1. The Effect of Low water temperature on the Behavior of Fish A Study on Fish Behavior.

2. Introduction The Goldfish (Carassius auratus) has a behavior that can be properly adapted while at oxygenated waters and at a stable temperature within the water, approximately 20 C – 30 C, due to the fact they are cold-blooded creatures. There are three factors that are the reason behind the affected temperatures of the ocean waters. Insolation, where sun exposure is widely varied and heat transfers toward the ocean causing an increase in temperature. Current, it is the speed at which water moves from warmer to colder regions or vice versa. Another effect that supports this is the Coriolis effect, where it is a deflection of moving objects viewed by a rotating reference frame, and Salinity, fresh water from precipitation, rivers, streams, etc. stays on the top of water with higher salinity that is denser. These three factors are the reason behind what is called the Thermohaline Circulation, a circulation that takes up nearly two millenia to cycle the ocean water, everywhere. This will test the adaption of fish when they encounter any of these factors in any of the ocean waters.

3. Objective This study aims to answer the question: 1.Does the temperature of the water affect the behavior of the fish?

4. Materials 3 Fish (Goldfish) Thermometer Filter Water for container A Water for container B 105 g of Ice Two Containers

5. Method/Procedure 1.Two clean containers were prepared in the experiment, one container(Container A), was filled with Tap Water, and the other container(Container B), was filled with normal water. Both measured at 400mL. 2.105g of ice was placed in Container B, using the thermometer, the researcher put it in Container B, and waited for a duration of one minute to check on the thermometer to see a change in temperature. 3.The fishes were placed in both containers. To be specific, one fish was placed in Container A, and the other fish was placed in Container B. The third fish was also placed in Container A, even though the experiment only needed two samples, the third fish was for sure closure in this experiment. 4.The behavior of both fishes were observed during the duration of a 5-minutes time interval, after which the researchers recorded the following events in each five minute interval. Which started from the time when the fishes were placed in the container until the time the second fish has adapted to its new environment.

6. Hypothesis 1.There is a significant difference between the low temperature and the normal temperature of the water in the behavior of the fish. 2.There is no significant difference between the low temperature and the normal temperature of the water in the behavior of the fish.

7. Result Fish (Container n) Duration before Behavior Change (min:sec:msec) Status (Alive, Dead, Adapted, Statsis, Paralyzed, Sick) Fish in Tap Water (Container A) N/AAlive Fish in Cold Water (Container B) 18:12:07Adapted (New Cold Water Environment)

8. Discussion The result shows that the behavior of fish depends on the temperature of the water they are living in. 105 grams of ice was put to the 400mL of water with the temperature at 14 C. The ice melted and the water rises to 450mL but the temperature remains unchanged (14 C). In another containter the oxygenated water was 400mL and the temperature is at 28.5 C. After the fish was placed in ice water, the behavior of that fish was already going wild within its new environment. For the first 5 minutes, the fish sort of swims sideways, it eventually shivers and sinks to the bottom, while sinking he slows down and reactively swims fast out of action. For the next 5 minutes, the fish faints, once the glass was tapped, it had an abnormal reaction because his sight and sense were also abnormal.

9. Another 5 minutes passed, the fish started to defecate, it swims slowly and then develops its adaption to its cold environment. At an interval of 12-15 minutes, the temperature of the Ice Water rose to 16 C from its previous temperature, 14 C. In exactly 18:12:07 The fish finally adapts to its environment but its behavior has changed because of the existing temperature.

10. CONCLUSION Therefore, the fish did not die in the water at low temperature but its behavior changes from its original state, but in different situations and sudden changes in temperature (high or low temperature) will the fish either die or have sudden confusion. There is a significant difference between the low temperature and the normal temperature of the water in the behavior of the fish.

11. References Operculum Movement (http://science.jrank.org/pages/5841/Respiratory-System- Repiratory-system-fish.html)http://science.jrank.org/pages/5841/Respiratory-System- Repiratory-system-fish.html Fish Structure and Function (http://www.biology- resources.com/fish-01.html)http://www.biology- resources.com/fish-01.html Behavior of Goldfish, and eutrophication coming from the main site: (http://www.Wikipedia.org/)http://www.Wikipedia.org/

12. Thanks for Listening Group IV IV – Darwin Dini Daw Mangacop Estela Marie Orzales Wingell Niadas Darrlo Silay