1. ( )

2. Real Name: Eric Blair
British Political Novelist
Born: To English parents in India

3. After his father retired, Eric and his family moved back to England.

4. 1911
He was sent to a boarding school at the age of 8 to prepare for Eton, an exclusive prep school.
Because he had a scholarship, he was teased and humiliated frequently.
                                     

5. *Whose rules was he enforcing?
                                          1921-At 18, he passed the Empire’s Civil Service Exam and became a police officer in Burma.          
*Whose rules was he enforcing?

6. 1927
Returned in Europe
* What life lessons can you learn while dishwashing?

7. He chose to live in poverty because he felt guilty for the job he had
done in Burma -
for having been a
part of an oppressive government.

8. oppressed and helpless
He saw poverty
as a way to
understand the
problems of the
oppressed and helpless
by becoming
one of them.

9. (This is not the same as communist.)
Orwell was a Socialist
(This is not the same as communist.)
Socialist: someone who believes that the government should own businesses so that everyone will be cared for.
Government can *Redistribute $$$$
*Make the “game” more fair

10. 2 Things That
Influenced Orwell
To Write
Animal Farm:
His hatred for:
Injustice &
Political Lying

11. He desired a society where
separate classes
would not exist.

12. His second
famous book:

13. It's a Fable It's an Allegory Fables have 2 levels of meaning.
On the surface, the fable is about animals On 2nd level, animals = types of people or ideas The way the animals interact & the way the plot unfolds helps us understand the nature of people or the value of ideas Fiction with multiple levels of meaning is called allegory.

14. Why Animals?
In explaining how he came to write Animal Farm, Orwell says he once saw a little boy whipping a horse and later he wrote,
“It struck me that if only such animals became aware of their strength we should have no power over them, and that men exploit animals in much the same way as the rich exploit the [worker].”

15. It's a Satire
In satire, vices, follies, abuses, and shortcomings are held up to ridicule, ideally with the intent of shaming individuals, and society itself, into improvement.[
Animal Farm is a satire of political society after the Bolshevik Revolution.

16. Historical Context
PRE 1900’s ---Russian society had two social classes: a tiny minority (bourgeoisie) controlled the country’s wealth.
The working class was called the proletariat.

17. Communism arose in Russia when the nation’s workers & peasants rebelled against and overwhelmed the wealthy and powerful class of capitalists & aristocrats.

18. This was based
on Karl Marx and his

19. The call for
action was . . .

20. Nicholas II,
monarch of Russia,
was forced
to abdicate
the throne.

21. Romanovs
Old Russia had been ruled for 300 years by a family called the Romanovs. They were called czars (or tsars) and ruled as kings and queens.
They lived a fantastic life in their palace, surrounded by all kinds of luxuries.

22. His daughter,
Anastasia, was
lost.

23. Lenin, a Russian
revolutionary,
took power
in the name of
the
Communist
Party.

24. When Lenin died,
Joseph Stalin &
Leon Trotsky
competed for
control of the
Soviet Union.

25. Stalin banished
Trotsky &
took control.
He began his
brutal killings,
overseeing the
deaths of
approximately
twenty million
Soviet citizens.

26. Themes
1. Freedom &
individual dignity
must be guarded
very carefully.

27. Themes
2. Language is a
powerful tool;
used improperly,
it can enslave
and confuse us.

28. Themes
3. Weakness can be
dominated by
strength, fear,
and trickery.

29. Themes
4. Hope & vision
must be kept alive,
or we might
live like the
animals of
Manor Farm.

30. Themes
5. Power corrupts,
and absolute power
corrupts
absolutely.

31. Animalism = Communism Animalism Communism Taught my Old Major
No rich, but no poor
Better life for workers
All animals are equal
Everyone owns the farm
Communism
Invented by Karl Marx
All people are equal
Government owns everything
People own the government

32. Farmer Jones = Czar Nicholas II
The irresponsible owner of the farm
Lets his animals starve and beats them with a whip
Sometimes shows random kindness
Czar Nicholas II
Weak Russian leader during the early 1900s
Often cruel and brutal to his subjects
Displays isolated kindess

33. Characters Snowball A clever pig with a head for ideas,
                              
Snowball A clever pig with a head for ideas,
he becomes one of the main
leaders of Animal Farm and
the author of its central commandments.

34. Characters Napoleon A pig with a gift for techniques of control,
                      
Napoleon A pig with a gift for techniques of control,
he establishes most of the
farm’s rules and eventually
becomes its sole leader.

35. Characters Old Major An elderly show pig whose
                      
Old Major An elderly show pig whose
instruction to the animals
about "animalism" becomes
the philosophical basis
for the creation of Animal Farm.

36. Characters Squealer A pig with the ability to make any
                      
Squealer A pig with the ability to make any
idea sound reasonable,
he is Napoleon's side-kick
and is in charge of communicating
to the animals.

37. Characters Boxer A strong and hard-working carthorse,
                      
Boxer A strong and hard-working carthorse,
he shows tremendous
faith in the rebellion and its leaders.