1. Andes Music and Debussy

2. Music of The Andes
Ecuador

4. Demographics Ethnicities: Andean Indian (Incan decent), Spanish
Religions: Roman Catholic, Catholicism blended with local tradition
Languages: -Spanish (official),-Amerindian languages (especially Quechua)
Population: million

5. Inca Influence Began in Cuzco, Peru, in the 1100s
Empire stretched down the coast along the Andes Mt.
Civilization was ended in the mid 1500s by the Spanish who were looking for gold.
Ultimately stretched from top of Ecuador down to bottom of Chile.

6. Inca Culture Religion: pantheistic
“Spartan” Art. Valued functionality over esthetics
Kingdom was widely spread. Culture varies.
Like their tapestries: each are slightly different with unique traits woven in.
No written records. History is all oral.

7. Religion in Ecuador
Like much of S. America, Catholicism becomes “synchronized” with local traditions and indigenous customs
Roman Catholic 95%, other 5%
Andean music plays a large part in religion, tying old traditions in with the Spanish-brought Catholicism.

8. Recourses Ecuador contains 42 species of bamboo
Bamboo located around tree line on mountains.
Armadillo

9. The Andes

10. My father
Me free-climbing Pinchincha
Valcano
My parents

11. Peak of Mt Chimborazo is the furthest point from the earth’s core.
Weather in the mountains changes rapidly.

12. Groupos Andinos

13. Instruments
Charango
Bombo
Quena
Zampoña
Guitar

14. Charango Evolved from the Spanish guitar 5 pairs of strings
Tuned to an Am7 chord, or gg, cc, eE, aa, ee.
Originally made from Armadillos

15. Quena

16. Pan Flute or Zampoña
Vary in size from a few cm to a meter, allowing for wide pitch range.
Tuned to the G scale.
Dates back 5,000 years
Sound reflects Mt. wind.

17. San Juanito

18. Music Theory In 4/4 duple time. Solid 106 bpm tempo Key of G (or Em)
Using primarily G Major (E minor)pentatonic scale
Repeated melodies and themes

19. Song consists of two chords: Em and G
Song consists of two chords: Em and G. Melody carried primarily by zampoña and the quena.

20. Music Reflects Heritage
History of people unclear, only oral.
Myth and fact blend and mix
Music built on the simplicity and familiarity of the pentatonic scale. People’s tradition is old and familiar, retold.
Flutes and trills swell and fade, like stories and myths amid reality.

21. Sound reflects Environment
A song is lengthy, moves easily, subtly from one section to another. Reflects weather and “seasons.”
Airy flutes emulate winds.
Tinkle of Charango’s double strings imitates sound of water.
Quena mimics bird’s singing
Overall lack of breaks and stoppage in songs reflects pace and flow of society and region.

22. Music in Culture Dance music often does not have lyrics
Mood of music primarily melancholy. Subjects include death, lost love, loneliness, but all embrace tradition
Andean music dismissed by younger generation, following instead western music.

23. Claude Debussy French Impressionist Composer
*(sexy pose courtesy of Claude Debussy)

24. Claude Debussy Life 1962-1918, residing primarily in France
Entered the Paris Conservatory at the age of ten.
Traveled as a teacher through Europe and Russia.
At 22 he won the Prix de Rome, a competition for composers.

25. His Music
Considered French music to serve primarily on the “sensuous plane”
"The primary aim of French music is to give pleasure.“
This idea lead him away from traditional music theory (i.e. alternate scales, harmonies, and structure)

26. Debussy’s Influences Writer and poet Edger Allen Poe
Oriental and Russian Music
German Romantic composer Richard Wagner ( ). Imitated his styles and moods, but not his flambunctuality. Debussy was more subtle.

27. Prelude to the Afternoon of a Faun Written 1894

29. Background of Prelude Based of a poem by French poet Stéphane Mallarmé
Portrays the thoughts and dreams of a Faun. The faun plays a flute.

30. Music Theory No continious beat or pulse; swells and falls.
Chromaticism: moving by half steps, free from the traditional church modes.
Somewhat ambiguous melodic lines serve to paint a bigger mood and feeling, as apposed to conveying ideas through individual melodic lines.
Thru-composed. Builds up then fades away.

31. ¿What’s a French Impressionist got in common with Incan Tradition?

32. Andean Music and Impressionism
Impressionistic music uses “clusters” of notes to “paint” a picture
Similarly, Andean music layers rhythms and melodies
Andean music “paints a picture” of the Andes by utilizing instruments that portray aspects of it.

33. Mood and Effect
The Prelude contains an air of uncertainty and “drifting;” unpredictability not found in Andean music.
Piece lacks concrete theme; the overall mood and feeling of the piece becomes the “theme.”
However, both convey an overarching setting and picture.
In a sense, the music of the Andes becomes “impressionistic.” It conveys the and spirit of the altiplano.

34. Instrumentation Opening flute compares to the sound of the quena.
The gentle harp relates to the Charango.
Piece contains no brass instruments, like Andean music.

35. Bottom Line
The music of Claude Debussy and the Andes, while composed using different instruments, both serve to echo the culture and feelings of their respective authors, yet differ as the work of Debussy breaks free from tradition while Andean music embraces its ancestry.

36. Work Cited
Andean tribes
Incan Religion
Instruments
composers of the 20th century
Mp3s
Instuments l
zampoñas
Debussy Bio
Chords
Prelude analysis
Debussy Bio
Debussy Photo
Andes of Ecuador

37. Media Preparations
1. Opening Quena: (Stop at 0:22!)
2. San Juanito:
3. Dancing with live band:
Vasijo de Varro
4. Prelude:
5. San Juanito 2: