1. Trends in Aerospace Engineering 12 December 2007

2. Stork Fokker AESP B.V. Trends in Aerospace Engineering DCED symposium 2 Contents Introduction The requirements for new aircraft Looking back: the historical challenges and the recent achievements of Aerospace Engineering The changes in the supply base of new Aircraft programs The new challenges for Engineering and Design Conclusions

3. Stork Fokker AESP B.V. Trends in Aerospace Engineering DCED symposium 3 Ours vs Competition: "DESIGN EFFICIENCY" Performance Range M 0.8 - 3% VMO + 9% Comfort Cabin Vol. - 10% Headroom = Width + 5% Noise - 4dB SIL Flexibility Climb = MLW/MTOW +15% Short Field = Cost Drivers MTOW & Fuel - 25% MZFW - 25% Eng. Thrust - 45%

4. The challenge in Aircraft Engineering: Integrate disciplines

5. Stork Fokker AESP B.V. Trends in Aerospace Engineering DCED symposium 5 Old challenge: Integration of disciplines The challenge of Aircraft design has always been to achieve multi-diciplinary optimization New regulatory requirements resulted in additional disciplines In the past 10 years Design for Manufacturing with 3D tools has achieved tremendous improvements

6. Stork Fokker AESP B.V. Trends in Aerospace Engineering DCED symposium 6 Challenge: Apply new materials Properties of Aerospace Carbon Fibers Tensile Strength, KSI Modulus, MSI M55J M46J T-1000GB T-300 T-700SC T-400HB T-300 AS4 G30-500 T-800HB G40-800 T650/35 G30-700 IM7 T40/800 Toho Toray Hexcel Cytec

7. Stork Fokker AESP B.V. Trends in Aerospace Engineering DCED symposium 7 High Performance Epoxy Materials Use Temperature (°F, wet) Compression After Impact (ksi) (1500 in-lbs/in) (BMI) IM7/8551-7 Hexcel IM7/8552 Hexcel

8. Stork Fokker AESP B.V. Trends in Aerospace Engineering DCED symposium 8 Certification: test plans Buckling test plan 16 test panels will be tested: -> test panels with/without foam -> test panels with/without impact damage -> different failure modes (shear/compression loading) Compression (local buckling) Compression (Euler buckling) Shear

9. Stork Fokker AESP B.V. Trends in Aerospace Engineering DCED symposium 9 Additional requirements: Lightning strike protection § 25.581 The metallic tips of the horizontal stab and the non-structural trailing edges cover the Zone 1B / 2B areas from SAE ARP5414. Hence Zone 1A / 2A are to be considered for the torque boxes. Fokker has recently tested both 140 g/m² copper screen and 72 g/m² copper mesh on various thicknesses to support a helicopter certification program:

10. Stork Fokker AESP B.V. Trends in Aerospace Engineering DCED symposium 10 New industrialisation Proposed manufacturing flow welding tools

11. Stork Fokker AESP B.V. Trends in Aerospace Engineering DCED symposium 11 Product Support: Repairs in the Full-scale test approach After the test with level 3 / category 3 damage, the proposal is to repair detectable damages and to continue cycling to substantiate repairs. Structural repairs will be needed in-service, especially for components which are too expensive to replace.

12. Stork Fokker AESP B.V. Trends in Aerospace Engineering DCED symposium 12 Dilemma’s in Aerospace design (10,10) Requirement: low weight for low DOC Achieve lowest unit cost for ROS of supplier Achieve low weight with low cost manufacturing

13. The new challenge: The changing role in the Supply Chain

14. Stork Fokker AESP B.V. Trends in Aerospace Engineering DCED symposium 14 The position in the supply chain Tier 0 Tier 1 Tier 2 Nu veel Tier 1’s : Boeing~4000 Airbus ? Situatie Fokker : soms Tier 1, meestal Tier 2 (of 3) (Integrator) Tier 3 Tier 0 Tier 1 Tier 2 Many Tier 1’s : Boeing~4000 Airbus 3500? Position Fokker : sometimes Tier 1, sometimes Tier 2 (Integrator) Tier 3 Analyse en graphics door Joost List

15. Stork Fokker AESP B.V. Trends in Aerospace Engineering DCED symposium 15 : -investment capability -outsourcing/partnering -sub-integration -responsibility 0123 Small Tier 1  Tier 2 - focus on product posities - technology development - price competition Tier 1 will grow : - - -sub-integration - 0123  Tier 2 - - - Changes in the Supply Chain The number of Tier 1 suppliers will reduce

16. Stork Fokker AESP B.V. Trends in Aerospace Engineering DCED symposium 16 The new Tier 1 will have some capabilities of the current integrator 012 Engineering capabilites Designdelegation DesignOrganization Investments Joint Ventures Industrialization Lean Manufacturing Low Cost Facilities Supply ChainManagement Technology position Wolrd class performance Political cloud Offsetcredits Markt analysis Required competences for aTier 1position 012 Engineering Designdelegation DesignOrganization Partnerships Industrialization Lean Manufacturing Low Cost Facilities Supply ChainManagement Six Sigma, CAIV Offsetcredits Tier 1 Analyse en graphics door Joost List

17. Stork Fokker AESP B.V. Trends in Aerospace Engineering DCED symposium 17 The Challenge of Stork Fokker Have the best specialist knowledge and expertise in: Advanced materials Innovative production methods and industrialization thereof Innovative product concepts and Combined with Integrated and Global Product Development (Integrator know how) approach based on Smart and reliable Engineering and industrialization processes and tools To achieve for our customers A global supply base of Innovative products to: improve the performance (safety, operational costs, greener) and to reduce the cost of newly developed aircraft

18. Stork Fokker AESP B.V. Trends in Aerospace Engineering DCED symposium 18 What are the consequences for Engineering and Design? The knowledge challenge must continue to be a priority The integration of this knowledge in Product Designs Use KBE also for knowlegde to get everybody at the same level Install Configuration Management to manage the iterative design process Have excellent project leaders to manage the integration within budget, schedule and technical contraints

19. Stork Fokker AESP B.V. Trends in Aerospace Engineering DCED symposium 19 Requirement: focussed and Lean Structures Engineering process Overall design process has to be 40% shorter and 20% cheaper Optimization of concept design phase is key in order to exploit influence on product quality and cost to the maximum Full Scale Development (FSD) has to start as late as possible (i.e. shorter lead-time) in order to have robust and stable requirements from customer Focus of concept phase is effective- ness, focus of FSD is efficiency Effective knowledge build up and transfer between projects is becoming vital Engineering process has to be resilient w.r.t. late configuration changes

20. Stork Fokker AESP B.V. Trends in Aerospace Engineering DCED symposium 20 Conclusion The Engineering and Design Disciplines have delivered great results in the past decade The globalization of the Supply base will deliver a new challenge Apart from the required improvements from a product performance point of view these challenges are: Spread basic knowledge over the supply base by increased and smart application of KBE Manage the date stream and baseline developments by smart Configuration management, supported by new PLM type applications