1. 1 Policy Roll-out Tim Shimeall

2. 2 How Not to Introduce Policy (1) From: Ima Clerk To: all employees Subject: new policy Starting today, all workers not exempt will adhere to a 9-5 attendance policy. Documentation to follow.

3. 3 How Not to Introduce Policy (2) See the attached memo… Hey, Joe, did you hear about the new policy? Why haven’t you reviewed the policy website so you can see what has changed?

4. 4 Policy Roll-out All organizations have policy (implicit or explicit) Policy roll-out is actually policy change How do we manage change in order to minimize collateral damage

5. 5 Managing Change Unfreezing, Changing, Refreezing Continuous management improvement How, What, Why issues –How: end state for change –What: object to be changed –Why: motivation for change http://home.att.net/~nickols/change.htm

6. 6 Change Strategies (1) Empirical-Rational: People are rational and will follow their self-interest — once it is revealed to them. Change is based on the communication of information and the proffering of incentives. Normative-Reeducative: People are social beings and will adhere to cultural norms and values. Change is based on redefining and reinterpreting existing norms and values, and developing commitments to new ones.

7. 7 Change Strategies (2) Power-Coercive: People are basically compliant and will generally do what they are told or can be made to do. Change is based on the exercise of authority and the imposition of sanctions. Environmental-Adaptive: People oppose loss and disruption but they adapt readily to new circumstances. Change is based on building a new organization and gradually transferring people from the old one to the new one.

8. 8 Choosing Strategy Size and Scope (Policy and Organization) Degree of Resistance –Strong: Power-coercive + Environmental-adaptive –Weak: Empirical-Rational + Normative-Reeducative Time Frame: –Short: Power-coercive –Longer: Others Mix of strategies is often best choice

9. 9 Roll-Out Methods Communication methods –Interactive –Non-interactive Education methods –Informal –Formal Reference methods Phased enforcement