1. SMOS validation sites: Goulburn & Murrumbidgee Cecilia Azcurra Supervisor: Jeff Walker

2. Background The SMOS satellite will be the first dedicated to the measurement of soil moisture Will measure soil moisture on a 50 x 50 km scale Ground-based measurements to be used for calibration and validation of soil moisture derived from SMOS SMOS validation sites are being identified world-wide Australian validation sites will cover a semi-arid climate

3. SMOS validation There is a discrepancy between the scale of SMOS measurements and that of the ground- based (point) measurements Heterogeneous land cover is an issue Other issues include urban areas and standing water Sampling needs to represent the soil moisture over SMOS-sized pixels How many point measurements are required to obtain the spatial average?

4. The study areas

5. Goulburn catchment

6. Goulburn catchment study area

7. Oct-31 Goulburn catchment data

10. Yanco region Soil moisture from air measurements Over 11 days 12 Monitoring stations

11. Kyeamba Creek Soil moisture from air measurements Over 3 days Regional sampling 14 Monitoring stations

12. General approach

13. Preliminary results – Goulburn catchment RMSE (regional) = 0.0275 v/v RMSE (monitoring stations) = 0.0571 v/v

14. Preliminary results – Yanco region RMSE = 0.0359 v/v

15. Next steps Regional sampling data For Goulburn catchment Re-sampling to determine the number of samples required to determine the spatial mean Monitoring stations Identify which stations are representative of the area

17. Bootstrap sampling - Goulburn catchment Oct-31 Nov-07 Nov-14 Nov-21

18. Preliminary results - Goulburn catchment Soil moisture measurement type From airRegional sampling Monitoring stations (6am to 10am average) Date Soil moisture (% v/v) Soil moisture (% v/v) Error (% v/v) Soil moisture (% v/v) Error (% v/v) 31-Oct-05 46.2347.541.3138.20-8.03 07-Nov-05 37.8036.41-1.3932.50-5.30 14-Nov-05 17.8418.570.7319.331.49 21-Nov-05 16.1211.01-5.1110.15-5.97

19. Preliminary results - Yanco region AirMonitoring Stations SM (% v/v) Error (% v/v) 31-Oct-064.365.070.71 02-Nov-062.764.762.00 03-Nov-0616.5913.26-3.33 04-Nov-0611.0211.600.58 05-Nov-066.489.573.09 07-Nov-064.186.902.72 09-Nov-063.826.232.41 13-Nov-0619.2023.254.05 14-Nov-0611.3317.586.25 16-Nov-0610.4614.383.92 18-Nov-065.4111.115.70