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Classification of Organisms

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Presentation on theme: "Classification of Organisms"— Presentation transcript:

1 Classification of Organisms
IPA - BIOLOGI Classification of Organisms SMP KELAS VII/SEMESTER 1 Oleh : Alimmatus Firmansyah, S.Pd.

2 Classification of Organisms
The study of the kinds and diversity of organisms and their evolutionary relationships is called systematics or taxonomy Taxonomy is the work involved in the original description of a species. Systematics is the assigning of species into evolutionary groups.

3 Father of Modern Classification
The modern classification system originated with the work of Carolus Linnaeus he recognized the different species could be grouped into broader categories based on shared characteristics any grouping of animals that shares a particular set of characteristics forms an assemblage called a taxon

4 Modern taxonomists use 7 taxa:
kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus and species as taxa increase organisms get more specific

5 Binomial Nomenclature:
When a species is talked about only the genus and species names are used this is called the scientific name unique to each type of organism Required by the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature

6 Writing Scientific Names
the genus names is always capitalized both names are either italicized or underlined leave a space in the underline between names ex. Homo sapien Felis leo Quercus rubra

7 Kingdoms of Life In 1969, Robert H. Whitaker classified kingdoms based on cellular organization and mode of nutrition this lead to the formation of the 5 kingdoms

8 5 Kingdoms of Classification:
Monera: comprised of bacteria and cyanobacteria distinguished by being single cell prokaryotes Protista: comprised of Amoeba, Paramecium etc…. distinguished by being single celled eukaryotes Plantae: multi-cellular photosynthetic eukaryotes plants have cell walls and are non-motile

9 5 Kingdoms of Classification:
Fungi: multi-cellular heterotrophic eukaryotes fungi have cell walls and usually non-motile digest organic matter extra-cellularly (outside of cell) and absorb the breakdown products Animalia: multi-cellular heterotrophic eukaryotes animal cells lack a cell wall and usually motile feed by ingesting other organisms or parts of other organisms

10 Monera prokaryote single-cell
Protista eukaryote multi-cell Plantae eukaryote multi-cell autotrophic Fungi eukaryote multi-cell heterotrophic, external digestion Animalia eukaryote multi-cell heterotrophic, internal digestion

11 THANK’S FOR STUDYING BIOLOGY WITH ME


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