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Published byXimena Tyrer Modified over 10 years ago
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Organic Chemistry Functional Groups This slide show will cycle on its own through all of the ochemlab functional groups and the ochem substituents. It will show a structural diagram and give you 4 seconds to think of the name. Then, it will show you the name for 4 seconds. Hopefully, it will help with memorization. It will continually repeat until you press escape.
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RC-CR
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alkane
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RC=CR
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alkene
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RC=CR
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alkyne
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R-OH
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alcohol
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R-X X is a halogen.
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Alkyl halide
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R-NH 2
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amine
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R-O-R
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ether
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R-C=N
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nitrile
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R-SH
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thiol
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R-NO 2
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nitroalkane
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R-C-H O
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aldehyde
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R-C-R O
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ketone
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R-C-OH O
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Carboxylic acid
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R-C-X O X is a halogen.
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Acyl halide
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R-C-O-C-O-R OO
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Acid anhydride
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R-C-O-R O
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ester An ether and a ketone… whoa!
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R-C-NH 2 O
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amide A ketone and an amine… whoa!
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C=C C C-C
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aromatic
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Alkanes CH4? C2H6? C3H8? C4H10? C5H12? C6H14? C7H16? C8H18? C9H20? C10H22? C11H24? C12H26? Methane Ethane Propane Butane Pentane Hexane Heptane Octane Nonane Decane Undecane Dodecane
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What kind of a series has members that differ from each other by a methyl group? A homologous series!
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Rules of IUPAC ID longest chain of C atoms # based on end which has closer substituent; rule of first point of difference Name the substituents!
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CH 3
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methyl
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CH 2 CH 3
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ethyl
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CH 2 CH 2 CH 3
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propyl
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CH 3 CHCH 3
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isopropyl
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CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 3
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butyl
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CH 3 CHCH 2 CH 3
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Secondary butyl
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CH 2 CHCH 3 CH 3
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isobutyl
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CH 3 CCH 3 CH 3
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Tertiary butyl or t-butyl
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CH 3 CCH 3 CH 3 CH 2
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neopentyl
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