1. Montevideo, Uruguay, 12 March 2014 Session 2: The role of policies and standards for effective e-waste management The importance of indicators and metrics in policymaking and policy assessment Alexandre F. Barbosa Manager, CETIC.br alexandre@nic.br ITU/UNESCO “Forum on Environmentally Sound Management of E-waste in Latin America” (Montevideo, Uruguay, 12 March 2014)

2. 2 AGENDA e-Waste: context Challenges to policymaking Importance of indicators and metrics in policymaking and monitoring Multistakeholder approach in producing ICT-related statistics in Brazil Challenges for producing internationally comparable data Montevideo, Uruguay, 12 March 2014

3. 3 E-waste: context Increasing amount of electronic and electrical devices put on market every year; Concern over the problem of used EEE and end-of-life electronics; Lack of awareness on e-waste: recycling, management and processing; Poor and insufficient data and statistics on e-waste; Need of e-Waste policy and legislation which consider environmental impacts. Montevideo, Uruguay, 12 March 2014

4. Environmental Education Smart Societies I&KS Smart Buildings Waste Management Transport and Mobility Public Services Energy Manegement Water Management 4 Policymaking and Monitoring e-WasteICT Challenges for policymaking Montevideo, Uruguay, 12 March 2014

5. e-Waste Policies and Legislation e-Waste Political Agenda 5 Challenges for policymaking Sustainable development; 3R Principle: Reduce, reuse & recycle Sustainable consumption and production (SCP); Consumption of natural resources; Energy efficiency. Environmental Impacts Indicators and metrics Framework Reliable and internationally comparable data Montevideo, Uruguay, 12 March 2014

6. 6 How to design effective policies to address the challenges posed by the discarded used electrical and electronic equipment and end-of-life electronics? Measurement matters: evidence-based ! Methodology matters ! Specific indicators are needed ! Challenges for policymaking Montevideo, Uruguay, 12 March 2014

7. 7 “Good policy requires good statistics at different stages of the policymaking process.” (Scott, 2005) “The impact of policy can be measured with good statistics. If policy cannot be measured it is not good policy.” (Othman, 2005) ICT-related statistics Survey data in policymaking Reliable Policy relevant Timely (to inform policy decisions) Accessible to all key stakeholders Cost-effective Interdisciplinary enough to address cross-cutting issues Importance of statistics in policymaking and monitoring Montevideo, Uruguay, 12 March 2014

8. Legal framework: policy & legislation; Stakeholders engagement; Administrative data vs sample survey data; Methodological & statistical issues: Sample design / sample size; Rigor in data collection / field control; Internationally comparable data. Data dissemination & communication. 8 EVIDENCE-BASED POLICYMAKING INTERNATIONAL BENCHMARKING AWARENESS RAISING & EDUCATION OpportunitiesChallenges Importance of statistics in policymaking and monitoring Montevideo, Uruguay, 12 March 2014

9. 9 International common framework: methodology, core indicators definition, questionnaire. ICT Households and Individuals ICT Enterprises ICT E-Government ICT in Education ICT in Health ICT Survey Models: internationally agreed core indicators Montevideo, Uruguay, 12 March 2014

10. 10 e-Waste (WEEE - waste electrical and electronic equipment) e-Waste recycling Green ICT Green growth and sustainable development Initiatives for measuring environmental impacts: concepts and indicators Montevideo, Uruguay, 12 March 2014

11. 11 Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and Their Disposal. The Basel Convention entered into force in May of 1992, 2006 (Nairobi Declaration) and 2011 (Cartagena Decisions). Three stated objectives: 1.To minimize the production of hazardous waste; 2.To encourage the local handling of hazardous waste; 3.To minimize the export of hazardous waste from developed to developing countries. Environmental regulations to account for used EEE and end-of-life electronics Montevideo, Uruguay, 12 March 2014

12. 12 Themes: Socio-economic development Sustainable consumption and production Social inclusion Demographic changes Public health Climate change and energy Sustainable transport Natural resources Global partnership Good governance SDIs are used to monitor the EU Sustainable Development Strategy (published by Eurostat). 100 indicators. 11 indicators have been identified as headline indicators. Sustainable Development Indicators: SDI EU Sustainable Development Strategy Montevideo, Uruguay, 12 March 2014

13. Latin America and Portuguese speaking African countries Brazilian Internet Steering Committee Brazilian Network Information Center 13 Regional Centre of Studies for the Development of the Information Society ICT statistics in Brazil: a multistakeholder approach Montevideo, Uruguay, 12 March 2014

14. 14 Engaging stakeholders: Government, academia and civil society ICT survey process Montevideo, Uruguay, 12 March 2014

15. 15 Engaging stakeholders: Government, academia and civil society Data dissemination and use Montevideo, Uruguay, 12 March 2014

16. 16 Pillars of CETIC’s survey process Articulation of productive partnerships PlanningDissemination & Use Academic Organizations Government & Int’l Organizations Non-profit Organizations “The impact of policy can be measured with good statistics. If policy cannot be measured it is not good policy.” (Othman, 2005) “Good policy requires good statistics at different stages of the policymaking process.” (Scott, 2005) 200 Experts 58 Organizations Montevideo, Uruguay, 12 March 2014

17. 17 Matrix of ICT survey’s stakeholders Level of interest and insertion Montevideo, Uruguay, 12 March 2014

18. 18 Matrix of relevance for ICT policies Use of ICT survey data on policymaking Montevideo, Uruguay, 12 March 2014

19. 19 20052013 Policymaking and monitoring Policies based on ICT survey data Relevance for ICT policies Tax Exemption Program for Computers (Computer for All Program) Broadband National Plan Low Cost Broadband Program (1Mbps at USD 15) Act 12.715/2012: Tax exemption for telecom services in rural areas Broadband for Rural Areas Program (450 MHz-2014) Smart Cities Telecentres Tax Exemption Programs (Internet and smartphone) Proinfo (Computer Labs in public schools) Broadband in Schools Program UCA (one laptop per child program) E-Gov Action Plan ICT Skills development programs ICT impact assessment in the health sector Montevideo, Uruguay, 12 March 2014

20. 20 Measuring e-Waste: benchmarking Challenges for producing int’l comparable data Framework for measuring e-waste PoliciesConsumers Indicator 1 Indicator 2 Indicator n Dimensions...... Definitions, indicators and data collection instruments Producers Which approach? What should be measured? Montevideo, Uruguay, 12 March 2014

21. 21 Thank you ! CETIC.br’s ICT surveys are available for download at www.cetic.br/publicacoes www.cetic.br/publicacoeswww.cetic.br/publicacoes Montevideo, Uruguay, 12 March 2014