1. Influence of conservation tillage and nutrient rate on the internal Fusarium infection of winter wheat Attila Stingli Szent István University, Institute of Crop Production, Gödöllő Dr. Árpád Bokor University of Kaposvár, Faculty of Animal Science, Kaposvár Mária Kondor-Jakab Central Agricultural Office, Budapest

2. The aim of the research  Investigate the effects of different conservation tillage methods and nutrient rates on the internal Fusarium infection of winter wheat

3. The soil tillage experiment  Place: SZIE GAK Kht. Józsefmajor Experimental and Training Farm  Date of setting up: Sep. 2002  Area of investigated plots: 273 m 2 (13 m x 21 m) x 24 ∑ 6552 m 2 ∑ 6552 m 2

4. Tillage methods:  Ploughing 26-32 cm (control)  Direct-drilling  Shallow cultivation 12-16 cm  Mulch-leaving cultivation 16-20 cm  Shallow disking 16-20 cm  Loosening + disking 40-45 cm + 16-20 cm

5. Stingli A. Ploughing Cultivator Stingli A. Nitrogen 2XNitrogen 3X

6. 3 X 2 X 1 X 0 X 3 X 2 X 1 X 0 X 1.2.3.4. Layout of the experiment 2006, Józsefmajor 0X=0 kg N a. s. 1X=34 kg N a. s. 2X=68 kg N a. s. 3X=102 kg N a. s. 166,4 m 2 0, 8 m D SCSC DSDS MCMC P LDLD P SCSC LDLD MCMC DSDS D MCMC LDLD DSDS DP SCSC LDLD D MCMC SCSC DSDS P 13 m 21 m

7. Circumstances  Fertilizing: 22nd March, 2006. (3x, 2x,1x, 0x)  Precipitation: March 60 mm April 35 mm May 110 mm June 92 mm 5th year of winter wheat monoculture, catch crops (pea, mustard, rye)

8. Precipitation in May-June, 2005-2006 (OMSZ) May 2005 Scale: 30-150 mm Ave.:50-70 mm Diff.:-10-15% June 2005 Scale: 20-160 mm Ave.: 60-80 mm Diff.:-25-30% May 2006 Scale: 60-180 mm Ave.: 80-100 mm Diff.:+ 5% June 2006 Scale: 60-200 mm Ave.: 100-120 mm Diff.: +20%

9. Phytopathological investigation  prior to harvest 20-20 ears/plot, threshing  100-100 seeds/plot (∑ 2400 seeds)  Laboratory of Phytopathology of former National Institute for Agricultural Quality Control, („OMMI”)  filter paper-frosting method (ISTA)

10.  previous to investigation seeds have been disinfected with 2% NaHCl solution  seeds have been placed into Petri dishes containing three plies of wet filter paper after a thorough rinse with distilled water Stingli

11.  3 days of dark incubation at 20°C, 5 hours of dark incubation at -20°C and 7 days of 20°C incubation under alternating lighting followed Jakabné

12.  infection: when conidia embedded into the mycelium occurred Stingli

13. Results  the effect of tillage method and N rate, and interactions were investigated  treatment means were compared using alpha of 0.05 for significance in Tukey post hoc test SAS 9.1 (2004) program STAT module

14. Results  interaction of nitrogen rate and tillage method was not significant (P=0.1223)  nitrogen rate did not affect the internal Fusarium-infection of seeds significantly (P=0.7805)  tillage method influenced Fusarium- infection (P=0.0020)

15. Results Table 1.: Means and standard deviation (std) for different tillage methods by Tukey grouping. Means with the same lower-case letter are not significantly different (P < 0.05). Tillage methodnMean ± std D813,00 ± 3.85 a MC811,00 ± 3.42 ab L+D88,87 ± 2.99 ab SCSC812,25 ± 3.37 a P811,87 ± 3.94 a D86,00 ± 2.26 b

16. Results

17. Fusarium infection of winter wheat seeds at harvest (Pest County, 2005-2006) Dr. Attila Cs. Tóth – Agricultural Office of Budapest and Pest County, Gödöllő

18. Summary  tillage method had significant effect on internal Fusarium-infection  beneficial biological effect of disking under certain conditions might be presumed  investigations are to be continued on Fusarium selective medium

19. Acknowledgements  Dr. Prof. Márta Birkás, sustaining field experiment  Mária Kondor-Jakab and Dr. Pál Békési, phytopathological evaluation  Dr. Árpád Bokor, statistical analysis This research is supported by the Hungarian National Scientific Foundation (OTKA-49.049 and F046.670), KLIMA-05 and NKFP-6/00079/2005 programs and SZIE GAK Kht. Józsefmajor Experimental and Training Farm

20. Thank you for your attention!