1. STAGE 6 TEST REVIEW
TIME WILL BE LIMITED TOMORROW, SO PLEASE BE ON TIME. PLEASE BRING YOUR COMPLETED STAGE 6 REVIEW FOR 5 POINTS BONUS.

2. Test Format 82 Questions Reading passage (13 lines)
10 m/c comprehension questions
5 grammar questions (tense of verbs)
10 derivatives
5 m/c “choose the best translation”
15 t/f Culture
5 matching (id the verb tense)
10 m/c (match subject, either singular or plural, to verb)
6 noun ending matching (he, she, they)
5 m/c (describe the action in the picture)
6 adsum, ades, adest, adsunt OR absum, abes, abest, absunt
aderam, aderat OR aberam, aberat

3. Culture Review What were six conditions one had to endure as a slave?
Loss of freedom
Possibly being sold away from your family
Possibly having your family sold away from you
No individual rights or liberties
Unable to make any decisions for yourself
Treated as a child, as for decision making
What did the law consider slaves to be?
Property
Describe how the slaves' lives were intertwined with free people's lives.
Slaves often lived in the homes of their master. Slaves and free men were often found working together. 

4. Culture Review 4. How was slavery regarded in these times?
A normal and necessary part of life
5. In what three ways did good masters show kindness to their slaves?
They were sometimes treated like family members.
They might be properly educated.
They might be given their freedom.
They may be able to own property.
6. What were three ways to become a slave?
Prisoner of war
Captured by pirates & sold into slavery
Born into slavery
7. By the first century A.D. what was the ratio of slaves to free people?
30%-40% of the population or 1/3 – almost 1/2

5. Culture Review 8. How many slaves did most families own?
A few to a dozen, depending upon an individual’s wealth
9. How many slaves did Caecilius own? 12
10. What was special about Pedanius Secundus?
He had 400 slaves (in his house, wow!)
11. What were four areas where slaves worked outside of the city?
Farms, mines, shepherds or ranchers, building roads
12. What were eight types of jobs done by city slaves?
Cooks, gardeners, general servants, hairdressers, laborers in factories, musicians, actors, entertainers, accountants, secretaries, school teachers, doctors, midwives, managers of businesses or corporations, etc.

6. Culture Review
14. Why were foreign travelers surprised when they visited Rome or Italy?
There was so little visible difference between slaves and a poor free men, whether in dress, work or treatment.
15. What usually dictated the way masters treated their slaves?
Common sense
16. What were three circumstances under which a slave might be freed?
Freeing an educated or trained slave was common.
Freedom could be given as a reward (like Felix).
Freedom was given upon the death of the master.
17. What was the earliest age at which a slave could be freed? 30

7. Culture Review 18. What was manumissio?
The act of freeing a slave; manus - hand & mitto – to send
19. What was a libertus?
An ex-slave
20. Describe three ceremonies for freeing slaves.
A formal, legal ceremony in front of a judge
A witness, with the master and the slave both present, pronounced that the slave was not owned by the master. The master would not deny the claim, and then the slave’s head would be touched with a rod.
A master might just make a declaration of freedom in front of witnesses or he might invite the friend to recline on the couch and share dinner with him.

8. Culture Review
21. In what two activities could a freedman not participate?
He could not be a candidate for election or become a high-ranking officer in the military.
22. In what two activities was a freedman attached to his former master?
An ex-slave would be a cliens to his ex-master and visit him regularly to pay his respects.
He had to work for him for a fixed number of days per year.
23. What did the freedman take from his master?
His name
24. How could freedmen earn a living?
They often did the same work as when they were slaves. Often they were set up in business by their ex-masters.
25. Who were the Vettii and what of theirs remains today?
They were freedmen who lived in Pompeii. They owned a magnificent house in Pompeii which is still their today.
26. How was a freedman related to our family in Pompeii?
 Caecilius’ father was a freedman.

9. NOUNS Infans furem spectabat.
NOMINATIVE AND ACCUSATIVE
SINGULAR & PLURAL
GIVE THE NUMBER (SING.PL.), CASE, & MEANING OF THE UNDERLINED NOUNS.
Infans furem spectabat.
The infant was watching the thief. Sing., nominative
Multi spectatores actorem exspectant.
Many spectators are waiting for the actor. Sing., accus.
1ST DECLENSION
SING.
PL.
NOMINATE (SN) -a
-ae
ACCUSATIVE (DO)
-am
(-as)
2nd DECLENSION
SING.
PL.
NOMINATE (SN)
-us,
-um -i
ACCUSATIVE (DO)
(-os)
3rd DECLENSION
SING.
PL.
NOMINATE (SN) -
-es
ACCUSATIVE (DO)
-em

10. NOUNS CONT. SELECT THE CORRECT NOUN OR PRONOUN
_____furem pulsat Mater/ matrem
Mater furem pulsat The mother hits the thief.
fur_____petivit infans/infantem
Fur infantem petivit. The thief headed for the child.
____amicum ad villam invitas Tu/ego
Tu amicum ad villam invitas You invite the friend to the house.

11. PRONOUNS DIRECTIONS: Select the correct pronoun that takes the place of the underlined noun. He She They
Agricolae are coming to town.
They
Clemens is not working. He
Metella et Caecilius are here.
They

12. Caecilius et Metella ad theatrum ambulabant.
VERB TENSE DIRECTIONS: GIVE THE TENSE OF THE FOLLOWING UNDERLINED VERBS.
Caecilius et Metella ad theatrum ambulabant.
Caecilius and Metella were walking to the theatre. IMPERFECT
Metella coquum laudavit.
Metella praised the cook.
PERFECT
present
Sing.
Pl.
1st pers. -o -
2nd pers. -s
3rd pers. -t
-nt
Imperf.
Sing.
Pl.
1st pers. -
2nd pers.
3rd pers.
-bat
-bant
perfect
Sing.
Pl.
1st pers. -
2nd pers.
3rd pers.
-it
-erunt
(am, is, are, do, does) (was, were) (has, have, did, -ed)

13. VERB TENSE CONT. festinat Hurries = present tense Bibebant
were drinking = imperfect tense
portaverunt
Carried = perfect
present
Sing.
Pl.
1st pers. -o -
2nd pers. -s
3rd pers. -t
-nt
Imperf.
Sing.
Pl.
1st pers. -
2nd pers.
3rd pers.
-bat
-bant
Perfect
Sing.
Pl.
1st pers. -
2nd pers.
3rd pers.
-it
-erunt
(am, is, are, do, does) (was, were) (has, have, did, -ed)

14. VERB TENSE CONT. vendebant They were selling. = imperfect tense
superavit
He overcame. = perfect tense
sunt
They are = present tense (verb of being)
Present
Verb of being
Sing.
Pl.
1st pers.
sum -
2nd pers. Es
3rd pers.
est
sunt
Imperf.
Sing.
Pl.
1st pers. -
2nd pers.
3rd pers.
-bat
-bant
Perfect
Sing.
Pl.
1st pers. -
2nd pers.
3rd pers.
-it
-erunt
(am, is, are, do, does) (was, were) (has, have, did, -ed)

15. VERB TENSE CONT. erant They were. = imperfect tense (verb of being)
recitabat
He was reciting. = imperfect
Imperf.
Verb of being
Sing.
Pl.
1st pers. -
2nd pers.
3rd pers.
erat
erant
Imperf.
Sing.
Pl.
1st pers. -
2nd pers.
3rd pers.
-bat
-bant
Perfect
Sing.
Pl.
1st pers. -
2nd pers.
3rd pers.
-it
-erunt
(am, is, are, do, does) (was, were) (has, have, did, -ed)

16. They are absent. = present tense aderat He was here. = imperfect tense
COMPOUNDED VERBS: verbs formed with the preposition ad (to) or ab (away from)
absunt
They are absent. = present tense
aderat
He was here. = imperfect tense
adest
He is present. = present
Imperf.
Verb of being
Sing.
Pl.
1st pers.
eram -
2nd pers.
eras
3rd pers.
erat
erant
Present
Verb of being
Sing.
Pl.
1st pers.
sum -
2nd pers. es
3rd pers.
est
sunt
(am, are) (was, were)

17. They are here. = present tense aberam I was out. = imperfect tense
COMPOUNDED VERBS: verbs formed with the preposition ad (to) or ab (away from)
adsunt
They are here. = present tense
aberam
I was out. = imperfect tense
abes
You are absent. = present
Imperf.
Verb of being
Sing.
Pl.
1st pers.
eram -
2nd pers.
eras
3rd pers.
erat
erant
Present
Verb of being
Sing.
Pl.
1st pers.
sum -
2nd pers. es
3rd pers.
est
sunt
(am, are) (was, were)

18. DERIVATIVES What do you think the following English words mean based on their Latin root?
furtive (furtive)
sneaky
Vituperation (vituperation)
Fault finding, cursing
Superable (Superable)
Able to be accomplished
Fortitude (fortitude)
bravery

19. TERMS TO KNOW Manumissio Verna Alumnus Peculium Act of freeing a slave
Slave born into a household
Alumnus
Slave acquired as a small child
Peculium
Money owned by a slave.