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Gross Anatomy Reproductive System 1
Harold J. Sheedlo, Ph.D. Department of Cell Biology and Genetics
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Arteries of Pelvis and Perineum
Abdominal Aorta Common iliac arteries (L4) External iliac artery Inferior epigastric artery Deep circumflex iliac artery
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Arteries of Pelvis and Perineum
Abdominal Aorta Common iliac arteries Internal iliac artery Posterior division Iliolumbar artery Superior gluteal artery Lateral sacral arteries
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Arteries of Pelvis and Perineum
Internal iliac artery Anterior division Obturator artery Umbilical artery Vaginal/uterine artery Inferior vesical artery Middle rectal artery Internal pudendal artery Inferior gluteal artery
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Muscles of Pelvis Piriformis muscle Obturator internus muscle
Coccygeus muscle Levator ani muscles Iliococcygeus muscle Pubococcygeus muscle Puborectalis muscle
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Muscles of Perineum Ischiocavernosus muscle Bulbospongiosus muscle
Sphincter urethrae muscle Deep transverse perineal muscle Superficial transverse perineal muscle
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Ligaments of Pelvis Sacrotuberous ligament Sacrospinous ligament
Suspensory ligament of ovary Proper ligament of ovary Broad ligament Mesometrium Mesovarium Mesosalpinx
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Ligaments of Pelvis Round ligament of uterus
Cardinal ligament - uterine vessels
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Nerves of Pelvis and Perineum
Lumbosacral trunk (L4, L5) Sacral plexus - ventral rami of S1, S2, S3 and S4 Pudendal nerve (S2, S3, S4) Perineal nerve Inferior rectal nerve Dorsal nerve of clitoris or penis Obturator nerve (L3, L4) Inferior gluteal nerve (L5, S1, S2) Superior gluteal nerve (L4, L5, S1)
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Veins of Pelvis and Perineum
Inferior vena cava (L5) Common iliac veins Internal iliac veins External iliac veins (femoral vein) Testicular or ovarian veins (left or right)
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Female Organs Infundibulum of uterine tube Fimbriae
Ampulla of uterine tube Isthmus of uterine tube Uterine part Uterus Fundus Body Internal os
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Female Organs Cervix Internal os External os Vagina Fornices Vestibule
Vulva
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Male Organs Scrotum Skin Superficial (Dartos’) fascia
External spermatic fascia Cremaster muscle Internal spermatic fascia Testis Tunica vaginalis - parietal and visceral layers Epididymis Tunica albuginea - seminiferous tubules
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Male Organs Ductus (vas) deferens Seminal vesicles Prostate
Ejaculatory ducts Lobes Middle - benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH) Posterior - cancer prone
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Male Organs Corpus caverosum (corpora cavernosa) Corpus spongiosum
Prostatic urethra Membranous urethra Spongy urethra
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Male and Female Pelvis Sacrum Ischial tuberosities
Shape of pelvic inlet Pelvic inlet to pelvic outlet Pubic arch Size of pelvic cavity
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Perineum Boundaries Anal triangle Urogenital triangle
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Urinary Bladder Posterior of retropubic space Apex is anterior
Ureters enter bladder posteroinferior Trigone - orifices of ureters and uvula of bladder Interureteric crest Vesicouterine pouch - female Rectovesical pouch - male
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Rectum Arterial supply Superior rectal artery
Middle and inferior rectal arteries Venous drainage Superior rectal vein Middle and inferior rectal veins
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Anus Anal columns Anal valves Pectinate line
Upper half and lower half of anal canal joins Differences Epithelium (SCE, SSE) Nervous innervation Arterial supply (SRA, IRA) Venous drainage (SRV, IRV) Lymphatic drainage
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Examinations Rectal examination Male - prostate, seminal vesicle
Female - cervix Bimanual examination in female Uterus Uterine tube Ovary
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Clinical Hemorrhoids Internal - srv External - irv Hysterectomy
Uterine artery Ureter Vasectomy Episiotomy Pudendal nerve block
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Practical Examination
25 gross anatomy and 10 histology Gross anatomy 1 x-ray (computer) 1 cross section (computer) 9 second order
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Practical Examination
Gross anatomy 3 arteries 2 nerves 3 veins 8 structures or organs 4 regions 1 muscle 2 bones
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Practical Examination
Gross anatomy 7 female structures 6 first order 1 second order 7 male structures 4 first order 3 second order Histology (computer) 5 female and 5 male 5 first order 5 second order
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