1. Tuesday 10/11 : Greece  Objective: Learn about Ancient Greece and how its power structures developed.  Bell Work: Get out your paragraph assignment from the weekend!

4. Greece!  Geography is key to the development of Ancient Greece  Access to Aegean Sea from almost any mainland city  Geography made it hard to develop sense of unity Mountain ranges divided villages Rivers were short and unable to be traveled

5. Greek City-States  800-700s BC, city-states formed  Polis is the Greek word for city-state Usually developed around a fort  Absolutely independent and self-sufficient  Based on 3 ideas: Geographical territory Community Political and economic independence

6. Greek city-states  Greeks believed in loyalty to their polis; gave them a sense of identity  Greek city-states alike in many ways: Covered a small area of land  Athens=Rhode Island; Sparta=Connecticut Populations of fewer than 10,000  Mostly slaves or non-citizens Original fort built on an acropolis Each polis had an agora  Served as a common meeting place

7. Differences/Similarities  Differences:  Political independence: own government and laws  Each had their own calendars, money, and system of weights/measures  Similarities:  All spoke the same language  People who did not speak Greek considered barbaric  Same religious ideas, cultural characteristics, and social patterns

8. Greek Culture & Religion  Culture:  Homeric: Homer wrote epic poems the Illiad and the Odyssey Few people could write, so these poets passed history along with the spoken word  Olympics: Held every 4 years in honor of Zeus Athletic competition  Religion  Different than most religions of the time No high moral standards Not concerned with life after death (Hades)  Looked to religion for three things: Explain nature Explain emotions Bring them benefits  Mythology! Gods, goddesses, oracles

9. Development of Greek Government  City-states originally small kingdoms ruled by warrior chieftains  Aristocrats came to represent the “best men” in Greek city-states; wealthy landowners that backed the king  Aristocracies developed as aristocrats took power from the kings Held monopoly over military, land-owning, and economy

10. Greek Government cont’d  Hoplites began to gain power as they were needed to defend the city-states Heavily armed infantry that helped defend city, recognized their power, and demanded more say Poor citizens and farmers fed up with the aristocracy  Tyrants began to take over, but were short-lived They illegally took power but the people supported them At first, ended nobility power and promoted trade, but began to turn into “tyrants” as we call them today

11. How’d they get power?  Warrior chieftains?  Aristocrats?  Hoplites?  Tyrants?

12. New Government develops  Popular government began to grow (b. 700- 500 BC) People can and should rule themselves!  Athens- Democracy!  Sparta- Authoritarian!

13. Sparta: Where is it? Sparta: Where is it?  The Polis (Greek word for city-state) located in the Peloponnesus Southern tip of Greek mainland Southern tip of Greek mainland Separated from the rest of Greece by the Gulf of Corinth Separated from the rest of Greece by the Gulf of Corinth

14. Homework:  Read pages 113-114  Divide notes into three sections: Spartan Society (social system) Spartan Government (organization of gov’t) Spartan Life (life for boys/girls/all people)  Create graphic organizers as your notes for each of these sections

15. Graphic Organizer Example: Greek City-States (Polis) Similarities: Greek LanguageReligious ideas Differences: Political independence Own laws Own Calendars And money