1. IUCN Categories Summit Almeria, Spain 7-11 May, 2007 Workshop Session II Experience with Application of Specific Categories Session 2: Categories III and IV Jim Barborak Thomas Brooks, Chair Grazia Borrini-Feyerabend Nigel Dudley Abdellah El Mastour Jordi Falgarona I Bosch Arturo Lopez Ornat Tony Turner Ruano Vaisanen

2. Category III: the 1994 definition Areas managed mainly for conservation of natural features (i.e. Natural Monument) Area containing one or more specific natural or natural/cultural feature which is of outstanding or unique value because of its inherent rarity, representative or aesthetic qualities of cultural significance Primary management objectives are preservation of species and genetic diversity, protection of specific natural/cultural features, and tourism and recreation

3. Category III: discussion Make this category less odd! PAs in this category should have a clear rationale for how their specific ecosystem feature (e.g. caves, waterfalls, serpentine formations, fossil beds, petrified forests, volcanoes, sea-vents, etc) or cultural feature (e.g. sacred groves, scenic attractions, etc) is related to biodiversity Often but not necessarily small, often suitable for education, research, outdoor recreation, economic benefits In many cases will be nested within PA complexes of other categories Obvious errors in application: individual Southern Right Whales in Argentina

4. Category IV: the 1994 definition Conservation through active management (i.e. habitat/species management area) Area of land and/or sea subject to active intervention for management purposes so as to ensure the maintenance of habitats and/or to meet the requirements of specific species Primary management objectives are preservation of species and genetic diversity and maintenance of environmental services

5. Category IV: discussion Focus on species conservation or sustainable use Agreement that manipulation doesnt have to be active, although must have the ability to intervene if necessary (e.g. temporal zoning, future response to climate change) More than intervention, which can occur in PAs of all categories (e.g. invasive species removal) Importance in, e.g. protection of Alliance for Zero Extinction sites Obvious errors in application: MPAs for fisheries management (which should be Category VI)