1. Unit 1 Scientific Approaches Chapter 1 History

2. Comparative psychology- concerned w/ ani beh Ethology- branch of biology studying ani beh Behavioral ecology- interaction bt/wn ani w/each other and enviro

3. Old dead guys! 300 BC Aristotle organized living things by complexity, named them by genus and species Genus= group, species=unique properties

4. More old dead guys! 16th and 17th cent Lots of studies in anatomy and physiology Descartes researched that ani beh is governed by laws and principles 18th cent Linnaeus- system of classification

5. Up to 19th cent Early 19th cent Lamarck- evolution (all species descended from older, from simple to more complex) 19th cent Darwin- changed views from anthropocentric (humans center of everything) to we evolved too

6. Go Darwin, Go Darwin! Book “Origin of Species” produced a mechanism to support theory of evolution Natural selection- ani and humans live in same universe, all related by common ancestors

7. More dead old guys Mendel- studied genetics, reinforced theory of evolution William James- “Principles of Psychology”, human consciousness Lloyd Morgan- comparative psych on ani beh, simplest explanation is best John Watson- founded school of behaviorism, learning processes, rats

8. Ethology Branch of bio, studies ani beh w/in environ Field studies on ani beh in natural environ FAP- fixed action patterns, innate, present in all members of species Triggered by a sign stimulus Ex: color during mating triggers aggression in males

9. Behavioral ecology Evolutionary principles of adaptation Environments are interacting systems Sociobiology- social behaviors of animals

10. Animal classification Taxonomy- classifying and naming animals Indicate relationships Most important characteristics KPCOFGS Genus- group Species- can interbreed and produce viable offspring

11. Animal behavior Why do they do that? What is accomplished? What is provided by this behavior? Functional- due to evolution Purposeful- future planning, consciousness Proximate (mechanical) causes- immediate circumstances that evoke beh