1. Agriculture Engineering
Essential Standard 6.00: Understand the agricultural engineering industry.

2. Objective 6.01
Remember careers in agricultural engineering.

3. Agricultural Engineering Industry
Agricultural mechanics
Design
Operation
Maintenance
Service
Selling and
Use of power machinery, equipment, structures and utilities in agriculture

4. Examples of Careers in Agricultural Engineering
Agricultural Electrification, Power and Controls
Electrician
Safety technician
Electrical engineer
Agricultural Power Machinery
Farm or heavy equipment diesel mechanic
Parts person
Equipment salesperson
Small engine mechanic
Large machinery operator (ie. bulldozer)

5. Examples of Careers in Agricultural Engineering
Soil and Water Engineering
Soil Conservation technician
Irrigation Engineer
Agricultural Mechanics, Construction, and Maintenance Skills
Construction worker
Welder
Safety specialist

6. Examples of Careers in Agricultural Engineering
Agricultural Structures, Equipment, and Facilities
Construction supervisor
Farmstead planner
Greenhouse builder
CAD engineer

7. Objective 6.02
Understand basic agricultural engineering principles and practices.

8. Shop Safety Awareness and Principles for Safety
Of all farm related accidents, nearly 50% involve working with machinery.
Safety
Developing an environment free from danger, risk or injury.
Keys to shop:
Trained in safe and proper tool operations
Pass a safety test prior to using the shop
Keep the shop clean
Remove unnecessary hazards such
oily rags
Make sure all machines have safety shields in place

9. Shop Safety Awareness and Principles for Safety
Wear appropriate personal protective clothing and devices. For example:
Safety glasses or goggles
Leather steel-toed shoes
Ear protection (plugs or muffs)
hearing loss when the noise level exceeds 90 dB (decibels)
Other safety clothing may be required for certain work such as welding

10. Safety Color Coding in the Agricultural Mechanics Shop
National organizations worked together to develop the system
The American Society of Agricultural Engineers and the Safety Committee of the American Vocational Association
alerts people to dangers and hazards
provides information to help on react quickly in an emergency
conveys a special message based on a standard code

11. Basic Safety Code Colors
RED
Identifies areas of danger
Red is used on safety switches and fire extinguishers
Red = Danger

12. Basic Safety Code Colors
ORANGE
Designates machine hazards, such as edges and openings
It is also used as background for electrical switches, levers and controls
Orange = Warning.

13. Basic Safety Code Colors
YELLOW
Identifies wheels, levers, and knobs
adjust or control machines
Yellow = Caution

14. Basic Safety Code Colors
BLUE
Used on signs such as “Out of Order”
identify broken shop equipment that does not work or does not work properly
Blue = Information

15. Basic Safety Code Colors
GREEN
Indicates the presence of first aid and safety equipment
Green = Safety

16. Fire Hazards in the Agricultural Mechanics Shop
Fire Triangle
Components necessary for a fire
Fuel – Any combustible material that will burn
Examples: oily rags, sawdust, paper, etc.
Heat – Most materials burn if they are made hot enough
Oxygen (O) – Not a fuel, but must be present for fuels to burn

17. Fire Hazards in the Agricultural Mechanics Shop
Fire Prevention
Take away one of the components of the fire triangle and fire will not start or will stop if already started.
Safe storage of fuels or combustible materials
Store fuels in approved containers
Clean shop facilities

18. Extinguishing Fires Fire Extinguishers
Know the kind of fire extinguisher
Class A Fire Extinguishers use water to control ordinary combustibles
Know the placement of fire extinguishers so that time is not taken looking for the extinguisher if a fire occurs.
hung on walls within easy reach in areas where fires would most likely occur
Know how to use
held upright, the ring pin is pulled, and a lever is pressed
nozzle of the extinguisher toward the base of the fire

19. Extinguishing Fires Other examples
Wrapping a person in a blanket whose clothes are on fire
eliminates oxygen from getting to the fire
Cooling with water from a hose or bucket a burning container of paper

20. Planning an Agricultural Engineering Project
Simple Project Designs
Sharp lead pencil
Protractor for drawing and measuring angles
Good eraser for making corrections
A twelve-inch ruler
Compass for drawing circles and arches

21. Planning an Agricultural Engineering Project
More Detailed Plans
Drawing board
Masking
The T square
drawing horizontal lines
The right triangle (30, 60, 90 degree triangle) in conjunction with the T square, is used to draw vertical lines.
The scale
Instrument with all increments shortened according to proportion
Flat scale – looks similar to a ruler.
Triangular scale – three sided, but six scales

22. Planning an Agricultural Engineering Project
Large Scale Projects
CAD (computer- aided design)
reduce design time for large scale projects

23. Planning an Agricultural Engineering Project
Basics of Drawing
Sketch
rough drawing that is not to scale
does have dimensions included
Pictorial drawing
shows all three dimensions at once
Front
side (end)
top

24. Planning an Agricultural Engineering Project
Basics of Drawing
Scale drawing
represents an object in exact proportion
¼” =1’
¼” on the drawing would equal 1’
2” line on the drawing would equal 8’
Scale will vary depending on the size of the object being drawn

25. Reading a Tape Rule Display units of measure
U.S. customary system
Metric system
Marked to show halves, quarters, eighths, and sixteenths of an inch
Typically, vertical lines of different heights represent these various intervals

26. Wood Projects Nails Screws Bolts Gluing Fastest way to fasten wood
Nail hammer or nail gun are the preferred tools
Screws
hold better than nails
flathead screw is the one most used in woodworking
Phillips head is preferred
Bolts
fastening wood at high stress points
Gluing
glued wood joint will be as strong as the wood itself
Gluing is often accompanied by nails, screws, etc.
Boards are held in place for gluing by clamps
Bar clamps are one type of clamp used

27. Metal Projects
Steel
most commonly used
at least 4 kinds of steel
Soapstone
soft, gray rock
shows up well on most metals
The hand tool most often used for cutting metal is the hacksaw
Hacksaws are especially useful for cutting thin conduit
Metal cutting band saws and power hacksaws
used for large projects

28. Objective 6.03
Remember tools and their safety practices related to the agricultural mechanics industry.

29. Safety using Hand Tools
Use the correct tool for the job
Keep and use tools that are in good working condition
Use tools skillfully
Wear appropriate protective clothing and devices
safety glasses
steel- toed shoes
ear protection

30. Tools used in Agricultural Mechanics
Layout and measuring tools– used to measure or mark materials.
Chalk line reel
marking straight lines
Tape rule
straight or curved measuring, most to the 1/16th
Combination square
determining 45 and 90 degree angles
Try square
90 degree squaring
Level
leveling and plumbing

31. Tools used in Agricultural Mechanics
Saws – used to cut materials
Hacksaw
sawing metal
Portable circular saw
sawing wood in construction projects
Circular carbide saw blade
blade for use on portable circular saw
Coping saw
cutting curves and irregular cuts
Portable jig saw
making irregular cuts

32. Tools used in Agricultural Mechanics
Boring tools – used to make holes or change size or shape of holes.
Countersink
flaring top of hole for recessing head for flathead screw or bolt
Masonry bit
Boring in concrete, brick or block
Potable electric drill
drilling holes with an external source of electricity
Straight shank drill bit
drilling metal
Speed bore bit
wood-boring bit for electric drill

33. Tools used in Agricultural Mechanics
Hammers and driving tools
Ball pein hammer – hammering metal
Nail hammer – driving nails
Nail set – countersinking nail heads
Pin punch – driving out metal pins
Sledgehammer – heavy hammering

34. Tools used in Agricultural Mechanics
Pliers and holding tools
Long nose pliers – reaching into recessed areas
Slip joint pliers – adjust for holding various size material
Groove joint pliers – gripping when greater pressure is needed
C clamp – clamping two or more pieces of metal together
Drill press vise – holding stock while drilling

35. Tools used in Agricultural Mechanics
Wrenches are used to turn nuts, bolts, or screws
Adjustable wrench – turning various size nuts and bolts
Combination wrench – turning hex and square nuts and bolts
Pipe wrench – turning and holding metal pipe
Regular socket – general- purpose socket for turning nuts and bolts
Open end wrench –turning square head nuts and bolts