1. Lesson 1:Introduction to Programming (Python/Java)
Computer Science 1
Mr. Bernstein

2. Hardware Vs Software
What’s the difference?
Hardware:
Software:

3. Some Examples
Hardware:
Software:

4. The problem with Binary… Machine Code to the Rescue!
As simple as Binary is, it’s very difficult for Hardware to use
Instead…Hardware uses Machine Code - which translates into binary

5. The problem with Machine Code… Programming Languages to the Rescue!
Ok, so Machine code is understood by hardware…
But very difficult for humans to understand and write…
So programming languages were created (semi-English) that translate into Machine Code!
ZOMG!, now, code-monkeys like u and me can tell hardware what to do without having to learn Machine Code or Binary!!!

6. Quick History of Programming
1950s – Chaos Grammin!
No real structure  very buggy and expensive
Cheaper to do stuff by hand(less expensive)
Not dependable  locked away in big rooms with AC and lots of programmers to make sure they worked
– Functional Grammin !
Allowed programmers to create functions
Can write Bigger Programs Faster
Still difficult to find bugs
Example : Fortran

7. Quick History of Programming (continued)
– Structured Grammin !
Programmers finally figured out that they needed a lang that would be easier to debug
Instead of having random bits of info flying everywhere they structured it such that all data about a certain thing was all in one place.
So like, 4Eg, all info for a Car (year,color,model) would be stored in one place
If something went wrong with the car data, the grammers would know where to go
Example : C

8. Quick History of Programming (continued)
1990-present – OOP !(no it’s not the singular form of oops, it’s object oriented programming )
Expanded the concept of Structured Programming into something called a class
Instead of just storing data, this class can actually do certain actions. 4Eg: A car can accelerate, break, turn, honk etc.
Ex: C++ , Java, Python, Pascal

9. Some Terms
Source Code
The Source Code is the actual code the programmer writes – Our source code will be in Python and Java
Interpreter
A software program converts the source code to object code
Will only do so if there are no language errors in the source code
Executable file
A software program that executes the commands you wrote in your source code

10. How Python/Java Works Programmer types Source Code
Programmer runs Source code through a Compiler
Compiler/Interpreter checks for errors, if none, will produce Object Code
Programmer will run Object Code Through a Linker
Linker will create an Executable
Programmer can now run the Executable Software!

11. Python – Snake or Circus?
Python comes from Monty Python
Python has a lot of hidden references from Monty Python Flying Circus

12. Warmup from yesterday How does Python Work ?

13. Summary Not too long ago software was not that dependable
Went from Chaos, to Functional, to Structured to OOP
OOP is soo hott now. Now almost everything we do depends on reliable software.
Java/Python is a lang that uses OOP
SrcCodeinterpreterObjectCodeLinker Executable