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Portions of this Power Point including text in the form of sentences and/or paragraphs as written, and/or images may be used in the bulk of educational material without modification. All material including images used for this purpose must be accompanied by or noted in the footer of the slide or slides the material appears in with “Courtesy of Genteq™” in Arial font as it appears here.
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2. What’s with all the copyright stuff?
Three main purposes of the copyrights:
Prevent the sale of as produced material we are creating and giving away to the HVAC educational community for individual profit. Including this information in your HVAC courseware is encouraged.
Prevent the information from being altered to be untrue, unsafe or out of the recommended best practices of the HVAC industry.
Simply be recognized for our hard work and efforts to provide quality information for the betterment of the HVAC industry.
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3. The ECM Textbook

4. Table of Contents The ECM Textbook Constant Airflow ECM
History of ECM
Constant Airflow ECM
Constant Torque ECM
Constant Speed ECM
This power point contains images that are not in the printed version. This was done to keep the size of the printed text short and improve the concepts that are being taught in the classroom.

5. The ECM Textbook
History of ECM v3.0

6. History of ECM Technology
Page 1
1987
General Electric introduces first ECM to residential HVAC
2004
Regal Beloit purchases the ECM, PSC and Capacitor divisions from GE with permission to brand as:

7. Regal-Beloit Corporation Background
History of ECM Technology
Page 1
Regal-Beloit Corporation Background
Public Corporation established in
History
50s to 70s - Special Cutting Tools
80s to 90s – Mechanical Power Transmission
90s to 00s – Motors and Generators
Largest Non-Captive Motor supplier globally
#1 Commercial and Industrial and #1 HVAC
Recognized Motor Brands
NYSE – RBC
Define Non-Captive (part used by a manufacturer in a product that is not produced by the manufacturer)

8. History of ECM Technology
Page 1
History in the Making
2009
Regal Beloit introduces a new brand for all of the GE _______ by REGAL BELOIT divisions.

9. History of ECM Technology
Page 2
New Name, same reputation for innovative, premium comfort and electrical components
Proven reputation for high quality, highly reliable products and strong customer relationships
A wealth of information at your fingertips

10. Overview of ECM Technology
Page 3
ECM (Electronically Commutated Motor)
Brushless DC, permanent magnet rotor
More efficient than PSC (Permanent Split Capacitor) motors
Used throughout HVACR
Programmable
Direct drive fractional horse power motors
ECM
PSC

11. Overview of ECM Technology
Page 3
Mid 1900’s PSC replaces shaded pole as standard
Better starting torque and efficiency
Low cost and simple
Limited operation due to fixed motor poles, fixed supplied frequency (60 Hz), 3-5 speeds
Slave to airside resistance
PSC

12. Overview of ECM Technology
Page 4
PSC Motor Chart
Synchronous speed = Frequency x 120 / Poles
Rated Speed = Synchronous speed minus electrical and mechanical losses in the motor and load
Operation range = The range the motor will typically operate at under load

13. Overview of ECM Technology
Page 4
PSC peak efficiency is 60% at design rated speed and load
Efficiency degrades by load and speed changes
Efficiency loss of the rotor
Basic A/C motor design, rotor follows the rotating field (magnetic effect) in the stator
PSC

14. Overview of ECM Technology
Page 5
ECM – Basic electric motor operated by a microprocessor based control
Line voltage powers control, control operates motor from communication and programming
Ability to control Torque, Speed or both
Increased range of operation and efficiency
More precise control than speed taps
Ability to compensate for airside restrictions

15. Overview of ECM Technology
Page 5
Old definition
ICM (Integrated Control Module)
Current definition
ECM (Electronically Commutated Motor)
Commutate – change or reverse the direction of an electric current (the means by which all electric motors rotate)

16. Overview of ECM Technology
Page 5
The Genteq™ motor, currently used by most residential HVAC systems is a brushless DC, three-phase motor with a permanent magnet rotor.
Motor phases are sequentially energized by the electronic control, powered from a single-phase supply.
Made of two components
Motor Control (control module)
Motor (motor control)
Motor Control
3-Phase Motor

17. Overview of ECM Technology
Page 5
Motor Control and Motor as separate components
Motor Control integrated into the motor shell
Motor
Motor
Motor Control
Motor Control

18. Overview of ECM Technology
Page 6
The Motor Control
Connected to single phase (1Ø) 120, 240 or 460vac 50 or 60 cycle power (Hz)
AC power is converted to DC power to operate the electronics
DC power is converted to a three phase (3Ø) signal to drive motor
Microprocessor controls frequency (RPM) and torque (power) delivered to motor.
Motor
Permanent magnet rotor
Motor
Control

19. Overview of ECM Technology
Page 6
The Motor Control
Microprocessor operates motor by program and communication from HVAC system
AC or DC voltage, PWM or DSI
Unique features by program specific to each motor
Constant Airflow, Constant Torque, Constant Speed
Ability to monitor and control current and frequency
Typical operating range of rpm
Motor
Permanent magnet rotor
Motor
Control

20. Overview of ECM Technology
Page 6
The Motor
Three phase motor, permanent magnet rotor
Electrical efficiency
Brushless (Electronically Commutated)
80% electrically efficient across entire operating range
Permanent magnet rotor
Motor
Control

22. Overview of ECM Technology
Page 7
Genteq ECM motor types
Constant Airflow (Variable Speed) indoor blower motor
Current OEM models include Think Tank 2.3 & 3.0, out of production models include 1.0, 2.0 and 2.5
Constant Torque indoor blower motor
OEM model X13 and aftermarket retrofit model Evergreen
Constant Speed
Current outdoor fan motor OEM model 142R, out of production model 142
Current commercial refrigeration models ARKTIC/ICE 59, ARKTIC SSC, and ARKTIC/ICE 142, out of production models include 44/64 frame, 58mm, 84mm, SSC and SSC2

23. Page 7

24. Overview of ECM Technology
Page 8
Benefit of Technology
Electrical Efficiency
Program more precise and controlled operation
Wider range of operation
Enhance consumer comfort
Dehumidification
Constant Fan
Soft Start/Stop
Improved Airflow
Permanent magnet rotor
Motor
Control

25. That’s All Folks!