1. Language Department, Office of General Education, Faculty of Hospitality Industry For Excellence in Hospitality Education Arj. Zeph Norrish Principles of Communication Chapter 7: Non-Verbal Communication II

2. Principles of CommunicationSecond Semester 2013 Slide No. 2 SCOPE Chapter 7 Lecture and Discussion: Physical Appearance Proxemics Haptics Gestures and Posture Chronemics Chapter 7 Case Study Instructor Review Student Q&A

3. Principles of CommunicationSecond Semester 2013 Slide No. 3 7.3 Physical Appearance Physical appearance is how people look, what they wear, and their level of attractiveness. There are many different ways of judging someone by their appearance. Look at some of these examples… Who do you think is professional? Who is caring? Who is confident? Who is judgmental?

4. Principles of CommunicationSecond Semester 2013 Slide No. 4 What do you assume about these people?

5. Principles of CommunicationSecond Semester 2013 Slide No. 5 What do you assume about these people?

6. Principles of CommunicationSecond Semester 2013 Slide No. 6 7.4 Proximity (Proxemics) Proxemics, or personal space, refers to the space an individual maintains around him or herself. Culture is important… in the USA, people prefer the “personal” or “social” zone because it is an independent culture. Asian cultures are more collective and people there prefer the “intimate” zone.

7. Principles of CommunicationSecond Semester 2013 Slide No. 7 7.4 Proximity (Proxemics) MY PERSONAL SPACE MY COMFORT ZONE

8. Principles of CommunicationSecond Semester 2013 Slide No. 8 7.4 Proximity (Proxemics)

9. Principles of CommunicationSecond Semester 2013 Slide No. 9 7.5 Gestures & Postures Gestures are the movements of the hands (sometimes head, face or eyes) we use to help communicate our thoughts. Types Examples Which are ‘speech independent’ and ‘speech dependent’? Illustrators 1. Holding up two fingers and saying “She called twice.” 2. Used with a verbal message that would lack meaning without the words 1.Pounding your fist in anger 2.Habitual gestures that help manage and express emotions Adaptors Emblems (symbolic) 1.Making the okay sign 2.Expresses the same meaning as a word in a particular culture

10. Principles of CommunicationSecond Semester 2013 Slide No. 10 7.5 Gestures & Postures Gestures are the movements of the hands we use to help communicate our thoughts. Which type of gesture has the following characteristics? A.Has the same meaning as a word? B.Used with a verbal message that would lack meaning without the word? C. Habitual action that helps manage and express emotions?

11. Principles of CommunicationSecond Semester 2013 Slide No. 11 7.5 Gestures & Postures Be careful of cultural differences in gestures… What is Kinesics?

12. Principles of CommunicationSecond Semester 2013 Slide No. 12 7.5 Gestures & Postures Postures are similar to gestures, but use other parts of our body.

13. Principles of CommunicationSecond Semester 2013 Slide No. 13 7.5 Gestures & Postures Other body postures and gestures to be aware of…

14. Principles of CommunicationSecond Semester 2013 Slide No. 14 7.6 Touch (Haptics) Touch is the physical act of placing a part of your body on someone else’s body. Culture is very important in touch… USA: handshake is common (even for strangers), hugs, cheek kisses for those of opposite gender or of family (usually). Islamic and Hindu: typically don’t touch with the left hand. Mannerly in India to break your bread only with your right hand. Islamic: cultures generally don’t approve of any touching between genders, but consider such touching between same-sex to be appropriate. Many Asians don’t touch the head (Head houses the soul and a touch puts it in jeopardy).

15. Principles of CommunicationSecond Semester 2013 Slide No. 15 7.7 Chronemics Chronemics is the technical term for understanding how time is managed based on personality, education, and culture. There are four main focus points for chronemics: Governance (how you use time) Culture (how culture affects governance) Tools (transmitters and receivers) Resources (channels and noise)

16. Principles of CommunicationSecond Semester 2013 Slide No. 16 7.7 Chronemics Time perception and uses affect: punctuality lifestyle daily agendas speed of speech movements how long people are willing to listen

17. Principles of CommunicationSecond Semester 2013 Slide No. 17 7.7 Chronemics M-Type – Mono-chronic Orientation People who are Mono-chronic: One task at a time Value time Work by schedule Time can be spent Time should be conserved / protected Time can be wasted

18. Principles of CommunicationSecond Semester 2013 Slide No. 18 7.7 Chronemics P-Type – Poly-chronic Orientation People who are Poly-chronic: Can multi-task Value time less No sense in waiting attitude Don’t consider time as ‘wasted’ if gone “I’ll get there when I can.”

19. Principles of CommunicationSecond Semester 2013 Slide No. 19 BREAK! Now, take a 30-minute break and then return to the class to work on your term paper focus. Enjoy! Take a break!

20. Principles of CommunicationSecond Semester 2013 Slide No. 20 Case Study Review Take 15-minutes to compare your case study summaries with a partner and create a revised idea to present.

21. Principles of CommunicationSecond Semester 2013 Slide No. 21 Handout Review You will now be given a handout with comprehension questions. Use the book and the notes you’ve taken to answer the questions as best as possible. You have 45-minutes to complete the handouts and return them to the instructor at the end of class.

22. Principles of CommunicationSecond Semester 2013 Slide No. 22 HOMEWORK! Go to the copy shop next to the canteen and get a copy of Unit 8: Relationships. Read Unit 8 and complete sections 8.1 Key Vocabulary and Chapter 8 Review: Case Study.