1. The Five Main Components of Reading Instruction

2. Phonemic Awareness
Is the ability to recognize the sounds of spoken language and how they can be segmented and manipulated.

3. Phonemic Awareness is important because…
It is a strong predictor of reading success.
It focuses on sounds in words by pulling words apart, by adding sounds, by deleting sounds, and by substituting sounds.
It improves reading and spelling skills.

4. Types of Phonemic Awareness
Blending phonemes into words
Segmenting words into phonemes
Manipulating phonemes in words
Blending syllables into words
Segmenting sentences into words
Rhyme by matching the ending sounds of words
Alliteration by naming words that begin with the same sound

5. Phonics
Is being able to understand the relationship between written and spoken letters and sounds.

6. Phonics is important because…
Helps children recognize familiar words
Helps in decoding new words
Helps writing and spelling

7. Fluency
It is the ability to read quickly, accurately, and with expression and phrasing.

8. Fluency is important because…
It supports comprehension.
It makes reading more enjoyable
and motivating.

9. Vocabulary
Is the knowledge of words and their meaning in context.

10. Vocabulary is important because…
It helps children expand their knowledge of spoken and written language.
The knowledge of the vocabulary read supports background knowledge and understanding of the text

11. Comprehension
Is the ability to gain meaning from the text that is read.

12. Comprehension requires:
Vocabulary knowledge
Language developed to the level of the text being read
The ability to predict, summarize, analyze, and infer