1. Nuclear Fuel Cycle Symposium, 15th November 2010 1 The Nuclear Fuel Cycle Future Challenges and Perspectives Welcome Address Thomas FANGHÄNEL Director of the JRC-Institute for Transuranium Elements Lead Director of the Nuclear Safety and Security Thematic Area (TA5)

2. Nuclear Fuel Cycle Symposium, 15th November 2010 2 Implementation of the high-level wastes management facilities, Develop a new generation of more sustainable reactor technologies "Closing the nuclear fuel cycle" through highly innovative R&D Supporting and strengthening the Nuclear Fuel cycle safeguards, the Additional Protocol and the Non-Proliferation Treaty Faster and more efficient detection and response methods to illicit trafficking and nuclear forensics Ensuring a European workforce with skills in nuclear technology An advanced legal framework on nuclear safety, safeguards, security and non-proliferation and to foster its R&D needed to ensure nuclear safety, sustainability and competitiveness. Nuclear Safety and Security Challenges & Perspectives Nuclear Energy is the principal low carbon source of base load electricity in the EU, playing a key role in limiting the EU’s emission of greenhouse gases and making an important contribution to improving the Union’s independence, security and diversity of energy supply.

3. Nuclear Fuel Cycle Symposium, 15th November 2010 3 Full title: Treaty establishing the European Atomic Energy Community (EAEC or Euratom Treaty) Entry into force: 1 January 1958 Status: in force, not merged with EU (separate legal personality) European Atomic Energy Community (EURATOM) 1957 Major objectives: Promotion of nuclear research and development; Uniform safety standards to protect the health of workers and of the general public from hazards of ionizing radiation; Facilitate investments – joint undertakings Regular and equitable supply of ores and nuclear fuels; Creation of a common nuclear market; Safeguards of nuclear material; Relations with other countries and international organizations to foster progress in the peaceful uses of nuclear energy The EURATOM treaty called for the European Commission to establish a Joint Nuclear Research Centre

4. Nuclear Fuel Cycle Symposium, 15th November 2010 4 Robust Science for Policy Making As a Directorate-General of the European Commission, the JRC provides customer-driven scientific and technical support to Community policy making As a service of the European Commission, the JRC functions as a reference centre of science and technology for the Union. Supporting citizen’s security, health and environmental protection, safety of food and chemicals, alternative energies, nuclear safety and security, econometrics, prospective technologies………… JOINT RESEARCH CENTRE

5. Nuclear Fuel Cycle Symposium, 15th November 2010 5 Vision and Objectives 2010-2020: The JRC aims at providing scientific and technical support to the definition and implementation of the policy framework within the EU's Nuclear safety and security priority and to the safe deployment and operation of existing and innovative nuclear energy applications. 7 Thematic Areas in which the JRC will strive to be pivotal in the policy process: Towards an open and competitive economy Development of a low carbon society Sustainable management of natural resources Safety of food and consumer products Nuclear safety and security Security and crisis management Reference materials and measurements Towards a Thematic programming structure Key Strategic issues Provide an independent and reliable research and S&T assessment in the nuclear safety and security, Support science-based options to address issues of public acceptance, policy concerns and nuclear industries. Innovative and unique experimental facilities / Upgraded infrastructure and facilities Partnerships: Pooled Facilities, Networking and International collaborations Nuclear Safety and Security Challenges & Perspectives

6. Nuclear Fuel Cycle Symposium, 15th November 2010 6 Safety of nuclear reactors Safety of nuclear reactors Safety of nuclear fuel cycle / Nuclear waste Underpinning Science: atomistic and molecular process understanding of fundamental phenomena Underpinning Science: atomistic and molecular process understanding of fundamental phenomena Exploratory/Discovery Research Reference Centre for policy makers, stakeholders and citizens in the nuclear field Training & Education „EURATOM School“ Basic Science & Applications Nuclear safeguards & security

7. Nuclear Fuel Cycle Symposium, 15th November 2010 7 As from January 2011 EURATOM programme “JRC Direct Actions” Proliferation Resistance and Safeguards R&D Border monitoring (detection) and Open source information Proliferation Resistance and Safeguards R&D Border monitoring (detection) and Open source information Safety of nuclear installations Advanced nuclear energy systems Safety of nuclear installations Advanced nuclear energy systems Nuclear data, Reference materials and measurements Monitoring of radioactivity in the environment Nuclear waste management and environmental impact: Spent fuel characterisation Partitioning, transmutation, conditioning Safety of present and advanced nuclear fuel systems Nuclear waste management and environmental impact: Spent fuel characterisation Partitioning, transmutation, conditioning Safety of present and advanced nuclear fuel systems Nuclear safeguards, non-proliferation Combating illicit trafficking Nuclear safeguards, non-proliferation Combating illicit trafficking Cross-cutting activities: Actinide sciences Education and Training / Networking Medical Applications Cross-cutting activities: Actinide sciences Education and Training / Networking Medical Applications Nuclear Safety and Security Challenges & Perspectives Challenge 2011

8. Nuclear Fuel Cycle Symposium, 15th November 2010 8 Surface Science Solid State NMR Hot cells (24) Minor Actinide laboratory (fuel fabrication) Transmission electron microscopy Thermophysics & Thermodynamics Unique equipment for studying actinide materials and spent fuel Large Geometry secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS)

9. Nuclear Fuel Cycle Symposium, 15th November 2010 9 1963 Quick view into the future….

10. Nuclear Fuel Cycle Symposium, 15th November 2010 10 1963 2010 Quick view into the future….

11. Nuclear Fuel Cycle Symposium, 15th November 2010 11 1963 2010 Quick view into the future….

12. Nuclear Fuel Cycle Symposium, 15th November 2010 12 A true Challenge Application for a license for a new experimental wing worldwide trends for nuclear energy (GenIV, GNEP, etc.) new questions on safety of advanced fuel cycles new scientific and technical challenges for ITU (non-oxide systems, new geometries, high burnup, activity, etc.) ensure a long term sustainable fulfilment of laws and regulations work under increasingly stringent safety regulatory frames new, suitable infrastructural and procedural tools (laboratories, facilities, equipment, procedures) must be designed and implemented

13. Nuclear Fuel Cycle Symposium, 15th November 2010 13 14:30 - 15:00 "The Role of Nuclear Energy in the coming EU Energy Mix" U. Blohm-Hieber, EC, DG Energy, EU 15:00 - 15:30 "The role of the Nuclear Education “ P. Fritz, Vice-President and Member of the Executive Board of the KIT, DE 15:30 - 16:00"The Future Challenges of Nuclear fuel Cycle “ H. Bernard, CEA Deputy Chairman, FR 16:00 – 16:30Coffee Break Golden Book always available for signature 16:30 - 17:00 "Nuclear Fuel Challenges in Japan “ T. Inoue, CRIEPI, Japan 17:00 - 17:30 "Safeguards Challenges for the Nuclear Fuel Cycle “ H.O. Menlove, LANL, US 17:30 - 18:00 "Nuclear Security in the Coming Years" Cancelled replaced by G.H. Lander 18:00 Reception Golden Book always available for signature 18:00 Aperitif - „Kamin Bar“ 18:30 Dinner - „Brasserie Restaurant“ "The Nuclear Fuel Cycle – Future Challenges and Perspectives" Honorary Symposium on Occasion of the Retirement of Roland Schenkel, JRC Director-General

14. Nuclear Fuel Cycle Symposium, 15th November 2010 14