1. www.swslim.org.uk South West Observatory Skills and Learning Intelligence Module Young People in Employment Without Training November 18 th, 2005 Ben Neild SLIM

2. www.swslim.org.uk South West Observatory Skills and Learning Intelligence Module ‘A one percentage point increase in the number of workers with higher education qualifications raises GDP by 0.5%.’ Estelle Morris 23 May 2002 The more education you have…. the less likely you are to be unemployed the healthier you will be you will have better developed social values It is socially and economically desirable to support continuing participation and qualification post-16 Policy Drivers

3. www.swslim.org.uk South West Observatory Skills and Learning Intelligence Module Male earnings by highest qualification: f/t employees after 20 years Source: Robinson 1997

4. www.swslim.org.uk South West Observatory Skills and Learning Intelligence Module OECD - Participation at age 17

5. www.swslim.org.uk South West Observatory Skills and Learning Intelligence Module Rates of participation in education and WBL at age 16 Source: DfES, 2005 (2003 data)

6. www.swslim.org.uk South West Observatory Skills and Learning Intelligence Module Rates of participation in education and WBL

7. www.swslim.org.uk South West Observatory Skills and Learning Intelligence Module Destinations of 16 & 17 year olds

8. www.swslim.org.uk South West Observatory Skills and Learning Intelligence Module % 17 year olds employed and not in education

9. www.swslim.org.uk South West Observatory Skills and Learning Intelligence Module Movement into work without training doubles the chances of young people becoming NEET at 18, when compared to young people who had spent 2 years in work with training. The risk of becoming NEET from work with no training was reduced either by movement at 17 into work with training or full time education. Those in jobs with training were the most stable people, in terms of becoming NEET at 18 ‘Young people not in education, employment or training’ Report to DfES, Centre for Research in Social Policy, 2005 Employment w/out Training and NEETs

10. www.swslim.org.uk South West Observatory Skills and Learning Intelligence Module A NEET dropping out of education at 16 will cost the taxpayers an average of £97k during their lifetime…. A single 157,000 strong cohort of 16 to 18 year old NEET would cost the country £15 billion by the time they died prematurely in 2060. They are 22 times more likely to be teenage mothers; 50% more likely to suffer poor health; 60% more likely to be involved in drugs and 20 times more likely to become criminals. Sunday Times, March 2005 Cost of being NEET

11. www.swslim.org.uk South West Observatory Skills and Learning Intelligence Module 34% those with no qualifications are NEET 17% those with Level 1 7% of those with Level 2 There are close associations with truancy and disaffection while in school. Only 1% with 5 or more GCSEs at A* to C become NEET Those achieving fewer than 5 GCSEs made up 92% of NEETs ‘Young people not in education, employment or training’ Report to DfES, Centre for Research in Social Policy, 2005 NEET & Learning

12. www.swslim.org.uk South West Observatory Skills and Learning Intelligence Module More likely to be in work without training if you are white, less well qualified (but not unqualified), from poorer backgrounds But 65% live in homes that are owned by parents or carers 70% say that their jobs are permanent A significant proportion (46%) receive on-the-job training; a smaller proportion (about 12%) off-the-job training Generally this training does not lead to qualifications Geoff Hayward, SKOPE, July 2005 Work w/out Training

13. www.swslim.org.uk South West Observatory Skills and Learning Intelligence Module Five most common jobs Sales Assistants Clerks, not otherwise specified Cleaners and domestics Counter hands and catering assistants Waiters and waitresses Geoff Hayward, SKOPE, July 2005 Jobs without Training

14. www.swslim.org.uk South West Observatory Skills and Learning Intelligence Module Financial rewards to work without training - wages higher than apprentices EMAs encourage people to stay on in School Child Benefit is only paid to age 19 if children continue in full time Education Lack of quality apprenticeships Parity between academic and vocational routes isn’t there yet in terms of Government policy, let alone public perception. POLICY RESPONSES £80m new Negotiated Learning Agreement for 16 to 17 year olds – testing range of financial incentives to encourage employers and employees to take up Apprenticeships £60m pilot offering NEETs financial support in return for a commitment to return to formal learning / training in work Financial Issues

15. www.swslim.org.uk South West Observatory Skills and Learning Intelligence Module WBL is very poorly presented to young people in schools: It is seen as a poor relation to academic studies post 16, for the less able There is limited understanding among teachers and tutors of the WBL landscape There is widespread suspicion that WBL routes are not pushed by teachers in schools with sixth forms because they are seen as competitors to their own offer Parents are seen as crucial influences but have little knowledge of the learning routes and so little confidence in advising young people Other Issues

16. www.swslim.org.uk South West Observatory Skills and Learning Intelligence Module Campaign to promote work-based learning (are issues of image etc) to young people The poor image of WBL deters young people from pursuing opportunities that exist. Campaign to promote benefits of WBL to employers Need more apprenticeship opportunities (working with employers) Use skills Brokerage model to raise employer awareness of the role of WBL (apprenticeships) Need to reduce inequalities in pay between training allowances and higher wages Responses

17. www.swslim.org.uk South West Observatory Skills and Learning Intelligence Module Improve opportunities for work experience in Schools, helping young people to make informed choices Improve our knowledge and understanding of the cohort, their backgrounds, work experience, decision making, destinations, wages and outcomes Identify young people at risk of disengagement and provide additional support Families exert huge influence. Is a need for Connexions to work with teachers and parents to raise awareness, understanding (and esteem) of WBL routes and opportunities Ensure effective collaboration between Brokers and Connexions Responses