1. Option Project IB Chemistry 2010 By: LV131738

2. E.3.1 Describe the greenhouse effect. E.3.2 List the main greenhouse gases and their sources, and discuss their relative effects. E.3.3 Discuss the influence of increasing amounts of greenhouse gases on the atmosphere.

4. The greenhouse effect is when the Earth’s atmosphere traps all of the sun’s radiation. It is caused by atmospheric gases that allows the sunlight to pass through but will absorb it as it is being reflected by the earth’s atmosphere.

6. Methane (CH 4 ): derives from anaerobic decay, cattle farming, rice fields, and petroleum/natural gas production Carbon Dioxide (CO 2 ): emitted through combustion of fossil fuels/biomass, the decay of plants/animals, oxidation of soil, forest fires, organic decay, volcanoes, deforestation, etc. Nitrous Oxide (N 2 O): comes from fertilizers and bacterial activity; forests, grasslands, and oceans; burning of fossil fuels/biomass, etc. Ozone (O 3 gas): pollutant smog is the main contributor of O 3 gas Chlorfluorocarbons (CFCs): aerosol spray propellents, cleaning solutions, refrigerators,etc.

7. Increased amounts of all these gases is believed to account for the increasing global temperature (global warming) and earth’s greenhouse effect Deforestation is not thought as a cause of the greenhouse effect, but it is in fact one of the main contributors of carbon dioxide. (Less trees = more CO 2 = increased greenhouse gases)

9. The greenhouse gases cause the atmosphere to trap the heat instead of releasing it to space Currently, the atmosphere traps about 90% long wave energy that is supposed to be emitted to space Some scientists believe the greenhouse effect is the cause of an increase in global temperature A recent study show that the greenhouse gases cause the earth’s temperature to be at 15°C ( 59°F) instead of - 18°C ( -0.3°F), like it was supposed to be.

10. "greenhouse effect." The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition. Houghton Mifflin Company, 2004. 29 Jan. 2010..http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/greenhou se effect Pidwirny, M. (2006). "The Greenhouse Effect". Fundamentals of Physical Geography, 2nd Edition. Date Viewed. http://www.physicalgeography.net/fundamentals/7h.html http://media.photobucket.com/image/earth%20ice%20cream/mm arti105/5e31d250.jpg?o=1 http://www.scienceclarified.com/Ga-He/Greenhouse-Effect.html Pidwirny, M. (2006). "The Greenhouse Effect". Fundamentals of Physical Geography, 2nd Edition. January 31 2010. http://www.physicalgeography.net/fundamentals/7h.html http://www.physicalgeography.net/fundamentals/7h.html