1. Personal Pronouns São usados como sujeito da oração. SingularPlural I, You, He, She, It We, You, TheyWe, You, They Stella is a new classmate. She is eleven years old. Stella is a new classmate. She is eleven years old. Jill and Jessica are English. They are nice girls. Jill and Jessica are English. They are nice girls. 3

2. AffirmativeNegativeInterrogativeShort answers I am (I’m) late.I am not (I’m not) late.Am I late?Yes, you are. No, you aren’t. You are (You’re) Brazilian.You are not (You aren’t) Brazilian.Are you Brazilian?Yes, I am. No, I’m not. He is (He’s) at home.He is not (He isn’t) at homeIs he at home?Yes, he is. No, he isn’t. She is (She’s) happy.She is not (She isn’t) happy.Is she happy?Yes, she is. No, she isn’t. It is (It’s) cold today.It is not (It isn’t) cold today.Is it cold today?Yes, it is. No, it isn’t. We are (We’re) right.We are not (We aren’t) right.Are we right?Yes, you are. No, you aren’t. They are (They’re) twelve.They are not (They aren’t) twelve.Are they twelve?Yes, they are. No, they aren’t. Verb to be

3. Demonstrative Pronouns Usamos os Demonstrative Pronouns para falar de algo ou alguém que está próximo ou distante. SingularPlural this (este, esta, isto)these (estes, estas) This is my pencil case.These are my pens. that (aquele, aquela, aquilo)those (aqueles, aquelas) That is my backpack.Those are my books.

4. HowHow oldWho A: How are you today? B: I’m very happy! A: How old is your mom? B: She is 40 years old. A: Who is he? B: His name’s Mr. Rodriguez. He’s the school principal.

5. Genitive Case Usamos ’s para indicar a quem algo pertence. This is Maria’s pencil case. Susan is Dean’s cousin. Atenção! Após palavras no plural terminadas em s, usamos apenas ’. This is my parents’ car. Após nomes próprios terminados em s, usamos ’s. That is James’s grandfather.