1. Roy Freeland President, Perpetuum Ltd
Chair ISA Power Sources Working Group.
Chair UK Government Energy Harvesting S.I.G
EU Zeropower Scientific Advisory Committee

2. Standards for WSN Power Sources
International Society for Automation ISA100 Family of Standards for Industrial WSN’s a Wireless Standard
ISA Power Sources Working Group
Key objectives are
Define specifications for the interchangeability of power sources
Use cases in range 0.1mW to 30mW
Including batteries, energy harvesters, and other power sources
Define performance specifications to facilitate comparison and selection of optimum power sources for application.
Cooperating with a range of organizations
VDI on battery standards for WSNs
Other organizations using (e.g. WirelessHART, Zigbee)
“Metrology for Energy Harvesting “project (EU funded European Metrology Research Programme (EMRP))

3. No Single Harvester is Universal Solution
Easy choice of Power Source is needed
Leading wireless instrumentation suppliers have chosen universal system
Generic Energy Harvester Adapter Module – GEHAM
Enables Plug and Play Interchangeability:
Vibration Harvester
Thermal Harvester
24V DC

4. Battery Pack to IPM Wide range of input voltage levels: 8V – 24V.
Standard OEM Battery Module
GEHAM Circuit
Integrate GEHAM into
OEM Battery Module
Intelligent Power Module (IPM)
Wide range of input voltage levels: 8V – 24V.
Integrated robust capacitive storage for duty cycle
Intelligent Power Management circuitry
Hazardous Zone 0, Class 1 Division 1
Same form, fit & function as original OEM battery module
Reduce or eliminate battery change costs & logistics
Add energy harvesting now or later

5. Example GEHAM: Emerson IPM
Emerson Intelligent Power Module accepts
Perpetuum Vibration Harvester
Micropelt Thermal Harvester
Perpetua Thermal Harvester
24V DC
Others to be added
ATEX, IECEx, FM approved
(Not all power sources)

6. Example Installations
Oxea and Firestone

7. Honeywell Power Module
Battery pack - regulated external power input
Internal harvester energy storage
Replaces the standard IS Battery Pack in a Honeywell XYR 6000 transmitter
Accepts external harvester power up to 20V
Batteries only necessary for network joining
Internal capacitance power for normal radio transmissions
With Perpetuum Energy Harvester on a suitable vibration source
Extend battery life >10years
4 second transmitter repetition rate
ATEX, IECEx, FM approved •

8. Rapid growth in EH powered WSN’s
Wireless Sensor Nodes deployed in many new applications
Train bearings – many thousands being monitored
EH powered self contained WSN
Harvester
ARM processor
RF transmitter
Live bearing data available
Displayed over Internet
Powerful business case
On demand maintenance

9. WiBRATE FP7 Project

10. Performance Standards
End Users want to know if Harvester will “work” in their plant
Will not know
How much power needed
What energy sources available (heat, vibration etc..)
Characteristics of energy source
Performance Standard needs to help select
Harvester Type (Thermal. Vibration etc.) – this problem being solved by GEHAM
Which Thermal/other Harvester will give best power output in particular or all applications
So - Easy Task!!!

11. Vibration Harvesters Issues
Performance depends on many variables
Type of vibration
Sinusoidal fixed /sinusoidal variable/ stochastic/ variable/multi frequency/ other
Magnitude (g)
Nominal Frequency/Frequencies
Variation in Frequency
During operation
From one machine to another
Reference test conditions typical of practical applications (also applies to other harvesters)
Measurement of output :
Time to charge energy storage
Output achieved through GEHAM