1. Quiz
When toilet training, it’s important to stay _______ and ___________.
Children can drown in as little as ____ inch of water.
What are sphincter muscles?
__________ experiences during the day can cause children to feel insecure at night.
You should introduce new foods to children every 3 days. TRUE or FALSE
What would be a good shape of food for a child to be served?
Children start dressing themselves at 5 years of age.
At what age to little kids learn how to eat with a fork and feed themselves?
What are 2 out of the 3 most important characteristics in choosing children’s clothing?

2. Answers Calm and encouraging 1 inch
The muscles that control elimination
Emotional
FALSE – 4 days
Star
FALSE
Two years of age
Clothing should be:
Comfortable
Durable
Economic

3. Emotional Development
From 1 – 3

4. Emotional Patterns Emotional development tends to go in cycles.
Periods of Negativism, Rebellion, Happiness, Calm and Stability
*Remember* Every child is an individual and may or may not
Go through the same stages at the same time

5. 18 Months
SELF-CENTERED
Begin to learn that not all needs will be met immediately (or ever)
Love the word “No”
Negativism

6. NEGATIVISM Doing the opposite of what others want.
Why do toddlers do this?
Want to be independent and do things their way.
Frustration
Realize they are their own person

7. WHAT DO YOU DO ABOUT IT? POSITIVE GUIDANCE Give choices
Redirect the child
Encourage talking

8. TEMPER TANTRUMS
Releasing anger or frustration by screaming, crying, kicking, pounding, and sometimes holding his or her breath.
May occur until age 3 or 4
What can you do when an child throws a tantrum?

9. REMAIN CALM!!!
Ignore the tantrum if it’s occurring in the home and the child can’t hurt himself
If in public move the child to a quiet spot to cool down or take the child home.

10. CASE STUDY #1
Renee was shopping in the supermarket with her father. When her father said he would not buy some candy she wanted, Renee began to have a tantrum. Her father then put the candy in the shopping cart. What problems might this action cause?

11. 2 years old More in control of emotions
Fewer outbursts that are less intense
Can express love and affection
Seeks approval and praise
Less self-centered

12. JUST WHEN YOU THINK YOU ARE SAFE ….

13. TERRIBLE TWOS!!!!

14. 2 and one-half years old Child enters another difficult stage
May seem MORE difficult than 18 months
Feel overwhelmed
Desires exceed physical abilities
FRUSTRATION!!!

15. 2 and one-half years old Need consistency!!
Same routine, same way, every day
Helps them cope and feel secure

16. DRIVE FOR INDEPENDENCE
Resists pressure to conform
Sensitive about being “bossed around”
Stubborn, demanding, domineering
Fast changing moods
Alternates with dependency
REMEMBER LOVE AND PATIENCE!!!!

17. 3 years old Sunny and cooperative
More physically capable and less frustrated
CRAVE praise and affection so modify behavior to win it from others
Like to talk

18. 3 and one-half years old Insecure Fears are common
May be scared of things that were not scary before
May start thumb sucking, nail biting, stuttering, or nose picking to relieve tension

19. SPECIFIC EMOTIONS Anger Three year olds less likely to kick or hit
May name call, pout or scold
Aim anger at a person or object
Usually temporary due to sickness, hunger, frustration, tiredness, etc.
Respond in a controlled way.

20. Biting and Hitting Can be a serious situation
Tell child this is inappropriate and physical attacks hurt others
DO NOT TRY TO DO THIS MID-TANTRUM
Provide a safe substitute like a cloth to bite on or a pillow to hit

21. SPECIFIC EMOTIONS Fear One year: high places, strangers, loud noises
Three years: the dark, animals, storms
Some fears are useful
Can sometimes be triggered by parent

22. Dealing with Fears Offer support Encourage talk and listen seriously
Accept fear and avoid child forcing to confront it. It will go away on it’s own
Read books about children who experience fear

23. Dealing with Fears Make unfamiliar situations more secure.
Discuss new experiences and events in advance
Teach the child how to control the situation

24. SEPARATION ANXIETY
Fear of being away from parents, family caregivers and the normal environment.
How can you deal with separation anxiety?
Spend time with child before leaving
Explain you will be back
Say good-bye and leave quickly

25. SPECIFIC EMOTIONS Jealousy Peaks at age 3
May be jealous of parents showing affection to each other

26. SIBLING RIVALRY
Competition between brothers or sisters for parents’ affection and attention
Comes with birth of new baby
May show off, misbehave or revert to baby-like behaviors to get attention

27. What to do? Make sure each child knows they are loved and appreciated
Set aside time with each child individually
Avoid making comparing comments
Do not accept tattling

28. SPECIFIC EMOTIONS Love and affection Young children must learn to love
Comes first for those satisfying physical needs.
Then includes siblings, pets, and other people outside the home.
Keep relationships strong but not smothering

29. SPECIFIC EMOTIONS Empathy Ability to put oneself in another’s place
Although self-centered begin to understand their actions can hurt others between months
Teach children to apologize and take steps to make the wronged person feel better

30. REMEMBER: Every child is different
Temperament also must be taken into account.

31. Positive Self Concept Self-concept: How one see’s oneself
Child forms this in response to actions, attitudes and comments of others
Parents have the strongest influence on self-concept
Children believe what they hear

32. Develop a Positive Self-Concept
Tell the child they are good
Give children chance to explore and practice skills
Do not praise child and then correct what they have done

33. Social Development
From 1 - 3

34. General Social Patterns
SOCIALIZATION: Process of learning to get along with other people

35. 18 months Closest relationships are with family members Parallel play
Play independently near, but not actually with, another child.

36. 2 years old
Excellent at understanding and interacting with her main caregiver
Like to please others

37. 2 and one-half years old
May refuse to do things for one person but not for another
Can respond to the idea of fairness

38. 3 years old People are important
Share, help, do things another person’s way just to please
Cooperative play
Actually playing with another child
Parents no longer “all-powerful”

39. 3 and one-half years old More complex play More conversation
Disagreements with playmates occur less
Must learn to share
Compare themselves to other children

40. MAKING FRIENDS Important to normal social development
Helps learn give-and-take of socializing
If unable or unwilling to make friends, try to find the cause
Those who are only with adults may have difficulty interacting with peers

41. IMAGINARY FRIENDS
Some have the same friend for a long period—several months to a year
Can start as early as age 2
Can help child experiment with different feelings
Usually fade away

42. GUIDING TODDLERS Be clear and specific Limit the instructions
Use positive words
Avoid Don’t
Keep it simple
Be firm

43. Promoting Sharing
Lead children to activities in which they need to share or take turns
Limit materials so sharing is required
Use children to pass out food or materials so they have opportunity to share
Make clear what you are encouraging

44. In the case of a “special” toy
In the case of a “special” toy. It may be easier to put this toy away during play dates.

45. Encouraging Independence
Self-Feeding
Self-Dressing
Grooming Skills
Helping Others

46. Assignment: Article Reviews
Search through the “Today’s Parent” magazines for 2 articles on the topics we covered in Social and Emotional Development. Look for articles that cover the topic of:

47. Article Review General Emotional Patterns Negativism
Desire for independence
Frustration
Positive Guidance
Handling Temper Tantrums
Anger
Biting and Hitting
Fear
Jealousy (Sibling Rivalry)
Love and Affection
Empathy
Developing a Positive Self-Concept
Socialization
Parallel Play
Cooperative Play
Patterns of talking
Making Friends
Imaginary Friends
Guiding Toddlers
Toddler’s Behavior
Promoting Sharing

48. Assignment
These articles should all be referring to Toddlers or Preschoolers.
Read and fill-out the one review worksheet per article read.
You only have till the end of class today to get as much done as you can. If you do not finish completely by the end of the class then hand in what you have finished.

50. Assignment:
You have been given an occupation. You must make 1 power point slide (no title pages just 1 slide) about the occupation.

51. Content Title of occupation. Job description and responsibilities
Work environment and hours
Who is suited to this job
What schooling is required

52. Send this to me by 3:15 today at the latest!!!
I will check my to make sure I got it and then compile it into a large group presentation for the whole class.
I will present this to the class so make sure I will be able to understand what you are trying to say.

53. When you are finished …
Go to my website and complete any work you haven’t finished. If you’ve forgotten I can you your missing assignment list.
Any questions?
Go to it!