1. Cloze Measure What is Measured? Comprehension We are only able to infer what others comprehend All measures of comprehension are indirect Students read passages Sensitive to change Measure achievement over time Word level and passage understanding

2. Cloze Measure Characteristics Passages from the curriculum of instruction (Representative Passages) No time limit of the measure. Stop when most students have completed the passage Passage has missing words. (usually every 7th word. Students write in word that fits in each blank. Tool capable of having multiple forms.

3. Creating a Cloze Measure Select representative passage from the curriculum of instruction. Keep title and first sentence intact (untouched). Remove every 7th word. Leave a blank space for writing. Create a key for possible correct responses (see scoring)

4. Sample: Cloze Measure Uncle Ben lives on a large farm in the country. He rears many animals there. He horses, cows, goats, sheep and pigs. Ben is always busy. He has so to do, caring for his animals.

5. Administration: Cloze Measure Standard CLOZE Directions You are going to read this story silently. This story has some words missing. There are blank spaces where words are missing. When you read the story, figure out what word should go in the blank space. Write the word you think belongs in the story in the blank space. Do your best reading and try your to fill in every blank space. There is no time limit on this measure.

6. Scoring: Cloze Measure Responses are scored according to the number of exact or semantically correct word matches. There is a one to one correspondence between word and blank space. Two or more words may NOT go in one blank space. Reported score is the number of correct words over the number possible. This score may be expressed as a percent correct. Recommendation, use the key indicating acceptable words that fit each blank in the passage. (see next slide)

7. Sample: Cloze Measure Key Uncle Ben lives on a large farm in the country. He rears many animals there. He rears, grows, has, raises, horses, cows, goats, sheep and pigs. Uncle,That Ben is always busy. He has so much to do, caring for his animals.

8. Administration: Cloze Measure Standard CLOZE Directions You are going to read this story silently. This story has some words missing. There are blank spaces where words are missing. When you read the story, figure out what word should go in the blank space. Write the word you think belongs in the story in the blank space. Do your best reading and try your to fill in every blank space. There is no time limit on this measure.

10. Scoring: Cloze Measure Responses are scored according to the number of exact or semantically correct word matches. There is a one to one correspondence between word and blank space. Two or more words may NOT go in one blank space. Reported score is the number of correct words over the number possible. This score may be expressed as a percent correct. Recommendation, use the key indicating acceptable words that fit each blank in the passage. (see next slide )

11. Manual pp. 80 & 81 jackal thingalong Ian 5/14/02 S-2 waz by side in boyjust taste something

12. Cloze in the US These measures have been in use since the 1950s. Another comprehension procedure - maze also used and recommended by some as easier -selection response. Technical adequacy of Cloze is moderate to high and acceptable in US research.

13. Cloze in Trinidad & Tobago Sample included 100 boys and 100 girls Standard 1 and Standard 2 Randomly sampled classrooms Group administration (may be individually administered) Measures obtained on parallel forms three periods during the 2001-02 school year

14. Close results in Trinidad & Tobago p. 66

16. p. 67

17. p. 68