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2. © 2007 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. The information contained herein is subject to change without notice Foundation for an agile IT infrastructure: Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 / Virtualization Technical Overview Jan Mark Holzer jmh@redhat.com Consulting Engineer Emerging Technology Group CTO Office

3. Security Agility Reduced Cost Security Agility Reduced Cost Foundation for an agile IT Infrastructure: Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 Virtualization Technical Overview Jan Mark Holzer jmh@redhat.com Consulting Engineer Emerging Technology Group CTO Office

4. HP Technology Forum June 2007 / RHEL5 Tech Overview Product features subject to change prior to availability 4 Outline Red Hat Enterprise Linux Overview RHEL5 & Virt Performance Data RHEL5/Virt Technical Overview RHEL5/Virt Management Tools High Availability an Xen Q&A Red Hat Enterprise Linux

5. Red Hat Enterprise Linux Overview

6. 6 HP Technology Forum June 2007 / RHEL5 Tech Overview Product features subject to change prior to availability What's new in Version 5? Enterprise Linux Advanced Platform Integrated virtualization Industry leading performance and price/performance Enhanced and easy to use security Improved networking and interoperability Enhanced development tools New SLAs Enhanced client

7. 7 HP Technology Forum June 2007 / RHEL5 Tech Overview Product features subject to change prior to availability Red Hat development model Collaboration with partners and open source contributors to develop technology Deliver complete distributions in two stages for two users First stage Fedora: The development vehicle New versions approximately twice each year Unsupported Fast moving, latest technology Second stage Red Hat Enterprise Linux New versions approximately every 18 – 22 months Supported and certified Stable, mature, commercially focused technologies

8. 8 HP Technology Forum June 2007 / RHEL5 Tech Overview Product features subject to change prior to availability Source: http://lwn.net/Articles/222773/ Linux 2.6.20 Contributors Red Hat is the leading commercial contributor to the ongoing kernel development process Significantly ahead of Novell & Oracle Also a leader or major contributor to many other open source projects

9. 9 HP Technology Forum June 2007 / RHEL5 Tech Overview Product features subject to change prior to availability Choice: Linux Distribution Mind Map http://linuxhelp.blogspot.com

10. 10 HP Technology Forum June 2007 / RHEL5 Tech Overview Product features subject to change prior to availability Red Hat Enterprise Linux Overview 2005200620072008 2010 2009 RHEL 5 RHEL 4 RHEL 3 RHEL 2.1 RHEL 3 in transition from Full Support to Maintenance mode. Final bug-fix-only update 9 planned for after RHEL 5 and 4.5 releases. Improved para-virtualized drivers planned. RHEL 5 public release on March 14th, 2007 Introducing Virtualization and the Advanced Platform. Long RHEL 5.1 end of October. RHEL 4.5 released May 2nd. Lengthened release cycle to avoid schedule overlap. Support of RHEL4 para-virt guests on RHEL5. Extended full support phase of approx. 3 years, RHEL 4.6 in November. Final bug-fix-only release, similar to 3.9 in August '08. U7U8... U3U4 U9 4.5 4.6 No schedule for next major release yest. Planning is driven by customer and partner requirements. Fedora 7 about to be released. 5.15.2 4.7 4.8

11. 11 HP Technology Forum June 2007 / RHEL5 Tech Overview Product features subject to change prior to availability RHEL Virtualization Roadmap 20072008 2010 2009 RHEL 5 5.15.2 RHEL 5.1 HVM Improvements Performance (Hot-) Migration 32 on 64 bit para-virtualized. Dom0 KDump IA64 Support Libvirt enhancement Security Post-RHEL 5.1 Para-VIrtualized drivers for HVM RHEL 3, later 4. Para-Virtualized drivers for Windows. RHEL 5.2 Large System Support NUMA Memory Nested Page Table support planned. Path for CIM support on top of libvirt. Virtual Desktop RHEL 5.0 GA Core Virtualization. Para-Virt RHEL on RHEL, 32/32, 64/64 bit, x86 & x86_64 Libvirt management RHEL 5 guests RHEL 4 guests with 4.5+

12. 12 HP Technology Forum June 2007 / RHEL5 Tech Overview Product features subject to change prior to availability Update Red Hat Enterprise Linux Lifecycle Standard lifecycle of 7 years from GA. Fixed dates are the GA date, the GA+3.5 years transition into Maintenance, and the GA+7 years end date of the standard lifecycle. Transition Phase Transition from Full Support to Maintenance Final bugfix-only minor release: so ~6 month Scope: defects reported during Full Support. 2.Maintenance Phase Time between the final update release and the end of the 7 years standard lifecycle, so length of roughly 3.5 years. Critical bug and security fixes only... Planning based on customer requirements, hardware lifecycles and upstream development. One year overlap between two Full Support Phase of two subsequent major releases. Full Support Phase 6 minor releases, 2 per year, roughly a 6- months cycle, so approx. 3 years in total. Hardware enablement General bugfixing General features ISO images Async bug, enhancement, and security fixes depending on importance of the issue.

13. 13 HP Technology Forum June 2007 / RHEL5 Tech Overview Product features subject to change prior to availability Extended Update Support: The z-Stream Extended Update Support to provide maintenance streams for the individual minor releases (z-streams). Scope: critical security- and bugfixes. Allows customers to stay on a specific minor release codebase after the next minor release has been published. Z-streams run until the third subsequent minor (roughly 18 months) release. To be offered as an optional add-on to all Red Hat Enterprise Linux server subscriptions. EUS to start with the 4.5 and will be available for 5.0 releases before 5.1.

14. 14 HP Technology Forum June 2007 / RHEL5 Tech Overview Product features subject to change prior to availability Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5: Product summary Servers: Red Hat Enterprise Linux Advanced Platform for mainstream customers Unlimited server size and virtualization capabilities Maximum flexibility and value Red Hat Enterprise Linux available for small environments Clients: Red Hat Enterprise Linux Desktop Workstation and Multi-OS options for special environments High volume security and manageability

15. 15 HP Technology Forum June 2007 / RHEL5 Tech Overview Product features subject to change prior to availability Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5: Feature Summary Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 comprises more than 1200 components Over two years of development Technology created by: Red Hat Partners Community

16. 16 HP Technology Forum June 2007 / RHEL5 Tech Overview Product features subject to change prior to availability Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5: Feature Summary Features exposed to extensive testing with Fedora Core 4/5/6 Ensures high quality Application interfaces held stable for life of product

17. 17 HP Technology Forum June 2007 / RHEL5 Tech Overview Product features subject to change prior to availability Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 Latest generation of the world's leading commercial open source environment Comprehensive OEM and ISV certifications Leadership quality, performance and security Supports Intel & AMD 32-bit/64-bit, Itanium2, IBM Power and mainframe Includes virtualization for x86 & x86-64 architectures

18. 18 HP Technology Forum June 2007 / RHEL5 Tech Overview Product features subject to change prior to availability Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 Single mainstream server product: Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 Advanced Platform Offers compete coverage of server market, comprehensive technology, and maximum scalability and flexibility Easy transition from previous Red Hat Enterprise Linux releases provided Base server product also available: Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 Classic Red Hat Enterprise Linux capabilities

19. 19 HP Technology Forum June 2007 / RHEL5 Tech Overview Product features subject to change prior to availability Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 Advanced Platform Extends the base product to provide a complete solution for virtualized environments The ideal solution for the mainstream customers Advanced Platform provides Integrated server and storage capabilities Unlimited guest operating systems Guest migration with consistent storage Application migration* Cluster Logical Volume Management & Global File System* Seamless expansion across multiple systems Enhanced management capabilities Easy transition for Red Hat Enterprise Linux AS customers Provides significantly greater capabilities * Previously offered as separate layered products: Red Hat Global File System and Red Hat Cluster Suite

20. 20 HP Technology Forum June 2007 / RHEL5 Tech Overview Product features subject to change prior to availability Advanced Platform benefits Designed for mainstream customers who seek the advantages of virtualization without complexity or risk Provides a full virtualization infrastructure in one complete package Eliminates the need to create a solution using multiple products from different vendors Reduced solution cost Reduced deployment time Integrated installation and management Extensive documentation Training services Installation and maintenance services

21. 21 HP Technology Forum June 2007 / RHEL5 Tech Overview Product features subject to change prior to availability Red Hat virtualization architecture Physical computing and storage components provide a central pool of resources Virtual systems with appropriate compute, memory, and data can be dynamically allocated, provisioned, and managed

22. 22 HP Technology Forum June 2007 / RHEL5 Tech Overview Product features subject to change prior to availability Development Approach Requirements: Stability, reliability, effectiveness Release focus is on foundational elements Innovation rate is high in virtualization technologies Stable platform with stable APIs for easy enhancement Support for x86, x86_64, UP and SMP at GA Support for IA64, PPC tech preview in RHEL5 GA Focus is on foundational elements Priority is to deliver hooks, APIs to enable continued development of rich management & monitoring tools At a minimum, will include: libvirt – local Virtual Machine (VM) management API create, destroy, start, stop, suspend, resume basic support for hot and cold migration iSCSI, GFS2 (tech preview in RHEL5 GA), NFS containers Virtual block, network

23. 23 HP Technology Forum June 2007 / RHEL5 Tech Overview Product features subject to change prior to availability libvirt: Stable and Open API Management of hypervisor(s) Hypervisor agnostic Stable API for application developers Isolation from Xen HV instability Isolation from XenD protocol changes Formalized error reporting/handling XML definitions for Vms Distributed in FC4/FC5/FC6/F7/RHEL5/Debian/OpenSolaris Core API in C, Python/Perl bindings CLI access via virsh

24. 24 HP Technology Forum June 2007 / RHEL5 Tech Overview Product features subject to change prior to availability Installation tools: Anaconda Red Hat Installer is Virtualization-aware ; ease Virtualization setup and installation Management Tools: Red Hat Network ISV and IHV Certification Storage: Global File System (GFS) integration Red Hat Added Value Hypervisor Red Hat Enterprise Linux Hardware RH Cluster Suite GFS Red Hat Network Red Hat Delivers Useful, Reliable, and Tested Solutions App3 RHEL 5 Dom 3 App2 RHEL 4 Dom 2 App1 RHEL 3 Dom 1

25. 25 HP Technology Forum June 2007 / RHEL5 Tech Overview Product features subject to change prior to availability RHN Integration

26. 26 HP Technology Forum June 2007 / RHEL5 Tech Overview Product features subject to change prior to availability RHN Integration

27. 27 HP Technology Forum June 2007 / RHEL5 Tech Overview Product features subject to change prior to availability Guest/Hypervisor Matrix with PAE For Paravirtual, the guest has to be equal to dom0 For HVM, the guest has to be equal or less than dom0 RHEL5/Xen Hypervisor itself must be EQUAL to dom0 Goal to support 32bit para-virt on 64bit dom0/HV for RHEL 5.1

28. 28 HP Technology Forum June 2007 / RHEL5 Tech Overview Product features subject to change prior to availability Platform/Guest Release Support in RHEL5 Fully supported by Red Hat Para-virtualized guest support RHEL5 at GA (Q1/2007) RHEL4 shortly after (RHEL4 U5 / RHEL 4.5 / April 2007) SMP and UP support for all RHEL para-virt guests Fully-virtualized support (with appropriate hardware features(VTx or AMD-V) All existing and supported RHEL releases RHEL3, RHEL4, AS 2.1 (tbd) SMP and UP support Will/Should work operating systems (best effort support by Red Hat) Fully virt support only for any foreign operating systems SUSE SLES9/SLES10 OpenSolaris Windows Other x86/x86_64 OS

29. 29 HP Technology Forum June 2007 / RHEL5 Tech Overview Product features subject to change prior to availability Preliminary RHEL5 Virt Performance Data

30. 30 HP Technology Forum June 2007 / RHEL5 Tech Overview Product features subject to change prior to availability Red Hat Base OS Performance

31. 31 HP Technology Forum June 2007 / RHEL5 Tech Overview Product features subject to change prior to availability Enterprise Linux Performance System performance is mostly a measurement of hardware capabilities Rankings change every week as new results displace old results Linux today can match any performance figures produced by Unix and Windows plus/minus a few percent Absolute benchmark leadership is usually a matter of money Red Hat Enterprise Linux results are created in partnership with hardware OEMs Red Hat /HP Summary of positions for June 2007: TPC-C Performance: #6,8 (#1 Cluster result) TPC-C Price/Performance #1 (June 11 2007) TPC-H 300GB Performance: #1,2,4,5,6,10 TPC-H 1000GB Performance: #4 TPC-H 3000GB Performance: #2 TPC/C World Record Cluster Configuration

32. 32 HP Technology Forum June 2007 / RHEL5 Tech Overview Product features subject to change prior to availability Red Hat Virt Single-guest Performance

33. 33 HP Technology Forum June 2007 / RHEL5 Tech Overview Product features subject to change prior to availability Red Hat Virt Performance Para-Virt vs Fully Virt VTx

34. 34 HP Technology Forum June 2007 / RHEL5 Tech Overview Product features subject to change prior to availability Red Hat Virt Multi-guest Efficiency

35. 35 HP Technology Forum June 2007 / RHEL5 Tech Overview Product features subject to change prior to availability Red Hat Virt Java Multiguest Performance

36. 36 HP Technology Forum June 2007 / RHEL5 Tech Overview Product features subject to change prior to availability Red Hat Virt Multiple Guest Performance

37. 37 HP Technology Forum June 2007 / RHEL5 Tech Overview Product features subject to change prior to availability Red Hat Virt Storage Alternatives

38. 38 HP Technology Forum June 2007 / RHEL5 Tech Overview Product features subject to change prior to availability Tuning using CPU pining Hypervisor allows pining of individual vCPUs to pCPUs Manual process Allows for better distribution of IO to processors with IO connectivity Not persistent across migrations and/or reboots Can't unpin a vCPU from a running guest Ability to fine tune configuration to a specific workload Run smaller number of vCPUs for dom0 Likely a more complex configuration to manage Overall performance improvement 10-15% May want to consider credit scheduler for complx configurations

39. 39 HP Technology Forum June 2007 / RHEL5 Tech Overview Product features subject to change prior to availability Red Hat Virt Performance Enhance CPU Perf w/ Vcpu-pin Tuning

40. 40 HP Technology Forum June 2007 / RHEL5 Tech Overview Product features subject to change prior to availability Tuning using PCI domain Hypervisor can dedicate PCI-domain's to individual guest. Default Xen shared HBA / NICs within guest config. Disk – tested up to 6 Fiber Channel HBAs Network – tested up to 3 1-Gibit network cards Pros - Dedicate physical PCI resource to guest Done in guest configuration file Improve I/O performance 10-15% Cons - Limit throughput when VM's are idle. Limit configuration if planning to use migration

41. 41 HP Technology Forum June 2007 / RHEL5 Tech Overview Product features subject to change prior to availability Tuning using PCI domain

42. 42 HP Technology Forum June 2007 / RHEL5 Tech Overview Product features subject to change prior to availability Xen Technical Overview

43. 43 HP Technology Forum June 2007 / RHEL5 Tech Overview Product features subject to change prior to availability High Level Xen Architecture Hardware Hypervisor Domain 0 Device Driver Back End Domain 1 Front end Domain 2 Front end Virtual CPU & Memory

44. 44 HP Technology Forum June 2007 / RHEL5 Tech Overview Product features subject to change prior to availability Virtual SMP combined with sub-CPU granularity text CPU text CPU text CPU text CPU All available in one offering on RHEL5 VM2 1 4 5 7 8 VM3 VM6 Virtual machine scalability and Higher resource utilization VMn == domUn RHEL5 Virt Platform Virtual Machines

45. 45 HP Technology Forum June 2007 / RHEL5 Tech Overview Product features subject to change prior to availability Memory ballooning VM 1 VMn == domUn RHEL5 Virt Platform Virtual Machines 1GB 2GB Current Memory Size Max Memory Size 0.5GB 1GB VM 2 Max Mem Curr Mem ME M 1GB ME M 1GB ME M 1GB ME M 1GB Guest can be configured to balloon/grow their current memory footprint Allows for online expansion and growth Can use virt-manager or CLI interface for management

46. 46 HP Technology Forum June 2007 / RHEL5 Tech Overview Product features subject to change prior to availability Memory ballooning VM 1 VMn == domUn RHEL5 Virt Platform Virtual Machines 1GB 2GB Current Memory Size Max Memory Size 0.5GB 1GB VM 2 Max Mem Curr Mem ME M 1GB ME M 1GB ME M 1GB ME M 1GB Growing guest VM2 to 1GB using memory ballooning Now both guests have increased their available memory online Resize database SGA Increase available VM for applications etc...

47. 47 HP Technology Forum June 2007 / RHEL5 Tech Overview Product features subject to change prior to availability I/O virtualization SAN Virtual Machine 1 Virtual Machine 2Virtual Machine 3 SAN Physical Disks Partition(s) Logical Volumes SAN Storage Arrays File Containers CD/DVD DriveISO Images RHEL5 Virt Platform

48. 48 HP Technology Forum June 2007 / RHEL5 Tech Overview Product features subject to change prior to availability Dynamic I/O Sharing Virtual servers I/O packets directed to I/O cards by the HyperVisor/dom0 Virtual Machine 1 Virtual Machine 2Virtual Machine 3 I/O card can be dedicated to a virtual machine for performance isolation vHB A RHEL5 Virt Platform

49. 49 HP Technology Forum June 2007 / RHEL5 Tech Overview Product features subject to change prior to availability Dynamic Network I/O Sharing Virtual machines network packets directed to physical NIC by the HyperVisor/dom0 NIC can be dedicated to a virtual machine for performance isolation Virtual Bridge NIC 1 Virtual Bridge DMZ Virtual Bridge NIC 2 Virtual NIC may be defined without a physical NIC for guest-to-guest communication Virtual Machine 1 Virtual Machine 2Virtual Machine 3 vNIC RHEL5 Virt Platform

50. 50 HP Technology Forum June 2007 / RHEL5 Tech Overview Product features subject to change prior to availability Virtualization Management Tools

51. 51 HP Technology Forum June 2007 / RHEL5 Tech Overview Product features subject to change prior to availability virt-manager / initial connection

52. 52 HP Technology Forum June 2007 / RHEL5 Tech Overview Product features subject to change prior to availability virt-manager / VM Creation Wizzard

53. 53 HP Technology Forum June 2007 / RHEL5 Tech Overview Product features subject to change prior to availability virt-manager Install Wizard (Resources)

54. 54 HP Technology Forum June 2007 / RHEL5 Tech Overview Product features subject to change prior to availability virt-manager Install (console)

55. 55 HP Technology Forum June 2007 / RHEL5 Tech Overview Product features subject to change prior to availability KVM virt-manager (Hardware Selection)

56. 56 HP Technology Forum June 2007 / RHEL5 Tech Overview Product features subject to change prior to availability KVM virt-manager (Storage/Resource Selection)

57. 57 HP Technology Forum June 2007 / RHEL5 Tech Overview Product features subject to change prior to availability KVM virt-manager (Summary)

58. 58 HP Technology Forum June 2007 / RHEL5 Tech Overview Product features subject to change prior to availability High Availability & Virtualization

59. 59 HP Technology Forum June 2007 / RHEL5 Tech Overview Product features subject to change prior to availability Cluster 1 LUCI Brows er SSL Clust er 2 Clust er 3 ricci Conga – Cluster Web Management (& more) ricci Secure Web Interface Installation Configuration Cluster provisioning Storage Provisioning Service Configuration

60. 60 HP Technology Forum June 2007 / RHEL5 Tech Overview Product features subject to change prior to availability

61. 61 HP Technology Forum June 2007 / RHEL5 Tech Overview Product features subject to change prior to availability

62. 62 HP Technology Forum June 2007 / RHEL5 Tech Overview Product features subject to change prior to availability

63. 63 HP Technology Forum June 2007 / RHEL5 Tech Overview Product features subject to change prior to availability Highly Available RHEL5 Host RHEL5 Host A Guest RHEL5 Host B Shared Storage Guest running as a RHCS service Guest 1 Guest 2Guest X

64. 64 HP Technology Forum June 2007 / RHEL5 Tech Overview Product features subject to change prior to availability Highly Available RHEL5 Host RHEL5 Host A Guest RHEL5 Host B Shared Storage Guest running as a RHCS service Guest 1 Guest 2Guest X Automatic failover upon Hypervisor failure

65. 65 HP Technology Forum June 2007 / RHEL5 Tech Overview Product features subject to change prior to availability Highly Available RHEL5 Host RHEL5 Host A Guest RHEL5 Host B Shared Storage App Guest 2Guest X Guest 1 Guests running as independent cluster Hypervisor clustered via RHCS

66. 66 HP Technology Forum June 2007 / RHEL5 Tech Overview Product features subject to change prior to availability Highly Available RHEL5 Host RHEL5 Host A RHEL5 Host B Shared Storage Guest 2 App Guest X Guest 1 Guests running as independent cluster Hypervisor clustered via RHCS Application failover upon hosts/guest failure

67. 67 HP Technology Forum June 2007 / RHEL5 Tech Overview Product features subject to change prior to availability Highly Available RHEL5 Host RHEL5 Host A Guest RHEL5 Host B Shared Storage Guest 2 App Guest X Guest 1 Guests running as independent cluster Hypervisor clustered via RHCS Application failover upon hosts/guest failure

68. 68 HP Technology Forum June 2007 / RHEL5 Tech Overview Product features subject to change prior to availability Highly Available RHEL5 Host RHEL5 Host A RHEL5 Host B Shared Storage App Guest 2 Guest X Guests running as independent cluster RHEL5 Host C Guest 1 Guest X Hypervisor and bare metal host clustered via RHCS

69. 69 HP Technology Forum June 2007 / RHEL5 Tech Overview Product features subject to change prior to availability Highly Available RHEL5 Host RHEL5 Host A RHEL5 Host B Shared Storage Guest 2 Guest X Guests running as independent cluster RHEL5 Host C App Guest 1 Guest X Application can migrate to another Guest/VM Hypervisor and bare metal host clustered via RHCS

70. 70 HP Technology Forum June 2007 / RHEL5 Tech Overview Product features subject to change prior to availability Highly Available RHEL5 Host RHEL5 Host A RHEL5 Host B Shared Storage Guest 2 Guest X Guests running as independent cluster Hypervisor and bare metal host clustered via RHCS RHEL5 Host C App Guest 1 Guest X Application can migrate to a bare metal system

71. 71 HP Technology Forum June 2007 / RHEL5 Tech Overview Product features subject to change prior to availability RHEL5 Disaster Recovery RHEL5 Site A RHEL5 Site B Shared Storage Guest 1 Guest 2 Guest X Guest Image Guest Image Guest Image Guest Image Guest Image Guest Image XP/CA, EVA/CA

72. 72 HP Technology Forum June 2007 / RHEL5 Tech Overview Product features subject to change prior to availability RHEL5 Disaster Recovery RHEL5 Site A RHEL5 Site B Shared Storage Guest 1 Guest 2 Guest X Guest Image Guest Image Guest Image Guest Image Guest Image Guest Image

73. 73 HP Technology Forum June 2007 / RHEL5 Tech Overview Product features subject to change prior to availability RHEL5 Disaster Recovery RHEL5 Site A RHEL5 Site B Shared Storage Guest 1 Guest 2 Guest X Guest Image Guest Image Guest Image XP/CA, EVA/CA

74. 74 HP Technology Forum June 2007 / RHEL5 Tech Overview Product features subject to change prior to availability Solving real business problems Virtual Machine relocation enables High Availability: machine maintenance Load Balancing: statistical multiplexing gain Live Migration

75. 75 HP Technology Forum June 2007 / RHEL5 Tech Overview Product features subject to change prior to availability Consider the possibilities...

76. 76 HP Technology Forum June 2007 / RHEL5 Tech Overview Product features subject to change prior to availability Resources Red Hat http://www.redhat.com/ Virtualization Infocenter http://www.openvirtualization.com/ libvirt http://www.libvirt.org/ Virt-Manager http://virt-manager.et.redhat.com/ Red Hat Cluster Suite http://www.redhat.com/solutions/gfs/ Red Hat Emerging Technology Group http://et.redhat.com/

77. 77 HP Technology Forum June 2007 / RHEL5 Tech Overview Product features subject to change prior to availability Questions? Thanks

78. HP Technology Forum & Expo Get connected. People. Technology. Solutions.