0 Green04r (IR3.9r)0... +25 %1.5 1.0 Blue09 (IR10.8)+203... +323 K1.01.0

18. Version 0.6, 30 June 2004 Ch.02 VIS0.8 Ch.04r IR3.9r Ch.09 IR10.8 MSG-1, 8 September 2003, 12:00 UTC RGB Composite 02,04r,09 "winter" enhancement (see previous slide)

19. Version 0.6, 30 June 2004 RGB 02,04r,09 Example: Severe Convection VIS0.8 IR3.9r IR10.8 In RGB 02,04r,09 images, cold Cb clouds with small ice particles appear in light orange colours !

20. Version 0.6, 30 June 2004 RGB 02,04r,09 Example: Severe Convection MSG-1, 20 May 2003, 13:30 UTC ("winter" enhancement)

21. Version 0.6, 30 June 2004 RGB 02,04r,09 Example: Ship Trails VIS0.8 IR3.9r IR10.8 In RGB 02,04r,09 images, ship trails (small droplets) appear in whitish - light greenish colours !

22. Version 0.6, 30 June 2004 RGB 02,04r,09 Example: Ship Trails MSG-1, 7 September 2003, 11:45 UTC ("winter" enhancement)

23. Version 0.6, 30 June 2004 Red: Cloud depth and amount of cloud water and ice, provided by the visible reflectance at 0.8  m. Green:Cloud particle size and phase, approximated by the 3.9  m solar reflectance component. Blue:Temperature, provided by the 10.8  m channel. RGB 02,04r,09: Physical Interpretation for Clouds

24. Version 0.6, 30 June 2004 RGB 02,04r,09: Interpretation of Colours

25. Version 0.6, 30 June 2004 Low red: Dark and thin clouds RGB 02,04r,09: Interpretation of Colours

26. Version 0.6, 30 June 2004 RGB 02,04r,09: Interpretation of Colours

27. Version 0.6, 30 June 2004 R = Channel 02 (VIS0.8) G = Channel 03 (NIR1.6) B = Channel 04r (IR3.9r, solar component) 3. RGB 02,03,04r ("Day Solar") Applications: Cloud Analysis, Convection, Fog, Snow, Fires

28. Version 0.6, 30 June 2004 3. RGB 02,03,04r ("Day Solar") Recommended Range and Enhancement (Summer): BeamChannelRangeGamma Gamma2 Red02 (VIS0.8)0 …+100 %1.7 1.0 Green03 (NIR1.6)0 … +70 %1.7 1.0 Blue04r (IR3.9r)0 … +60 %2.51.0

29. Version 0.6, 30 June 2004 3. RGB 02,03,04r ("Day Solar") Recommended Range and Enhancement (Winter): BeamChannelRangeGamma Gamma2 Red02 (VIS0.8)0 …+100 %1.7 1.0 Green03 (NIR1.6)0... +70 %1.7 1.0 Blue04r (IR3.9r)0 … +30 %1.71.0

30. Version 0.6, 30 June 2004 Ch.02 VIS0.8 Ch.03 NIR1.6 Ch.04r IR3.9r MSG-1, 24 February 2003, 11:00 UTC RGB Composite 02,03,04r "winter" enhancement (see previous slide)

31. Version 0.6, 30 June 2004 RGB 02,03,04r Example: Snow VIS0.8 NIR1.6 IR3.9r In RGB 02,03,04r images, snow appears in bright reddish colours !

32. Version 0.6, 30 June 2004 RGB 02,03,04r Example: Snow MSG-1, 26 January 2004, 10:00 UTC ("winter" enhancement)

33. Version 0.6, 30 June 2004 R = Difference IR12.0 - IR10.8 G = Difference IR10.8 - IR3.9* B = Channel IR10.8 4. RGB 10-09,09-04,09 ("Night Microphysical") Applications: Cloud Analysis, Fog, Contrails, Fires *Note: CO2-corrected brightness temperature of channel 04 (IR3.9)

34. Version 0.6, 30 June 2004 4. RGB 10-09,09-04,09 ("Night Microphysical") Recommended Range and Enhancement (Low Clouds, Fog): BeamChannelRangeGammaGamma2 RedIR12.0 - IR10.8-4 … +21.01.0 GreenIR10.8 - IR3.9*0 … +62.01.0 BlueIR10.8+243 … +2931.01.0 *Note: CO2-corrected brightness temperature of channel 04 (IR3.9)

35. Version 0.6, 30 June 2004 4. RGB 10-09,09-04,09 ("Night Microphysical") Recommended Range and Enhancement (High Clouds, Fires): BeamChannelRangeGammaGamma2 RedIR12.0 - IR10.8-4 … 01.03.0 GreenIR10.8 - IR3.9*-15 … +62.51.0 BlueIR10.8+223 … +2931.01.0 *Note: CO2-corrected brightness temperature of channel 04 (IR3.9)

36. Version 0.6, 30 June 2004 Ch.10 -Ch.09 Ch.09 -Ch.04 Ch.09 MSG-1, 9 November 2003, 02:45 UTC RGB Composite 10-09,09-04,09 "low clouds" enhancement (see previous slide)

37. Version 0.6, 30 June 2004 RGB 10-09,09-04,09 Example: Fog 10 - 09 09 - 04 09 In RGB 10-09,09-04,09 images, night-time fog appears in light greenish colours !

38. Version 0.6, 30 June 2004 RGB 10-09,09-04,09 Example: Fog MSG-1, 26 January 2004, 01:00 UTC ("low clouds" enhancement)

39. Version 0.6, 30 June 2004 RGB 10-09,09-04,09 Example: Cb 10 - 09 09 - 04 09 In RGB 10-09,09-04,09 images, thick Cb clouds at night appear in sprenkled orange-red colour (noise in channel 04)!

40. Version 0.6, 30 June 2004 RGB 10-09,09-04,09 Example: Cb MSG-1, 23 April 2003, 19:00 UTC ("high clouds" enhancement)

41. Version 0.6, 30 June 2004 RGB 10-09,09-04,09 Example: Cirrus 10 - 09 09 - 04 09 In RGB 10-09,09-04,09 images, thin Cirrus appears in dark bluish colours !

42. Version 0.6, 30 June 2004 RGB 10-09,09-04,09 Example: Cirrus MSG-1, 3 August 2003, 02:00 UTC ("high clouds" enhancement)

43. Version 0.6, 30 June 2004 R = Difference IR12.0 - IR10.8 G = Difference IR10.8 - IR8.7 B = Channel IR10.8 5. RGB 10-09,09-07,09 ("Dust") Applications: Dust (day and night), Contrails

44. Version 0.6, 30 June 2004 5. RGB 10-09,09-07,09 ("Dust") Recommended Range and Enhancement: BeamChannelRangeGammaGamma2 RedIR12.0 - IR10.8-4 … +21.01.0 GreenIR10.8 - IR8.70 … +152.51.0 BlueIR10.8+261 … +2891.01.0

45. Version 0.6, 30 June 2004 Ch.10 -Ch.09 Ch.09 -Ch.07 Ch.09 MSG-1, 3 March 2004, 01:00 UTC RGB Composite 10-09,09-07,09

46. Version 0.6, 30 June 2004 RGB 10-09,09-04,09 Example: Dust 10 - 09 09 - 07 09 In RGB 10-09,09-07,09 images, dust appears in magenta colours !

47. Version 0.6, 30 June 2004 RGB 10-09,09-07,09 Example: Dust (day) MSG-1, 3 March 2004, 10:00 UTC

48. Version 0.6, 30 June 2004 RGB 10-09,09-07,09 Example: Dust (day) MSG-1, 25 June 2003, 10:00 UTC

49. Version 0.6, 30 June 2004 R = Difference WV6.2 - WV7.3 G = Difference IR3.9* - IR10.8 B = Difference NIR1.6 - VIS0.6 6. RGB 05-06,04-09,03-01 ("Convective Storms") Applications: Severe Storms *Note: CO2-corrected brightness temperature of channel 04 (IR3.9)

50. Version 0.6, 30 June 2004 6. RGB 05-06,04-09,03-01 ("Convective Storms") Recommended Range and Enhancement: BeamChannelRangeGammaGamma2 RedWV6.2 - WV7.3-30 … 01.01.0 GreenIR3.9* - IR10.80 … +50 or +550.51.0 BlueNIR1.6 - VIS0.6-70 … +201.01.0 *Note: CO2-corrected brightness temperature of channel 04 (IR3.9)

51. Version 0.6, 30 June 2004 Ch.05 -Ch.06 Ch.04 -Ch.09 Ch.03 -Ch.01 MSG-1, 8 September 2003, 12:00 UTC RGB Composite 05-06,04-09,03-01

52. Version 0.6, 30 June 2004 RGB 05-06,04-09,03-01 Example: Severe Convection 05 - 06 04 - 09 03 - 01 In RGB 05-06,04-09,03-01 images, cold Cb tops with small ice particles appear in yellowish colours (Cbs with large ice particles appear in reddish colours) !

53. Version 0.6, 30 June 2004 RGB 05-06,04-09,03-01 Example: Severe Convection MSG-1, 20 May 2003, 13:30 UTC RGB 02,04r,09 RGB 05-06,04-09,03-01 (for comparison) better identification of young, severe storms

54. Version 0.6, 30 June 2004 RGB 05-06,04-09,03-01 Example: Severe Convection MSG-1, 13 June 2003, 12:00 UTC RGB 02,04r,09 RGB 05-06,04-09,03-01 (for comparison) better identification of young, severe storms

55. Version 0.6, 30 June 2004 RGB 05-06,04-09,03-01 Example: Severe Convection MSG-1, 3 February 2004, 11:30 UTC RGB 02,04r,09 RGB 05-06,04-09,03-01 (for comparison) better identification of young, severe storms