1. PHARMACOVIGILANCE ON RABIES IMMUNOGLOBULINS ADMINISTRATION By Rajan H. Under the guidance of Sudharshan M.K., Mahendra B.J., Githa Kishore, Meera N.K. Department of Pharmacy Practice Visveswarapura Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences Bangalore

2. INTRODUCTION DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACY PRACTICE – VIPS, BANGALORE

5. Rabies is essentially a zoonotic disease with man being the dead-end host. Annual number of deaths caused by rabies worldwide as estimated by WHO accounts for 55,000 and mostly in the rural areas of Africa and Asia.

6. DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACY PRACTICE – VIPS, BANGALORE

7. Post-exposure prophylaxis adequately applied after exposure to a rabid animal is highly effective in prevention of human disease. Adverse reactions after vaccination are considered as an important practical problem. DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACY PRACTICE – VIPS, BANGALORE

8. Identification of adverse reactions during post-exposure prophylaxis of rabies immunoglobulins would be helpful in improving the quality of life of the recipient and to prevent further hospitalization. This study is a small step in this direction. DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACY PRACTICE – VIPS, BANGALORE

9. OBJECTIVE DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACY PRACTICE – VIPS, BANGALORE

10. To find out the various adverse reactions during post-exposure prophylaxis of rabies immunoglobulins. To find out the sociodemographic details of the host as well as the carriers.

11. METHODOLOGY DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACY PRACTICE – VIPS, BANGALORE

12. METHODOLOGY A retrospective study was conducted in 1000-bed tertiary care teaching hospital, in Rabies Preventive Medicine Department, KIMS, Bangalore. The data was collected for a period of two and a half years from June 2003 to December 2005 based on the records and data stored in the department.

13. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACY PRACTICE – VIPS, BANGALORE

14. Overall 1316 cases were analyzed.

15. DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACY PRACTICE – VIPS, BANGALORE RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS

16. DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACY PRACTICE – VIPS, BANGALORE RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS

17. DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACY PRACTICE – VIPS, BANGALORE

24. Pet:Stray Ratio is : 1:2.5 DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACY PRACTICE – VIPS, BANGALORE

26. DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACY PRACTICE - VIPS, BANGALORE

27. DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACY PRACTICE VIPS BANGALORE

35. Vaccine Local PainOthersNo ReactionTotalp-value ERIG147710831237 0.015012 HRIG1806179 Total165711441316 Chi – Square Test For Immediate Reactions DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACY PRACTICE VIPS BANGALORE

36. Immediate reactionsERIG (n=1237)HRIG(n=79)p-value Local Pain147180.0005 Others700.503 No reaction1083610.008 Z Test For Proportions DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACY PRACTICE VIPS BANGALORE

37. Chi – Square Test For Delayed Reactions VaccineFever Local Pain Urtic ariaOthersNo reactionTotalp-value ERIG645412181237 <0.001 HRIG33027179 Total975612891316 DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACY PRACTICE VIPS BANGALORE

38. Late reactionERIG (n=1237)HRIG(n=79)p-value Fever630.013 Local Pain43<0.001 Urticaria500.571 Others420.005 No reaction121871<0.001 Z Test For Proportions DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACY PRACTICE VIPS BANGALORE

39. CONCLUSION DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACY PRACTICE VIPS BANGALORE

40. The study helps to identify the adverse reactions of rabies immunoglobulins so that further precautions can be taken by giving proper counseling and treatment to improve the quality of life of the recipient. Since P value is <0.05, we can conclude that there is a significant relationship between the type of vaccines and the immediate reaction.

41. DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACY PRACTICE VIPS BANGALORE CONCLUSION Since the pet:stray dog ratio is more ie 1:2.5, the stray dog population should be controlled.

42. THANK YOU DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACY PRACTICE VIPS BANGALORE