1. Department Head for PBN Tools, Processes, and Criteria
Benefits of AAI’s Human-in-the-Loop Capabilities for India’s Aviation Advancement
Dr. Thomas Becher
Department Head for PBN Tools, Processes, and Criteria
The MITRE Corporation
October 21, 2014

2. What is a HITL?
Terminal Controllers
En Route Controllers
HITLs are real-time Air Traffic Control (ATC) simulations that require human interactions to work traffic
HITLs readily allow for problem identification not easily done by other means
Simulation Pilots

3. Benefits of HITLs
Assess traffic workability issues and other impacts on ATC
Test airspace concepts
Gain controller acceptance
Develop concepts and requirements for new automation
Validate operational assumptions regarding how traffic will be worked
Assess traffic workability issues and other impacts on ATC workload—gain controller acceptance
Evaluate a more complete operational view (e.g., cross facility, account for existing constraints)
Identify ATC operational issues with procedures early in the design process
Test airspace concepts
Identify issues and propose solutions when operators experience operational problems
Develop concepts and requirements for new automation
Identify potential safety hazards
RADIANS Lab at Tech Center in Hyderabad

4. Description of AAI HITL Simulation
Works in a laboratory setting and is also completely portable and distributable
Good balance between a flexible portable platform and scenario fidelity
TARGETS Portable HITL Being Conducted on Site
Installed at RADIANS Tech Center in Hyderabad 4 4

5. RNAV Design: Arrival Procedures
Examined three variations of the proposed RNAV Arrivals
Validated operational acceptability
Results indicated:
There were very few issues between arrivals and departures on the RNAV procedures
Distributing traffic using a single stream with an offload appeared to provide the best balance of workload across the terminal and en route facilities.
Traffic Conditions
Results

6. Alternate Airspace Designs
Optimization
Unrestricted
Restricted
OPT-C1
OUR-C1
RES-C1
Configuration 1
Runway Configuration
OPT-C2
OUR-C2
RES-C2
Configuration 2
LAS Arrivals
LAS Departures
IVP Arrivals
IVP Departures

7. Route Design Changes Extend well beyond terminal airspace
150 nm
ZLC
Current
ZOA
Extend well beyond terminal airspace
Require complex, multi-sector studies to evaluate
ZLA
ZDV
ZAB
150 nm
ZLC
Optimization
ZOA
ZLA
ZDV
ZAB
Arrivals
Departures

8. Importance of HITL Computer Simulation Capability to AAI
India is deploying major system improvements to maximize efficiency and capacity
Modifications to terminal and en route airspace
Increased use of RNAV and RNP capabilities
Revised Air Traffic Control procedures
Upgrading Air Traffic Management Systems
HITL Computer Simulations are needed to:
Maximize the benefits
Assure success and reduce rework
Mitigate risk for costly complex airspace and procedures projects
Provide emulation of ATC systems to assess operational viability
India is deploying major system improvements to maximize efficiency and capacity
Modifications to terminal and en route airspace
Increased use of RNAV and RNP capabilities
Revised Air Traffic Control procedures
Upgrading Air Traffic Management Systems
HITL Computer Simulations are needed to:
Maximize the benefits
Assure success and reduce rework
Mitigate risk for costly complex airspace and procedures projects
Provide emulation of ATC systems to assess operational viability
Development of In-house HITL Capability provides India important capability address current and future procedures and airspace needs

9. Phased HITL Capability Deployment
AAI Has Established Technology And Knowledge Base to Enjoy Full HITL Capabilities Systematically
Phase I : Enables Study of PBN Issues
Phase II : Incorporates Noise Screening, TAWS/TCAS, and Relative Position Indicator Tool
Phase III: Decision Support Tools for PBN/TBO and Traffic Flow Management and FMS Trainer Interface

10. TARGETS Portable HITL: Phase I
Basic Capability
Final training completed in India in early 2014
Adapted for Indian data
Scenarios based upon AAI defined examples
ATC Terminal Displays
ATC En Route Displays
Simulation Pilot Displays

11. TARGETS Portable HITL Perspectives
ATC Terminal Display
ATC En Route Display
HITL Master Display

12. Phase II Capabilities for AAI
TAWS/TCAS Screening
Noise Screening

13. Phase II Capabilities for AAI
Relative Position Indicator (RPI) for terminal spacing and merging design tool
Training
Site Adaptation
AAI has not adopted yet for ATC automation
Actual Aircraft
Projected Aircraft Indicator

14. Phase III Capabilities for AAI
Incorporate Higher Fidelity Pseudo Pilot/FMS Interface
Third Party Desktop Simulators
CAE A320 and CRJ
GE PCSim B737
Aerosim B757/767 and A320
Reduces time in expensive and resource constrained simulators
Valuable for pilot workload and familiarization

15. Phase III Capabilities for AAI
Provide TARGETS Portable HITL Plugins and fmsOperator
fmsOperator to support HITLs
Third party Desktop FMS Tools
Data collection using fmsOperator and Matlab

16. Phase III Capabilities for AAI
Provide TARGETS Plugins for:
Terminal Proximity Alert (TPA), Automated TPA, and basic Time-based metering
Required Time of Arrival (RTA) with Desktop FMSs
Adapting Third party Desktop FMS Tools to support 4D Intent and Datacom
Data collection using fmsOperator and Matlab

17. Thank You