1. Kampala, Uganda, 23 June 2014 NATIONAL CAMPAIGN TO MEASURE NON-IONIZING RADIATION FROM RADIO INSTALLATIONS DALLY Brice Landry Technical Director VALSCH Consulting Côte d’Ivoire brice.dally@valsch-consulting.ci ITU Regional Standardization Forum for Africa (Kampala, Uganda, 23-25 June 2014)

2. Kampala, Uganda, 23 June 2014 2 CONTENT OF PRESENTATION CONTEXT TERMS OF REFERENCE MISSION OBJECTIVES SCOPE OF ACTIVITY CONDUCTED ANTICIPATED DURATION EXPECTED DELIVERABLES IMPLEMENTATION AND RESULTS OF MISSION CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS

3. Kampala, Uganda, 23 June 2014 3 Within the framework of its control mission and its 2012 activities, ATCI (now restructured to form ARTCI and AIGF pursuant to Decree No. 2012-293 of 21 March 2012 on Telecommunications and Information and Communication Technologies) chose the company VALSCH Consulting to support it in carrying out a National Campaign to Measure Non-Ionizing Radiation from Radio Installations. This presentation provides an overview of the terms of reference of the 2012 measurement campaign and a synthesis of the results obtained. CONTEXT

4. Kampala, Uganda, 23 June 2014 4 TERMS OF REFERENCE MISSION OBJECTIVES Evaluate the levels of exposure of populations to electromagnetic fields; Check the compliance of populations’ exposure levels with normative requirements (exposure limits); Map the field strength levels.

5. Kampala, Uganda, 23 June 2014 5 TERMS OF REFERENCE SCOPE OF ACTIVITY CONDUCTED The mission was dimensioned so as to cover 122 measurement points divided into two (2) groups spread over 22 Côte d’Ivoire communes. Table 1: Distribution of measurement points by group and by commune GROUP I GROUP II NUMBER OF POINTS TOTAL NUMBER OF MEASUREMENT POINTS

6. Kampala, Uganda, 23 June 2014 6 TERMS OF REFERENCE DURATION OF MISSION Eight (08) weeks broken down as follows: Six (06) weeks of research in the field; Two (02) weeks of data processing and analysis. NORMATIVE REFERENCES CENELEC standard (EN 50492): Basic standard for the in-situ measurement of electromagnetic field strength related to human exposure in the vicinity of base stations.

7. Kampala, Uganda, 23 June 2014 7 TERMS OF REFERENCE Figure 1: Flowchart of measurement process Choice of location Analysis of location Global evaluation of exposure Broadband measurement Result of measurement Choice of location Detailed evaluation of exposure Selective measurement Extrapolation Informative evaluation of field strength levels by service Measurement by service integration Determination of measurement uncertainty Elaboration of measurement report <3 V/m <−3 V/m

8. Kampala, Uganda, 23 June 2014 8 TERMS OF REFERENCE International Council on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) guidelines on exposure limits for the general public and workers – 1998. Table 2: Formula for calculating the reference levels set by ICNIRP Frequency range Equivalent plane wave power density Seq (W/m 2 )

9. Kampala, Uganda, 23 June 2014 9 TERMS OF REFERENCE EXPECTED DELIVERABLES Order N°HeadingQuantity 01Site measurement report122 02Mapping of field strength levels 1 03Synthesis report1 Table 3: Summary of expected deliverables

10. Kampala, Uganda, 23 June 2014 10 IMPLEMENTATION AND RESULTS OF MISSION IMPLEMENTATION ORGANIZATION AND WORKING METHOD A steering committee and field follow-up team were established in order to ensure that the mission was carried out in the required manner. Seventeen (17) high-level ressources (engineers, technicians and legal experts) were employed operationally within the framework of this mission.

11. Kampala, Uganda, 23 June 2014 11 IMPLEMENTATION AND RESULTS OF MISSION The ressources worked from 2 January to 26 February 2013 in physical meetings and conference calls, addressing the start-up, progress made, refocusing, and winding up of the mission. SCOPE OF ACTIVITIES CONDUCTED In accordance with the initial distribution in the terms of reference, 122 points were indeed measured.

12. Kampala, Uganda, 23 June 2014 12 IMPLEMENTATION AND RESULTS OF MISSION CHOICE OF MEASUREMENT POINTS  Eligibility conditions 1. Density of radio installations; 2. Sensitivity of location (area of conflict with local populations, school, hospital,….); 3. Busy area; 4. Public accessibility (indoor/outdoor) 5. Global exposure level (> 0,3 V/m). Figure 2: Concept of area and of signage Prohibited area Restricted access area Area open to general public Signage for general public

13. Kampala, Uganda, 23 June 2014 13 IMPLEMENTATION AND RESULTS OF MISSION  Consultation of database Based on ATCI’s distribution of the measurement points over all the communes selected, VALSCH Consulting proceeded as follows: 1. Mapped the location of 3632 multi-technology (GSM, WiMAX and UMTS) radio sites in operation; 2. Identified locations with a high density of radio sites; 3. Divided the mapping up into several areas; 4. Consulted the database of complaints.

14. Kampala, Uganda, 23 June 2014 14 IMPLEMENTATION AND RESULTS OF MISSION  Research (in situ) 1. Visual identification coupled with rapid analysis using broadband field metre for each candidate measurement point; 2. Competitive selection between three (3) candidates per measurement point retained.

15. Kampala, Uganda, 23 June 2014 15 IMPLEMENTATION AND RESULTS OF MISSION Measurement points: Classroom, kindergarten, hospital room, private residence, market, café, public areas Figure 3 : National mapping of measurement sites Figure 4 : Mapping of measurement sites Abidjan district

16. Kampala, Uganda, 23 June 2014 16 IMPLEMENTATION AND RESULTS OF MISSION MEASURING EQUIPMENT Figure 6 : Selective measurement stations Figure 5 : Broadband measurement station

17. Kampala, Uganda, 23 June 2014 17 IMPLEMENTATION AND RESULTS OF MISSION N°DESIGNATIONREFERENCE 1 NBM 550 broadband measurement probe (100 kHz to 6 GHz) 2401/1B_D-0279 and 2402/14B_D- 0024 2SATIMO isotropic probe 100 kHz to 3 GHzTAS_4511_05 3SATIMO isotropic probe 700 MHz to 6 GHzTSEMF26_4712_01 4RF cableCAB _4312_06 5RF switchboxSBOX _4312_05 6PC (INSITE FREE pilot software) + dongleINSITE FREE V1.5.4 7 Spectrum analyserFSH8 by ROHDE & SCHWARZ 8 NOKIA mobile tracker N95 9 GPS positioner RoyalTeklogger 10 Meter 11 Camera NIKON 12 Hygrometer IHM 13 Telemeter BUSHNELL 14 Compass BUSHNELL N°DESIGNATIONREFERENCE 1 NBM 550 broadband measurement probe (100 kHz to 6 GHz) 2401/1B_E-0659 and 2401/14B_D- 0168 2SATIMO isotropic probe 100 kHz to 3 GHzTAS_2611_02 3SATIMO isotropic probe 700 MHz to 6 GHzTSEMF26_2611_02 4RF cableCAB _4312_07 5RF switchboxSBOX _4312_04 6PC (INSITE FREE pilot software) + dongleINSITE FREE V1.5.4 7Spectrum analyserANRITSU MS 2713E 8NOKIA mobile trackerN95 9 GPS positionerGARMIN 10 Meter 11 CameraNIKON 12 HygrometerIHM 13 TelemeterBUSHNELL 14 CompassBUSHNELL Table 4: Composition of measurement chain N°1 Table 5: Composition of measurement chain N°2

18. Kampala, Uganda, 23 June 2014 18 IMPLEMENTATION AND RESULTS OF MISSION PARAMETERIZATION OF STATIONS IN ACCORDANCE WITH CENELEC 50492 Detection mode; Measurement mode; Resolution bandwidth (RBW); Video bandwidth (VBW).

19. Kampala, Uganda, 23 June 2014 19 IMPLEMENTATION AND RESULTS OF MISSION RESULTS In light of the values obtained in the broadband measurements (all below 3 V/m) and in accordance with the measurement process flowchart, no detailed measurement was effected. All the measurements were effected with a view to making an informative evaluation of the field strength levels by service. Thus, the channel power was processed and the equipment de-noised by applying the channel power processing (CPP) formula in Annex D 3.2 to standard EN 50492, whose linear transcription is as follows:

20. Kampala, Uganda, 23 June 2014 20 IMPLEMENTATION AND RESULTS OF MISSION In which [(Fmax-Fmin)/((Number of points SA-1) x RBW)] is the RBW filter imperfections correction parameter and SA designates spectrum analyser. For evaluation of compliance with exposure limits, Annex K to standard EN 50492 prescribes: In which Ef is the electric field strength at frequency f and EL.f is the corresponding limit. ((Number of points SA-1) Threshold

21. Kampala, Uganda, 23 June 2014 21 IMPLEMENTATION AND RESULTS OF MISSION ASSESSMENT OF ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD STRENGTHS Figure 7 : Summary histogram of levels of field strengths measured Electric field strength V/m Measurement points

22. Kampala, Uganda, 23 June 2014 22 IMPLEMENTATION AND RESULTS OF MISSION EXTRACT OF DOMINANT FIELD STRENGTH VALUES The dominant levels were obtained in the service bands: PMR beacon, aeronautical radionavigation excluding TV, WLL and radiolocation. At the opposite extreme, the lowest field strength value was obtained at measurement point KORHOGO-05, with a value of 0.24794558 V/m.

23. Kampala, Uganda, 23 June 2014 23 IMPLEMENTATION AND RESULTS OF MISSION The highest exposure level was obtained at point ADJAME-04, with a total exposure of 11%. Figure 8 : Summary histogram of exposure levels Measurement points Total exposure

24. Conclusion and recommendations Upon completion of this measurement campaign, we conclude that at the places, dates and times of the measurements, the field strength levels measured comply with the exposure limits set by ICNIRP. We take this opportunity to encourage telecommunication regulators to implement best practices through similar campaigns aimed at applying the precautionary principle. Kampala, Uganda, 23 June 2014 24

25. Kampala, Uganda, 23 June 2014 25 THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION