1. Lysmikroskopi
MENA3100,OBK,

2. Lysmikroskop Optisk mikroskop Forstørrelse (magnification)
Oppløsningsevne (resolution)
Kontrast
Vi ønsker å se flere detaljer

3. Simple microscope
Lupe, forstørrelsesglass

4. The simple microscope
Antony van Leeuwenhoek
(1632−1723)

5. Det sammensatte mikroskop
The compound microscope
ca Hans Janssen
Robert Hooke
(1635−1703)
Micrographia, 1664

6. Don’t get too hang up in the ray tracing

7. Stereomikroskop
Stereo microscope

8. Mikroskop for gjennomfallende lys
Compound microscope
for transmitted light

9. Mikroskop for reflektert lys
Inverted compound microscope
for reflected light

12.
jwiley_microscopy/2006_Sept_Hammond.pdf

13. Illuminating system Specimen Condenser lens Aperture diaphragm
Field diaphragm
Filament

14. Controll illuminated area
Illuminating system
Specimen
Condenser lens
Aperture diaphragm
Köhler illumination
Uniform specimen
illumination
Field diaphragm
Controll illuminated area
Field diaphragm
Aperture diaphragm
Controll angle of the cone
of light
Filament

15. Imaging system
Eyepiece
Okular
Tube lens
Objective
Specimen

16. Primary image

17. Refraction

18. Kromatisk abberation

19. Spherical abberation

20. Corrections
The objective

21. The limiting factor: Diffraction

22. Resolution R = 0,61l/NA Rayleigh criterion
(Raleigh in Brandon and Kaplan)

24. Abbe

25. Numerical aperture (NA)
NA = nsina
Resolution
R = 0,61l/NA

26. Oil immersion

27. Fouriertransformasjon

28. Condenser system Eyepice Ocular (okular)
More is needed than just the objective
Condenser system
Eyepice
Ocular (okular)

30. Optical anisotropy
Calcite

31. Amorphous and cubic: Optically isotropic, one refracive index
Hexagonal, trigonal, tetragonal: Optically anisotropic, two refractive indices
Lower symmetry: Optically anisotropic, three refractive indices

32. Optically active crystals in the microscope

33. Optically active crystals in the microscope

34. Michel-Levy chart

36. Remember that geologists often call their book on microscopy on thin sections for
optical crystallography, and microscopy with reflected light is ore microscopy (malmmikroskopi).
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