1. Elements of the sea What do we think about with the title elements of the sea? Remember were in chemistry

2. Atoms and Ions Ions in solution Group 7 Manufacturing Dipoles Bonding Halogenoalkanes Elements of the sea Ionic Formulae

3. Content Process Benefit Ionic solids Concentrations in solution Precipitation reaction Demo an reaction Calculations Understand how particles interact

4. What is an ion? A charged particle If positive they are called ? How do they become positive? If negative they are called? How do they become negative? Draw an ionic structure (label it) How are they held together?

5. What is an ion? A charged particle If positive they are called ? Cation How do they become positive? Lose an e- If negative they are called? Anion How do they become negative? Gain an e- Draw an ionic structure (ionic lattice) How are they held together? Electrostatic forces

6. Ionic Lattice Ions in solution

7. Precipitation reaction Creating a solid Ions that are not involved in the reaction (spectator ion) can be removed Summarise into...... Ionic equation – state symbols important! Ionic precipitation Ag+ (aq) + NO 3 - (aq) + Na+ (aq) + Cl- (aq) AgCl (s) + Na+ (aq) + NO 3 - (aq) Ag+ (aq) + Cl- (aq) AgCl (s)

8. Precipitation reaction Rules for ionic precipitation (learn) All nitrates are soluble All chlorides; except AgCl and PbCl 2 Most sulfates are soluable except for BaSO 4, PbSO 4 and SrSO 4 All Na/K/NH 4 + salts are soluble All carbonates are insoluble (except NH 4 + + gp 1 elements) Ions that are not involved in the reaction (spectator ion) Summarise into...... Ionic equation – state symbols important! Ionic precipitation

9. Solution Concentration Concentration = Conc. (gdm -3 ) (moldm -3 ) molar mass ( gmol -1 ) No. of moles = Conc. (moldm -3 ) x Vol (dm -3 ) n c v n= moles (mol) c= conc. (moldm -3 ) V= vol (dm -3 ) 1000 cm 3 =1dm 3

10. Chemical Ideas 1.5 Concentration = Conc. (gdm -3 ) (moldm -3 ) molar mass ( gmol -1 ) No. of moles = Conc. (moldm -3 ) x Vol (dm -3 ) n c v n= moles (mol) c= conc. (moldm -3 ) V= vol (dm -3 ) 1000 cm 3 =1dm 3

11. Try this – table vs table NaOH - which goes where? Make up your own card sort of a compound – with at least 3 concentrations/volumes/moles

12. Exam question Make up your own card sort of a compound – with at least 3 different concentrations/volumes + moles

13. Best Choice – Salters A level / ES Formula, equations, amount / Concentration Finish CI1.5 CI5.1 CS ES1