1. Agenda Friday, February 20th Do-Now Homework
1. Go over Cinderella Man worksheets together
2. Reading and questions on Bonus Army
Agenda
Do-Now
Reading and questions on the Bonus army
Notes: Hoover’s Role, Introduction to the New Deal
Homework
Readings and questions on Hoover & FDR Biographies
- read AND annotate, highlight, underline, etc.

2. Hoover & the Great Depression
“The key to recovery is confidence”
Blamed world economy
Believed it was beyond his control
Encouraged confidence, patience
Voluntary controls by businesses
Didn’t work
Simply couldn’t maintain wages
Didn’t believe in Hoover’s plan

3. Hoover & the Great Depression
Pressure to do SOMETHING
Agriculture marketing act (1929)
Provided relief for farmers by forming the Federal Farm board, which was designed to stabilize crop prices
Ultimately failed
TURNIGN POINT: Congressional majority shifts
Public works to create jobs
Increased gov’t spending
i.e. Hoover Dam
Hawley-Smoot Tariff
Highest import tax in history
Backfired, European economy tanked

5. Hoover & the Great Depression
Pressure to do SOMETHING
Reconstruction Finance Corporation (RFC)
Gave gov’t credit to certain industries and banks
Similar to today’s “bail-out”
“trickle down” theory, helped those at the top
Home Loan Bank Act
Discounted mortgage rates
Designed to help people keep their homes
Hoover supported these programs

6. Hoover’s views Insisted state & local governments should handle relief
Believed federal intervention destroyed people’s self-respect
Bonus Army debacle
H.O.R. agrees to early payment, Senate does not
Spelled disaster in the election

8. Agenda Monday, February 23rd Do-Now Homework
1. Introduction to reading comprehension worksheets. Use one WS to read & analyze the opposite biography.
2. Contribute to the biography Venn diagram on the board.
Agenda
Do-Now
Venn Diagram
FDR’s inauguration
Introduction to the New Deal
Homework
Reading and worksheet on Chapter 23 Section 1

9. Venn Diagrams Read the Hoover and Roosevelt Biographies
As you read, keep an eye out for:
Background information that shapes their political careers
Achievements
Defining moments of their administration
Etc.

10. DO-NOW FDR’s Inauguration Speech March 1933
As you listen to the speech, underline parts which stand out.
Prepare reactions, comments, analysis, etc.

13. The New Deal Parts: First One Hundred Days Second New Deal
Critics of New Deal
Last Days of New Deal

14. The New Deal Era

15. New Deal
FDR promised Americans a New Deal to help ease effects of the Depression
Two parts to the plan:
1. The “Hundred Days”
2. The Second New Deal

17. The “Hundred Days” Essentially, sought to:
Launched programs to provide:
RELIEF
RECOVERY
REFORM
Essentially, sought to:
relieve the suffering of the GD
create jobs
stimulate the economy

19. The first hundred days Some of the goals for part 1 of the new deal:
Banks regulated
Jobs created through public works programs funded by government
E.g. Civilian Conservation Corps
“Brain Trust” key advisors who helped FDR draft policies
Relied on his wife
FDR appointed first women to a Cabinet post & many African Americans to policy-making positions

20. Second New Deal Included:
Period after first 100 days where the economy was still faltering & FDR expanded government programs
Included:
more social welfare benefits
support for labor
stricter controls over business
1935 established Social Security System to provide financial security for retirees, unemployed, and disabled.

21. Extra Credit
By Monday, find an example of a New Deal agency which still exists today.
Provide a photo and brief report on the example.
How did it come about?
What purpose does it serve today?
E.g. Bass River State Park

23. Below: A group photo of CCC boys from Bass River State Forest.
Right: CCC boys wait in line for dinner at a camp in New Jersey.
(photos taken by John Nisky, a CCC enrollee - circa 1937)

24. Among the projects conducted by the CCC in New Jersey’s state parks and forests, was Lake Absegami in Bass River State Forest as well as the shelters still used by campers today.
(photos courtesy of the State Park Service)

25. Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) 75th Anniversary The CCCorps was created during President Franklin D. Roosevelt's "The Hundred Days,“ at the beginning of his first term, a time of massive legislative efforts to deal with the paralyzing effects of the Great Depression. The CCC put needy young men to work and sent a large portion of their pay back to their families. The fact that only 37 days elapsed between FDR's swearing in and the induction of the first CCC enrollee on April 7, 1933 reflects the importance of this program. By the time the program ended in 1942, due to World War II, over three million unemployed young men had been enrolled, planting over three billion trees and completing many other conservation projects including building much of the infrastructure at Bass River State Forest.
The CCC camp at Bass River State Forest, Camp S-55, lasted from 1933 to 1942, throughout the entire life of CCC. The CCC members performed wide range of conservation work, from building park roads, trails, bridle paths, bridges for vehicles, ponds for fish and waterfowl, lookout towers, nature observatory shelters, picnic areas, cabins, fireplaces, campgrounds, recreational lakes, to landscaping. The most noteworthy feat was the creation of the 67-acre Lake Absegami, by damming two streams flowing through the forest. The foundations of Camp S-55 and the CCC Memorial are part of a self-guided trail. Brochures are available at the Forest Office and at the beginning of the trail near the parking lot on East Greenbush Road. Stop in at the Forest Office to see artifacts from our Camp as well as a list of members from our Camp.
Check to see if your family member or relative was a CCC Camp s-55 member at Bass River between 1933 and 1942.

27. New Deal Agencies Civilian Conservation Corps
Provided jobs to young men to work on environmental conservation projects.
Works Progress Administration
Gave the unemployed work in building construction and arts projects.
Public Works Administration
Sponsored huge public works projects such as dams
National Recovery Administration
Worked with industries to ensure fair business and labor practices
National Labor Relations Board
Enforced rights of workers and unions.
Federal Deposit and Insurance Corporation
Insured people’s bank deposits up to $5,000.

28. FERA - Federal Emergency Relief Act (1933)
Provided funds to state releif agencies
CWA - Civil Works Administration (1933)
Provided federal jobs in building and improving roads and public facilities
Sponsored huge public works projects such as dams
National Recovery Administration
Worked with industries to ensure fair business and labor practices
National Labor Relations Board
Enforced rights of workers and unions.
Federal Deposit and Insurance Corporation
Insured people’s bank deposits up to $5,000.

29. Critics of the New Deal Women and African Americans
Progressives and Socialists
Republicans and other Political Opponents
New Deal programs offer more opportunities to white men than to women and minorities.
Women and African Americans are paid less for the same work.
New Deal programs are not doing enough to solve the nation’s problems.
More should be done to distribute the nation’s wealth among all Americans.
Government is taking on too much responsibility and becoming too powerful.
FDR is like a dictator.
New Deal taxes on the wealthy are unfair.
New Deal programs are too much like socialism.

30. The Last Days of the New Deal
New Deal led to improvement, but in 1937 the economy collapsed into recession.
Due to cuts in New Deal spending
People had less $ to spend
Some expensive work programs were cut back to slow national debt.
FDR did expand some programs after 1937 & economy began to improve.
New Deal protections helped labor unions grow
Many strikes (sit-down) erupted in violence.
Provided jobs for unemployed artists

31. Cultural Life During Depression
Literature
Radio
Movies
John Steinbeck’s The Grapes of Wrath tells story of victims of the Dust Bowl
Zora Neale Hurston’s Their Eyes Were Watching God describes the life of an African American woman in Florida
Radio becomes a major source of entertainment for American families
Comedy shows & soap operas are especially popular
At 25 cents for a double feature, movies offer affordable entertainment.
Films such as The Wizard of Oz, Marx Brothers movies, and Disney cartoons help Americans escape hard times.