3. A sign signS Traffic signS All traffic signs

4. All handsome boys All red books All happy children

5. These books are the same. Our shirts are the same. Their cars are the same. Our shoes are different. Our names are different. The same: aynı Different: farklı

9. Doll: oyuncak bebek

13. CountryNationality CountriesNationalities EnglandEnglish MexicoMexican MoroccoMoroccan TurkeyTurkish KoreaKorean Where are you from? What nationality are you? We are from TURKEY.We are TURKISH.

14. Jenson BUTTON is English Formula One racing driver from England.

15. What nationality is the man? He is Mexican. A Mexican man

16. Moroccan children

17. A Korean family

18. Tick (v) = mark (v), işaretle About: hakkında About computers: bilgisayarlar hakkında Is the unit about computers? No, It isn’t. Is the unit about cars? No, It isn’t.

19. Is the unit about traffic? Yes, It is. What is the unit about? It is about traffic. What is “sign” in Turkish? It is “işaret, tabela, levha” in Turkish. Tick (v): işaretle, mark Tick the word The word you hear (kelime sen duyarsın Duyduğun kelime) The book you read (kitap sen okursun Okuduğun kitap) The computer you use (bilgisayar sen kullanırsın Kullandığın bilgisayar)

20. The WORD you hear (duyduğun kelime) Tick THE WORD you hear (duyduğun kelimeyi işaretle) Tick the one you hear (Duyduğunu işaretle) Tick the WORDS You hear Tick the ones you hear

21. A: I like those pens. B: Which ONES? (pens) A: I like that pen? B: Which ONE? (pen) A: Do you know the man over there? B: Which ONE? (man) A: Do you know the mEn over there? B: Which ONES? (mEn)

22. A: I can’t find the pencil. B: Which ONE? (pencil) A: I can’t find the pencils. B: Which ONES? (pencils)

23. A: I can’t find the shirt. B: Which ONE? (shirt) A: I can’t find the shirtS. B: Which ONES? (shirts) A: I can’t understand the question. B: Which ONE? (question) A: I can’t understand the questionS. B: Which ONES? (questions)

24. A:Look at the girl over there. B: Which ONE? A: The tall ONE. (GIRL) A: Bring those boxes HERE. (getir) B: Which ONES? A: The big ONES. (boxes) A: Don’t eat that cake. B: Which one. (cake) A: The ONE on the plate. (cake)

25. A: Which CAR is Ali’s car? A: Which ONE is Ali’s car? B: The grey ONE. (car) A: Which shoes are your shoes? A: Which ONES are your shoes? B: The black ONES. (shoes)

26. You CAN stop here. You can’t stop here. You can go. You can’t go. You can turn left. You can’t turn left.

27. CAN: -e bilir, -a bilir CAN STOP: DurABİLİR The driver can stop. The driver can go. The driver can turn left. The driver can turn right. The driver CAN’T park. The driver CAN’T turn left. The driver CAN’T turn right. The driver CAN’T enter.

28. I love you, SO you can’t go away. I like fishing, SO I go fishing. Ali is ill, SO he can’t come to school today. They are rich, SO they can help you. They know English, SO they can read the text. This is my pen, SO you can’t use it. There is traffic jam, SO you can’t drive fast. SO : bu yüzden, bundan dolayı, bu nedenle

29. He is short, SO he can’t play basketball. They are clever, SO they can solve the problem. Ali is strong, SO he can carry the box. There is traffic jam, SO you can’t arrive home in time.

30. I love you, SO you can’t go away. You can’t go away because I love you. I like fishing, SO I go fishing. I go fishing because I like fishing. Ali is ill, SO he can’t come to school today. Ali can’t come to school today because he is ill. SO + BECAUSE Sentence structures

31. They are rich, SO they can help you. They can help you because they are rich. They know English, SO they can read the text. They can read the text because they know English. This is my pen, SO you can’t use it. You can’t use the pen because it is my pen. There is a traffic jam, SO you can’t drive fast. You can’t drive fast because there is a traffic jam. SO + BECAUSE Sentence structures

32. He is short, SO he can’t play basketball. He can’t play basketball BECAUSE he is short. They are clever, SO they can solve the problem. They can solve the problem BECAUSE they are clever. Ali is strong, SO he can carry the box. Ali can carry the box because he is strong. There is traffic jam, SO you can’t arrive home in time. You can’t arrive home in time BECAUSE there is a traffic jam.

33. Centre Town centre in the town centre I am new here. I am a foreigner here. Traffic rules are the same. They are the same. They are the same ALL OVER THE COUNTRY. in the country All over the world in the world Rule (n) = law

34. Here is your driving licence. Here is your ticket. Attention (n): dikkat PAY attention (v): dikkat ET NEXT: bir sonraki, öteki, diğeri Next time: bir dahaki sefere There is A CAR PARK near here. Is there A CAR PARK near here? Yes, there is ONE on Yalı Street.

35. Page: 26 IN THE CITY CENTRE A road This road OF: -nın, -nin OF this road OF the car OF the house The end OF this road The door OF the car The roof OF the house

36. QUESTIONS 1.Has the driver got a driving licence? 2.Has the driver got a flying licence? 3.Has the driver got a flying or driving licence? 4.Who has got a driving licence? 5.What has the driver got? 6.Can the driver drive over 50 kph in the town centre? 7.Can the driver drive over 90 kph out of the town centre? 8.HOW FAST can the driver drive in the town centre? 9.HOW FAST can the driver drive out of the town centre? 10.Are the traffic rules the same all over the country? 11.WHAT are the same all over the country? 12.Traffic rules are the same all over the country, aren’t THEY? 13. Can the driver park his car in the car park? 14.Why can’t the driver park his car in the car park? 15.What can the driver DO in the car park? 16. Who can park his car in a car park?

37. The driver CAN’T make a U – turn. What can’t the driver DO? He can’t make a U – turn.

38. The driver CAN’T go. What can’t the driver DO? He can’t go.

39. The driver CAN’T enter. What can’t the driver DO? He can’t enter.

40. I can drive at the speed of 60 Kilometres Per Hour. (kph) in the town centre. What can you DO? I can drive at the speed of 60 kilometres per hour in the town centre.

41. The driver CAN’T enter. What CAN’T the driver DO? He can’t enter. (enter=go in) He can’t go in that direction.

42. The driver CAN’T turn right. What can’t the driver do? He can’t turn right.

43. The driver CAN’T turn left. What CAN’T the driver DO? He can’t turn left.

44. The driver CAN’T honk. (toot) What CAN’T the driver DO? He can’t honk.

45. What CAN’T a driver do? He can’t honk. A driver can’t honk.

46. What CAN’T a driver do? He can’t turn left. A driver can’t turn left.

47. What CAN’T a driver do? He can’t turn right. A driver can’t turn right.

48. A driver can drive at the speed of 50 kilometres an hour. What can a driver do? He can drive at the speed of FIFTY kilometres an hour. Kilometres Per HOUR / Kph

49. A driver can carry 5 tons. What can a driver do? He can carry 5 tons.

50. A driver can’t go ahead. What can’t a driver do? He can’t go ahead.

51. A driver can’t go on, he must give way. What can’t a driver do? He can’t go on.

52. Pedestrian: yaya Pedestrians: yayalar Pedestrians can’t use that road. What can’t pedestrians do? They can’t use that road.

53. You can’t turn right. What can’t you do? I can’t turn right. It is prohibited.

54. A driver can’t overtake. What can’t a driver do? He can’t over take. Overtake: (taşıtı) sollamak

55. A cyclist can not enter. What can’t a cyclist do? He can’t enter that road.

56. A driver can’t toot. What can’t a driver do? He can’t TOOT. Toot (v): kornayı, düdüğü, boruyu çalmak

57. What can’t you do when you see this sign? I can’t park my car when I see this sign.

58. What can A CYCLIST do when he sees This sign? He can use that road.

59. What can a driver do when he sees this sign? He can park his car there when he sees that sign.

60. Restriction: kısıtlama, sınırlama There are not any restriction. There are NO restriction.

61. The light is green. Işık (trafik) yeşildir. WHEN the light is green, (Trafik ışığı yeşil olduğu zaman,) What can a driver do? What can a driver do when the light is green? He can go.

62. He sees this sign. When he sees this sign, What CAN a driver do when he sees this sign? (turn right) He can turn right.

63. Just a moment = wait a moment = wait a minute Don’t you see? Don’t you understand? Don’t you love? Don’t you see the sign? Don’t you understand me? Don’t you understand the subject?

64. Drive (v) Drive FAST DON’T drive fast. Shout (v) DON’T shout WATCH OUT (v): izle dışarı dışarıyı izle DİKKAT ET (sağına soluna bak) Right now: immediately, at once Hemen, şimdi

65. Page: 27 READ THE TEXTS and MATCH them with the pictures. There are SOME traffic problems in New York. Are there ANY traffic problems in New York? There are not ANY traffic problems in New York. You can drive fast. During: boyunca, süresince, esnasında During the lesson During the holiday Rush hours: işe giriş-çıkış saatleri mesainin başlangıç ve bitiş saatleri DURING the rush hours

66. Strict (adj): sert, katı, kuralcı He is a strict teacher. (O sert bir öğretmendir.)

67. He is short, SO he can’t play basketball. They are clever, SO they can solve the problem. Ali is strong, SO he can carry the box. There is traffic jam, SO you can’t arrive home in time. So: bu yüzden, bu sebeple, bundan dolayı

68. Because: çünkü You can’t break the rules because police officers and cameras are everywhere. Police officers and cameras are everywhere so you can’t break the rules. You can’t ride fast because it is not polite. It is not polite SO you can’t ride fast. You can’t arrive home in time because there is a traffic jam. There is a traffic jam SO you can’t arrive home in time.

69. Traffic New York traffic OF New York traffic The good part OF New York traffic Books Books ON THE TABLE Cars Cars in the park Student Student AT THE BOARD Traffic in India Cities in Turkey Houses in Kastamonu Enjoyable (adjective): hoş, tatlı,zevkli, eğlenceli Enjoyable = pleasing, delightful

70. A street streetS ON the streets

71. A LOT OFa: bir çok b: çok A LOT OFa: COUNTABLE (Sayılabilen) b: UNcountable (Sayılamayan) A LOT OFa: a lot of bookS a lot of catS a lot of fish a lot of mEn a lot of children Bir çok kitap (LAR) Bir çok kedi Bir çok balık Bir çok adam Bir çok çocuk COUNTABLE COUNTABLE / plural

72. a lot of bookS a lot of catS a lot of fish a lot of mEn a lot of children COUNTABLE nouns / P L U R A L SAYILABİLEN isimler her zaman Ç O Ğ U L. There ARE a lot of BOOKS on the table. There ARE a lot of FISH in the lake. There ARE a lot of CHILDREN in the class.

73. A LOT OFa: bir çok b: çok A LOT OFa: Countable (Sayılabilen) b: UNCOUNTABLE (Sayılamayan) A LOT OFb: UNCOUNTABLE (Sayılamayan) a lot of water a lot of money a lot of sugar a lot of honey a lot of milk Çok su Çok para Çok şeker Çok bal Çok süt UNCOUNTABLE Sayılamayan isim

74. There are a lot of cars in the car park. There are a lot of students in the class. There are a lot of mEn in the room. There are a lot of fish in the lake.

75. A lot of water A lot of money A lot of honey A lot of milk A lot of sugar UNCOUNTABLE nouns / S I N G U L A R SAYILAMAYAN isimler her zaman T E K İ L D İ R. There IS a lot of WATER in the glass. There IS a lot of MONEY in her purse. There IS a lot of HONEY in the dish.

76. There is a lot of water in the bottle. There is a lot of money in her purse. There is a lot of sugar in the cup.

77. Page: 27 b/3 CYCLE (v): bisiklete binmek Cycle (v) = ride a bicycle A cyclist: bisikletçi, motosikletçi cyclistS Everywhere Here x there Everywhere here

78. Cyclists are everywhere here. Cyclists are everywhere here in Beijing. People are on their bicycles. Men are on their bicycles. Children are on their bicycles. EVEN business people are on their bicycles

79. It is dangerous to ride a bicycle without a helmet. (-sız, -siz) (kask) It is dangerous to go there alone. (yalnız) It is dangerous to swim here. It is dangerous to drive fast.

80. It is dangerous FOR US to ride bicycle without a helmet. It is dangerous FOR ALİ to go there alone. (him) It is dangerous FOR THE CHILDREN to swim here. (them) It is dangerous FOR ALİ and YOU to drive fast. (you)

81. You can see A LOT OF carS on the streets. Can you see MANY carS on the streets ? You can not see MANY carS on the streets. A lot of = many + much (+) (-,?) (-,?) Many flowerS (bir çok çiçek) Much water (çok su) A lot of flowerS (Bir çok çiçek) A lot of water (Çok su)

82. There are A LOT OF truckSon the streets. Are three MANY truckS on the streets ? There are not MANY truckS on the streets.

83. There is A LOT OF water in the glass. Is there MUCH water in the glass? There is not MUCH water in the glass.

84. A lot of=many+much Bir çokbir çokçok Çok + a lot of penSbir çok kalem /çoğul + a lot of waterçok su /tekil -,?many pensbir çok kalem / çoğul -,?much waterçok su /tekil

85. +a lot of carSbir çok araba /çoğul +a lot of peoplebir çok insan +a lot of childrenbir çok çocuk +a lot of fishbir çok balık -, ?many carSbir çok araba /çoğul -, ?many peoplebir çok insan -, ?many childrenbir çok çocuk -, ?many fishbir çok balık

86. + a lot of waterçok su + a lot of moneyçok para + a lot of sugarçok şeker +a lot of honeyçok bal + a lot of milkçok süt -, ? Much waterçok su -, ? Much moneyçok para -, ? Much sugarçok şeker -, ? Much honeyçok bal -, ? Much milkçok süt

87. There are NOT any rules for trucks. NO There are NO rules for trucks. have notany I have not got any money. I have got NO money.

88. Reading / speaking I can see an accident in the picture. Can you see an accident in the picture? What can you see in the picture? Where can you see an accident? Order Correct order in the correct order Crash Crash in Arizona

89. Noise That noise That terrible noise What is that terrible noise? Man That man That handsome man Who is that handsome man?

90. I think: Sanırım / bence I think he loves you. I think Ali will come. I think you will pass. I think you are right. I think there is a traffic accident.

91. Lunch (n) Have lunch (v) A bath Have a bath A shower Have a shower Look (v) A look (n) Have a look Let’s go Let’s speak LET’S HAVE A LOOK

92. Can I use……………………………? “Kullanabilir miyim? Can I use your calculator? Can I use your computer? Can I use your pen?

93. Can I use……………………………? “Kullanabilir miyim? Yes, you can. Yes, of course Yes, (of course) you can. No, you can’t. No, (I am afraid) you can’t. Sure = of course: elbette

94. Can I use……………………………? “Kullanabilir miyim?” Can I use your calculator? Yes, you can. Can I use your computer? No, I am afraid you can’t. Can I use your pen? Sure.

95. Dial (v) = phone (v) = telephone (v) = ring (v) Hurry up = be quick; acele et, çabuk ol

96. Conscious x UNconscious There is SOMEBODY in the car. Is there ANYBODY in the car? There is not ANYBODY in the car. Is there anybody ELSE in the car?

104. He is conscious. These people are UNconscious.

105. She is CONSCIOUS

106. An injury AN injured turtle

108. çarpışma Crash (v) (araba, vb.) gürültüyle çarpmak

116. Rush hours

123. A parking PLACE

124. A traffic officer

125. (Congestion) a traffic jam.

126. Congestion on a city road in Moscow. a traffic jam.