1. The Common Core State Standards for Mathematics
Grades 6-8

2. The Development of the CCSS
Sponsored by the Council of Chief State School Officers (CCSS) and the National Governors Association (NGA)
Written by a small group of authors from Sept 2009 – June 2010
NCTM among the groups that provided feedback and review as part of public review process

3. Potential Benefits for States and Districts
Creates potential for collaborative groups to get more mileage from:
Curriculum development, assessment, and professional development
Encourages collaborative professional development to be based on best practices
Allows for the development of cross-state formative and summative assessment tools

4. Common Core Development
Initially 48 states and three territories signed on.
As of November 29, 2010, 42 states have officially adopted.
Final Standards released June 2, 2010 can be downloaded at
Adoption is required for Race to the Top funds.

6. Common Core Implementation
Each state adopting the Common Core either directly or by fully aligning its state standards may do so in accordance with current state timelines for standards adoption, not to exceed three (3) years.
States that choose to align their standards with the Common Core Standards accept 100% of the core in English language arts and mathematics. States may add additional standards.

7. Characteristics Claimed by CCSS (compared to most State Standards)
Fewer and more rigorous. The goal was increased clarity.
Aligned with college and career expectations – prepare all students for success on graduating from high school.
Internationally benchmarked, to prepare all students for succeeding in our global economy and society.
Includes rigorous content and application of higher-order skills.
Builds on strengths and lessons of current state standards and on NCTM’s documents: Curriculum Focal Points, PSSM, and Focus on Reasoning and Sense Making
Research based

8. Stated Intentions of the Common Core
Coherence
Focus
Clarity and specificity
The same goals for all students

9. Coherence According to CCSS
Articulated progressions of topics and performances that are developmental and connected to other progressions
Conceptual understanding and procedural skills stressed equally
NCTM states that coherence means that instruction, assessment, and curriculum are aligned.

10. Focus According to CCSS
Key ideas, understandings, and skills are identified.
Deep learning of concepts is emphasized.
That is, adequate time is devoted to a topic to counter the “mile wide, inch deep” criticism leveled at most current U.S. standards.

11. CCSS Standards for Mathematical Practice
The Common Core proposes a set of Standards for Mathematical Practice that all teachers should develop in their students.
The Mathematical Practice Standards in the CCSS resonate well with the NCTM Process Standards in Principles and Standards for School Mathematics.

12. CCSS Standards for Mathematical Practice
Make sense of problems and persevere in solving them.
Reason abstractly and quantitatively.
Construct viable arguments and critique the reasoning of others.
Model with mathematics.
Use appropriate tools strategically.
Attend to precision.
Look for and make use of structure.
Look for and express regularity in repeated reasoning.

13. NCTM Process Standards
Problem Solving is an integral part of mathematics learning.
Reasoning and Proof are ways of expressing justification.
Communication is an essential part of mathematics education.
Connections are critical in mathematics, both across mathematical topics and to contexts outside mathematics.
Representations of mathematical ideas are fundamental to enhancing mathematical understanding.

14. NCTM Process Standards and the CCSS Mathematical Practice Standards
Problem Solving
Make sense of problems and persevere in solving them.
Use appropriate tools strategically
Reasoning and Proof
Reason abstractly and quantitatively.
Critique the reasoning of others.
Look for and express regularity in repeated reasoning
Communication
Construct viable arguments
Connections
Attend to precision.
Look for and make use of structure
Representations
Model with mathematics.

15. Clarity and Specificity for CCSS
Skills and concepts are clearly defined.
An ability to apply concepts and skills to new situations is expected.

16. Common Core Format K-8 High School Grade Domain Cluster Standards
(No pre-K Common Core Standards)
High School
Conceptual Category
Domain
Cluster
Standards

17. Common Core - Domain
Overarching “big ideas” that connect topics across the grades
Descriptions of the mathematical content to be learned, elaborated through clusters and standards

18. Common Core - Clusters
May appear in multiple grade levels with increasing developmental standards as the grade levels progress
Indicate WHAT students should know and be able to do at each grade level
Reflect both mathematical understandings and skills, which are equally important

19. Common Core - Standards
Content statements
Progressions of increasing complexity from grade to grade

20. CCSSM and NCTM Focal Points: Differences in Format
Three focal points per grade level
Connections to other strands
Five Domains
Clusters of standards

21. CCSSM Domains CCSSM-Grade 6 CCSSM-Grade 8 CCSSM-Grade 7 Functions
The Number System
Expressions and Equations
Geometry
Statistics and Probability
Ratio and proportional Relationships
The Number System
Expressions
& Equations
Geometry
Statistics and Probability
Ratio and proportional Relationships
The Number System
Expressions & Equations
Geometry
Statistics and Probability

22. Domain 1: Ratios and Proportional Relationships
CCSS- Grade 6
NCTM Focal Points – Grade 6
Understand ratio concepts and use ratio reasoning to solve problems.
Develop an understanding of and fluency with multiplication and division of fractions and decimals.
Connect ratio and rate to multiplication and division.
Additional MA Standard
MA.3e. – Solve problems that relate the mass of an object to its volume.

23. Domain 1: Ratio and Proportional Relationships
CCSS- Grade 7
NCTM Focal Points – Grade 7
Analyze proportional relationships and use them to solve real-world and mathematical problems.
Develop an understanding of and apply proportionality, including similarity.
Develop an understanding of operations on all rational numbers and solve linear equations.

24. Domain 1: Functions CCSS- Grade 8 NCTM Focal Points – Grade 8
Define, evaluate, and compare functions.
Use functions to model relationships between quantities.
Analyze and represent linear functions and solve linear equations and systems of linear equations

25. Domain 2: The Number System
CCSS- Grade 6
NCTM Focal Points –Grade 6
Apply and extend previous understandings of multiplication and division to divide fractions by fractions.
Compute fluently with multi-digit numbers and find common factors and multiples
Apply and extend previous understandings of numbers to the system of rational numbers.
Develop an understanding of and fluency with multiplication and division of fractions and decimals. (page 18)
Negative integers in grade 7 (page 19)
Additional MA Standard
MA.4a: Apply number theory concepts, including prime factorization and relatively prime numbers to the solution of problems.

26. Domain 2: The Number System
CCSS- Grade 7
NCTM Focal Points –Grade 7
Apply and extend previous understandings of operations with fractions to add, subtract, multiply, and divide rational numbers.
Develop an understanding of and apply proportionality, including similarity.

27. Domain 2: The Number System
CCSS- Grade 8
NCTM Focal Points –Grade 8
Know that there are numbers that are not rational, and approximate them by rational numbers.
Students now use division to express any fraction as a decimal, including fractions that they must represent with infinite decimals.
Students connect their work with dividing fractions to solving equations of the form ax = b, where a and b are fractions.
Students continue to develop their understanding of the structure of numbers by determining if a counting number greater than 1 is a prime.

28. Domain 3: Expressions and Equations
NCTM Focal Points – Grade 6
CCSS- Grade 6
Apply and extend previous understanding of arithmetic to algebraic expressions
Reason about and solve on-variable equations and inequalities
Represent and analyze quantitative relationships between dependent and independent variables
Write, interpret, and use mathematical expressions and equations

29. Domain 3: Expressions and Equations
CCSS- Grade 7
NCTM Focal Points – Grade 7
Use properties of operations to generate equivalent expressions
Solve real-life and mathematical problems using numerical and algebraic expressions and equations
Develop an understanding of operations on all rational numbers and solve linear equations
Additional MA Standard
MA.4c: Extend analysis of patterns to include analyzing, extending, and determining an expression for simple arithmetic and geometric sequences (e.g., compounding, increasing area) using tables, graphs, words, and expressions.

30. Domain 3: Expressions and Equations
CCSS- Grade 8
NCTM Focal Points – Grade 8
Work with radicals and integer exponents.
Understand the connections between proportional relationships, lines, and linear equations.
Analyze and solve linear equations and pairs of simultaneous linear equations.
Analyze and represent linear functions and solve linear equations and systems of linear equations

31. Domain 4: Geometry CCSS- Grade 6 NCTM Focal Points – Grade 6
Solve real-world and mathematical problems involving area, surface area, and volume.
Solve problems that involve areas and volumes, calling on students to find areas or volumes from lengths or to find lengths from volumes or areas and lengths, are especially appropriate.
Additional MA Standards
MA.1.a: Use the relationship between radius, diameter, and center of a circle to find the circumference and area.
MA.1.b: Solve real-world and mathematical problems involving the measurements of circles.

32. Domain 4: Geometry NCTM Focal Points – Grade 7 CCSS- Grade 7
Draw, construct, and describe geometrical figures and describe the relationships between them.
Solve real-life and mathematical problems involving angle measure, area, surface area, and volume.
Understand and use formulas to determine surface areas and volumes of three-dimensional shapes.
Additional MA Standard:
Please note: MA.7: Solve real-world and mathematical problems involving the surface area of shapes.

33. Domain 4: Geometry NCTM Focal Points – Grade 8 CCSS - Grade 8
Understand congruence and similarity using physical models, transparencies, or geometry software.
Understand and apply the Pythagorean Theorem.
Solve real-world and mathematical problems involving volume of cylinders, cones, and spheres.
Analyze two- and three-dimensional space and figures by using distance and angle.

34. Domain 5: Statistics and Probability
CCSS- Grade 6
NCTM Focal Points – Grade 6
Develop understanding of statistical variability.
Summarize and describe distributions.
None Listed
MA.4.a – Read and interpret circle graphs

35. Domain 5: Statistics and Probability
CCSS- Grade 7
NCTM Focal Points – Grade 7
Use random sampling to draw inferences about a population.
Draw informal comparative inferences about two populations.
Investigate chance processes and develop, use, and evaluate probability models.
Students understand that when all outcomes of an experiment are equally likely, the theoretical probability of an event is the fraction of outcomes in which the event occurs. Students use theoretical probability and proportions to make approximate predictions.

36. Implementation Support for Teachers from NCTM
Making It Happen:
A Guide to Interpreting and Implementing
the Common Core State Standards
for Mathematics

37. Making It Happen Will Include:
How the content of CCSSM fits with NCTM’s Standards documents—including a road map to NCTM’s resources
A deep analysis of the connections between NCTM’s Process Standards and the CCSS Standards for Mathematical Practice
Examples of using NCTM resources to interpret and implement CCSS

38. Implementation Support for Teachers from NCTM
Possible actions under current discussion
Development of resource toolkit linked to a mobile or e-conference package
A focus on Professional Development with respect to both content and mathematical processes
Grade band specific PowerPoints available on the NCTM Web site

39. NCTM Standards and CCSS
The pre-eminent message from both these sets of standards is, and for NCTM always has been, the importance of nurturing the mathematical thinking and reasoning processes as set forth in the NCTM Process Standards, and in the CCSS Standards for Mathematical Practice.
No collection of specific standards bullets will hold together without interweaving mathematical processes for our students.