1. Fritz Haber
Enabled the survival of billions: the Haber Process to synthesize ammonia
Ammonia is used to create fertilizer
Enabled the death of millions: the “father of chemical warfare”
Poison gases of WWI and WWII
Haber Video Web Link (File Link)

2. Types of Chemical Reactions
Synthesis (Combination)
Decomposition
Single Replacement
Double Replacement
Combustion

3. Synthesis (Combination) Reactions
Two or more reactants combine to produce a new product.
A + B  AB
O + O  OO
RUST: 4Fe + 3O2  2Fe2O3

4. Decomposition Reactions
A compound breaks down into two or more compounds or elements.
AB  A + B
OO  O + O
WATER (electrolysis): 2H2O  2H2 + O2
MERCURY OXIDE: 2HgO  2Hg + O2

5. Pop: Synthesis and Decomposition
Pop is carbonated water (Carbonic Acid)
Synthesis: CO2 + H2O  H2CO3
This causes the pop to fizz and bubble
When pop goes flat or is shaken up the opposite happens.
Decomposition: H2CO3  CO2 + H2O
The CO2 is released as a gas and water is left over.

6. Single Displacement O + OO  OO + O OO + O  OO + O A + BX  AX + B
One element of a compound is replaced by a new element to form a new compound.
A + BX  AX + B
O + OO  OO + O OR
AX + Y  AY + X
OO + O  OO + O
EXAMPLE: 2Na + CaCl2  2NaCl + Ca
The sodium and the calcium “trade places”

7. Double Displacement
The elements of two different compounds exchange places, forming two new compounds.
AX + BY  AY + BX
OO + OO  OO + OO
AgNO3 + NaCl  AgCl + NaNO3

8. Combustion Reaction
A combustion reaction is when oxygen combines with another compound to form water and oxides.
Combustion reactions are exothermic: they produce heat and light.
Often, the compound reacting with oxygen is an organic compound (contains carbon).
Example:
Octane (component of gasoline)
2C8H O2  16CO2 + 18H2O
Burn a Buck

9. Chemical Reactions Video
The Five Major Chemical Reactions
YouTube
File Link

10. Problems “Types of Reactions” Worksheet Textbook Word Problems…
Identify the Type of Reaction
Textbook Word Problems…
Pg 145: Q2, Q4
Pg 149: Q9, Q10
Pg 155, Q3, Q4, Q6, Q7, Q8, Q13
Balance Equations

11. Carbon Compounds
Organic chemistry is the study of compounds that contain carbon.
The study of all other compounds is known as inorganic chemistry.
Some carbon compounds are not considered organic (carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide and ionic carbonates).

12. Hydrocarbons
Hydrocarbons are organic compounds that only contain carbon and hydrogen atoms.
The main sources of hydrocarbons are crude oil and natural gas.
Combustion reactions involving hydrocarbons are exothermic – a lot of energy is released (heat and light).
Thermal energy heats our homes and powers transportation.

13. Canada’s Resources

14. Hydrocarbon + oxygen gas → carbon dioxide + water
Complete Combustion
A reaction can have different levels of combustion depending on how much oxygen is present during the reaction.
When the hydrocarbon is burned in a plentiful supply of oxygen complete combustion occurs.
Hydrocarbon + oxygen gas → carbon dioxide + water

15. Incomplete Combustion
A hydrocarbon burned in a poor supply of oxygen results in incomplete combustion.
Not as much heat generated.
Carbon monoxide and carbon (soot) by-products.
hydrocarbon + oxygen gas → carbon dioxide + water + carbon + carbon monoxide
Carbon Monoxide is Lethal!

16. The Future of Hydrocarbons: Peak Oil ?
A Visual Tour of Peak Oil (3:06)
ABC Catalyst – Peak Oil (12:23)
Peak Oil Club of Rome (10:04)
How many barrels of oil does the world consume each day?

17. The Growing Gap

18. International Energy Agency Hydrocarbon Estimates

19. Questions About Hydrocarbons
Question 1: How would the end of cheap oil affect:
Individuals
Society
The Environment
The Economy
Question 2: What actions could (1) individuals and (2) governments take to conserve oil and offset the effects of rising prices?
Question 3: Do you agree or disagree with this whole peak oil theory? Why or why not?

20. Summary Definitions Synthesis
Two or more compounds come together and produce one compound.
Decomposition
One compound breaks down into two or more compounds.
Single Displacement
One element replaces another in a compound to produce a new compound.
Double Displacement
Two elements switch places with each other to produce to new compounds
Combustion
Oxygen combines with another compound to form water and carbon dioxide.

21. Summary Table (without Combustion)
Pg 151 of text (with combustion)