1. CHAPTER 13
PERSONAL HEALTH CARE

2. CHAPTER 13 DESCRIBES HOW TO CARE FOR SKIN,HAIR,AND NAILS.
IT ALSO DESCRIBES HOW TO TAKE CARE OF THE TEETH, EYES, AND EARS.
BELLRINGER-WHAT KIND OF PERSONAL CARE DO YOU DO?

3. LESSON 1
PROPER CARE OF SKIN, HAIR, AND NAILS IS IMPORTANT FOR KEEPING THE WHOLE BODY HEALTHY
BELLRINGER-WHAT ARE THE BENEFITS OF SUNSCREEN?

4. LESSON 1 HEALTHY SKIN,HAIR,AND NAILS
BIG IDEA-CARE FOR THE SKIN,HAIR,AND NAILS IS NECESSARY FOR GOOD HEALTH
THE SKIN PROTECTS THE BODY PATHOGENS,REGULATES BODY TEMPERATURE, AND FEELS SENSATIONS.

5. YOUR SKIN
SKIN PROTECTS YOU FROM PATHOGENS, REGULATES YOUR BODY TEMPERATURE, AND HELPS YOU FEEL SENSATIONS.
SKIN-IS THE LARGEST ORGAN ON THE BODY.
SKIN CONSISTS OF 2 MAIN LAYERS
EPIDERMIS-IS THE OUTER,THINNER LAYER OF THE SKIN.

6. DERMIS-IS THE THICKER LAYER OF SKIN BENEATH THE EPIDERMIS THAT IS MADE UP OF CONNECTIVE TISSUE AND CONTAINS BLOOD VESSELS AND NERVES.
LIPIDS-CELLS IN THE EPIDERMIS THAT MAKES IT WATERPROOF.
MELANIN-A PIGMENT THAT GIVES THE SKIN,HAIR,AND IRIS OF THEIR EYES THEIR COLOR.

7. THE MORE MELANIN YOU HAVE IN YOUR SKIN THE DARKER THE SKIN.
THE SKIN PERFORMS 3 MAIN FUNCTIONS:
PROTECTION-PROTECTS YOU FROM PATHOGENS AND INTERNAL DAMAGE. SKIN REPAIRS ITSELF TO KEEP PATHOGENS FROM ENTERING THE BODY.

8. 2.TEMPERATURE CONTROL-AS BODY TEMPERATURE BEGINS TO RISE, THE BLOOD VESSELS IN YOUR SKIN DILATE, ALLOWING HEAT TO ESCAPE THROUGH THE SKIN’S SURFACE. SWEAT GLANDS –COOL THE SKIN.

9. 3.SENSATION-SKIN IS A MAJOR SENSE ORGAN.
STUDY THE SKIN DIAGRAM PAGE 357.
SEBACEOUS GLANDS-STRUCTURES WITHIN THE SKIN THAT PRODUCE AN OILY SECRETION CALLED SEBUM.

10. KEEP YOUR SKIN HEALTHY 1.WASH WITH MILD SOAP AND WATER
2.AVOID TOUCHING YOUR FACE WITH HANDS, BECAUSE YOU HANDS HAVE BACTERIA.
CHOOSE PERSONAL SKIN CARE PRODUCTS
WELL BALANCED EATING PLAN

11. UV PROTECTION-SUNTAN IS DAMAGED SKIN FROM UV RADIATION
CAN LEAD TO SKIN CANCER
WEAR SUNSCREEN
WEAR PROTECTIVE CLOTHING
WEAR SUNGLASSES
AVOID TANNING BEDS

12. BODY PIERCING AND TATTOOING
PERAMENT
POTENTIAL HEALTH RISKS-BREAKS THE PHYSICAL BARRIER OF THE SKIN
INFECTIONS LIMIT JOB OPPORTUNITIES RELATIONSHIPS
HEPATITIS
HIV

13. SKIN PROBLEMS
AFFECT SELF IMAGE
COMMON SKIN PROBLEMS
ACNE-WHEN PORES IN THE SKIN ARE CLOGGED,BACTERIA CAUSES INFLAMMATION, AND PUS FORMS.
TOUCHING AND PICKING MAY CAUSE SCARRING.

14. 2.WARTS-ARE CAUSED BY A VIRUS.
3.DERMATITIS OR ECZEMA-INFLAMED OR SCALY PATCH OF SKIN.
4.FUNGAL INFECTIONS-RINGWORM AND ATHLETE’S FOOT ARE INFECTIONS THAT SPREAD BY CONTACT WITH SKIN.

15. 5.BOILS- THESE FORM WHEN HAIR FOLLICLES –SACS OR CAVITIES THAT SURROUND THE ROOTS OF HAIRS-BECOME INFECTED.
6.VITILIGO-CONDITION THAT PATCHES OF SKIN LOSE MELANIN AND HAVE NO PIGMENT.
7.MOLES-CERTAIN TYPES MAY CAUSE MELANOMA

16. MOST SERIOUS FORM OF SKIN CANCER.
LOOK AT THE DIAGRAM ON PAGE 360.
SEVERE ACNE SHOULD ALWAYS BE TREATED BY A DERMATOLOGIST.

17. YOUR HAIR
YOUR HAIR PROTECTS YOUR SKIN FROM UV RADIATION AND HELPS MAINTAIN BODY HEAT.
HAIR GROWS ON EVERY SURFACE OF THE SKIN EXCEPT FOR THE PALMS OF YOUR HAND AND THE SOLES OF YOUR FEET.

18. HAIR IS COMPOSED OF DEAD CELLS ,LIVING CELLS IN THE EPIDERMIS MAKE NEW HAIRS AND CAUSE HAIR GROWTH.
EYEBROWS AND EYELASHES PROTECTS THE EYES FROM DUST AND OTHER PARTICLES.
KEEPS HEAT IN.

19. REGULAR SHAMPOOING WILL KEEP YOUR HAIR HEALTHY.
HEATING HAIR ITEMS WILL MAKE YOUR HAIR BRITTLE AND DRY.
HAIR PROBLEMS
DANDRUFF-THE DEAD SKIN CELLS THAT ARE SHED AS STICKY WHITE FLAKES WHEN THE SCALP IS TOO DRY.

20. HEAD LICE-ARE TINY PARASITIC INSECTS THAT ARE LIVE IN THE SCALP HAIR OF HUMANS. THEY FEED ON THE BLOOD FROM THE SCALP.
LICE CAN INFECT ANYONE.
USE MEDICATED SHAMPOO CAN KILL ORGANISMS. MUST CLEAN EVERYTHING!!!

21. YOUR NAILS NAILS HELP PROTECT YOUR FINGERS AND TOES.
NAILS- ARE MADE OF CLOSELY PACKED DEAD CELLS THAT CONTAIN KERATIN.
KEEP THEM CLEAN AND EVENLY TRIMMED.
TRIM TOENAILS STRAIGHT ACROSS TO REDUCE A RISK OF INGROWN NAILS.

22. LESSON 2 HEALTHY TEETH AND MOUTH
BIG IDEA-YOUR TEETH AND MOUTH NEED CARE TO FUNCTION WELL AND KEEP YOU HEALTHY.
BELLRINGER-WHAT DOES IT MEAN TO HAVE HEALTHY TEETH?

23. YOUR TEETH EVERY TOOTH HAS 3 PARTS.
HEALTHY TEETH IMPORTANT FOR YOUR APPEARANCE.
BREAK DOWN FOOD
SHAPE YOU MOUTH

24. PARTS OF A TOOTH
PERIODONTIUM-IS THE AREA IMMEDIATELY AROUND THE TOOTH.
IT IS MADE UP OF THE GUM,PERIODONTAL LIGAMENTS,AND THE JAWBONE.
SUPPORT THE TOOTH AND HOLD IT IN PLACE.

25. TOOTH 3 MAIN PARTS CROWN,NECK,ROOT
CROWN-IS THE VISIBLE PORTION OF THE TOOTH.
IT IS PROTECTED WITH ENAMEL, A HARD SUBSTANCE MADE OF CALCIUM.

26. DENTIN- LAYER BENEATH THE ENAMEL, A LAYER OF CONNECTIVE TISSUE THAT CONTRIBUTES TO THE SHAPE AND HARDNESS OF THE TOOTH.
PULP-IS THE TISSUE THAT CONTAINS THE BLOOD VESSELS AND NERVES OF A TOOTH.

27. STUDY THE DIAGRAM ON PAGE 364.
THE NECK OF THE TOOTH IS BETWEEN THE CROWN AND THE ROOT.
KEEPING YOUR TEETH AND MOUTH HEALTHY
YOU CAN MAKE CHOICES THAT HELP KEEP YOUR TEETH AND MOUTH CLEAN AND HEALTHY.

28. ORAL HYGIENE-BRUSHING AND FLOSSING YOUR TEETH.
ACID BREAKS DOWN THE ENAMEL AND TOOTH DECAY OCCURS WHEN THE ENAMEL IS DESTROYED.
PLAQUE-IS A COMBINATION OF BACTERIA AND OTHER PARTICLES SUCH AS SMALL BITS OF FOOD.

29. PLAQUE BUILDS UP AND CAUSE A CAVITY AND IF THE DECAY SPREADS DOWN TO THE PULP THE TOOTH WILL HAVE TO BE REMOVED.
VISIT A DENTIST REGULARLY AND KEEP YOUR TEETH AND GUMS HEALTHY.

30. TOOTH AND MOUTH PROBLEMS
NEGLECTING YOUR TEETH CAN RESULT IN PROBLEMS.
HALITOSIS-BAD BREATH
PERIODONTAL DISEASE-AN INFLAMMATION OF THE PERIODONTAL STRCTURES-IS CAUSED BY BACTERIAL INFECTION.

31. TARTAR-A HARD CRUSTLIKE STRUCTURE.-WHEN PLAQUE HARDENS.
GINGIVITIS-GUMS ARE IRRITATED AND SWOLLEN.
3. MALOCCLUSION-A MISALIGNMENT OF THE UPPER AND LOWER TEETH OR BAD BITE.

32. 4. IMPACTED WISDOM TEETH-SOMETIMES CROWD AND PUSH ON THE OTHER TEETH OR BECOME INFECTED.

33. LESSON 3 HEALTHY EYES AND EARS
BIG IDEA-EYES AND EARS ARE SENSITIVE ORGANS THAT NEED PROTECTIVE CARE.
BELLRINGER-WHAT ARE SOME STRUCTURES OF THE EYE?

34. YOUR EYES THE EYES AND THEIR SUPPORTING STRUCTURES ARE COMPLEX PARTS.
MOST OF THE SENSORY INFORMATION THAT TRAVELS TO YOUR BRAIN COMES FROM LIGHT SIGNALS RECEIVED BY YOUR EYES.
LACRIMAL GLAND-SECRETES TEARS INTO THE EYE THROUGH DUCTS.

35. TEARS ARE MADE OF WATER, SALTS,MUCUS, AND A SUBSTANCE THAT PROTECTS THE EYE FROM INFECTION.
PARTS OF THE EYE
THE EYE CONSISTS OF THE OPTIC NERVE AND 3 LAYERS OF THE EYEBALL WALL.

36. THE OUTERMOST LAYER OF THE EYE IS MADE UP OF THE SCLERA AND THE CORNEA.
SCLERA-THE WHITE PART OF THE EYE-IS COMPOSED OF TOUGH,FIBROUS TISSUE THAT PROTECTS THE INNER LAYERS OF THE EYE AND SUPPORTS AND SHAPES THE EYEBALL.

37. CORNEA-IS A TRANSPARENT TISSUE THAT BENDS AND FOCUSES LIGHT BEFORE IT ENTERS THE LENS.
CHOROID-THE MIDDLE LAYER OD THE EYE.
IRIS- COLORED PORTION OF THE EYE.

38. PUPIL-IS THE HOLE THROUGH WHICH LIGHT REACHES THE INNER EYE.
THE MUSCLES OF THE IRIS CONTROLS THE SIZE OF THE PUPIL.
EX. WITH LIGHTS ON AND OFF
RETINA-IS THE INNER LAYER IF THE EYE WALL.

39. CONTAINS MILLIONS OF LIGHT SENSITIVE CELLS.
RODS-ARE VERY SENSITIVE TO LIGHT AND ALLOW US TO SEE DIM LIGHT.
CONES-FUNCTION IN BRIGHT LIGHT AND ALLOW US TO SEE COLOR.

40. OPTIC NERVE- IS THE NERVE IMPULSES TRAVELS TO THE BRAIN THROUGH THE OPTIC NERVE WHICH IS LOCATED AT THE BACK OF THE EYE.
LENS-IS LOCATED BEHIND THE IRIS AND THE PUPIL.
AQUEOUS HUMOR-IS THE ARE BETWEEN THE CORNEA AND THE LENS.

41. IT IS A WATERY FLUID WHICH PROVIDES NUTRIENTS TO THE EYE.
VITREOUS HUMOR-IS LOCATED BETWEEN THE LENS AND RETINA THERE IS A CAVITY FILLED THIS GELATIN LIKE SUBSTANCE.
HELPS THE EYEBALL STAY FIRM AND THE EYE ITS SHAPE.

42. VISION
WHEN LIGHT PASSES THROUGH THE CORNEA,PUPIL,AND LENS TO REACH THE RETINA, AN IMAGE IS FORMED.
THE BRAIN TRANSLATES THE NERVE IMPULSES INTO IMAGES THAT YOU RECOGNIZE.

43. NORMAL VISION IS 20/20
20 FEET FROM AN EYE CHART AND READ THE TOP 8 LINES.
2 COMMON VISION DISORDERS
NEARSIGHTEDNESS-CAN NOT SEE FAR AWAY
FARSIGHTEDNESS-CAN NOT SEE CLOSE UP.

44. 20/60 VISION IS NEARSIGHTED
STUDY THE CHART ON PAGE 370
EYE PROBLEMS
KEEPING YOUR EYES HEALTHY
MAKING HEALTHY CHOICES WILL KEEP YOUR EYES HEALTHY.

45. FOLLOW A WELL-BALANCED EATING PLAN
PROTECT YOUR EYES
REST YOUR EYES REGULARLY
GET REGULAR EYE EXAMS

46. YOUR EARS
THE INNER, MIDDLE, AND OUTER EAR WORK TOGETHER SO YOU CAN HEAR.
BELLRINGER
WHAT IS HEARING?

47. THE EAR CAN BE DIVIDED INTO 3 MAIN SECTIONS.
THE OUTER EAR-IS THE VISIBLE PART OF THE EAR., CALLED THE AURICLE.
AURICLE CHALLENGES SOUND WAVES INTO THE EXTERNAL AUDITORY CANAL , APASSAGE WAY ABOUT 1 INCH LONG.

48. THE CANAL LEADS TO THE REMAINING PORTION OF THE OUTER EAR CALLED THE EARDRUM.
EARDRUM-IS A THIN MEMBRANE THAT ACTS AS A BARRIER BETWEEN THE OUTER AND MIDDLE EAR.

49. THE MIDDLE EAR-DIRECTLY BEHIND THE EARDRUM THERE ARE 3 SMALL BONES LINKED TOGETHER THAT CONNECT THE EARDRUM TO THE INNER EAR. HAMMER, AVIL, STIRRUP(AUDITORY OSSICLES)
STIRRUP- SMALLEST BONE IN THE BODY.

50. MIDDLE EAR CONNECTED TO THE THROAT-SWALLOW \YAWN EQUALIZES PRESSURE ON EACH SIDE OF THE EARDRUM.
THE INNER EAR-CONSISTS OF NETWORK OF CURVED AND SPIRAL PASSAGES THAT CAN BE DIVIDED INTO 3 MAIN PARTS.

51. COCHLEA-A SPIRAL SHAPED CANAL, IS THE AREA OF HEARING IN THE INNER EAR.
VESTIBULE AND THE SEMICIRCULAR CANALS ARE WHERE BALANCE IS CONTROLLED.

52. HEARING AND BALANCE
RECEPTORS-IN YOUR INNER EAR STIMULATED BY A SOUND WAY.
IMPULSE IS SENT TO THE BRAIN-AUDITORY NERVE.
THE BRAIN MAKES ADJUSTMENTS TO MAINTAIN BALANCE.

53. KEEPING YOUR EARS HEALTHY
CARING OF YOUR EARS HELPS PREVENT IRRITATION,INJURY,INFECTION, AND DAMAGE TO THE EARS, AS WELL AS HEARING LOSS.
IF YOU HAVE AN EAR INFECTION SEE A DOCTOR.

54. MIDDLE EAR INFECTIONS CAN DAMAGE THE STRUCTURE OF THE EAR.
PROTECT EARS IN COLD WEATHER
KEEP FOREIGN OBJECTS,INCLUDING COTTON-TIPPED SWABS, OUT OF THE EAR CANAL.

55. PREVENTING HEARING LOSS
EXPOSURE TO LOUD NOISES CAN LEAD TO TEMPORARY AND SOMETIMES PERMANENT HEARING LOSS,OR DEAFNESS, OVER TIME.
CONDUCTIVE HEARING LOSS-SOUND WAVES ARE NOT PASSED FROM THE OUTER EAR TO THE INNER EAR. EX. MIDDLE-EAR INFECTIONS.

56. SENSORINEURAL HEARING LOSS-BIRTH DEFECT,EXPOSURE TO NOISE,GROWING OLDER,AND MEDICATION PROBLEMS.
TINNITUS-A CONDITION IN WHICH A RINGING,BUZZING,WHISTLING,ROARING,HISSING, OR OTHER SOUND IS HEARD IN THE EAR.