1. Taste and olfaction Dr. Altdorfer Károly

2. Taste and smell - associated with memory and emotion Taste and smell can influence gastrointestinal secretion

3. Umami from the Japanese umami ( うま み ) meaning "pleasant savory taste” - Glutamate - Taste in food selection: sweet - nutritious food. bitter – avoided Taste

8. Secondary sensory epithelium

10. Parietal operculum collaterals to - hypothalamus and - CN secretomotor nuclei

11. Olfaction

13. Primary sensory epithelium

17. Rhinencephalon stria olfactoria medialis, et lateralis

18. Lateral olfactory stria through limen insulae: 1) Prepiriform area (Br 51; primary olfactory cortex): Ambient gyrus, semilunar gyrus, corticomedial nuclear group of amygdala 2) Axons of these neurons go entorhinal area (Br 28) - also olfactory cortex. 1) and 2) together: Piriform cortex Medial olfactory stria  septal nuclei (subcallosal, paraterminal gyri)  anterior commissure  limbic system (input!) Aura of temporal (psychomotor) epilepsy often starts with feeling of not existing smells (hallucination).

19. Odors can cause visceral reflexes: - smell of favourite food  salivation - disgusting smell  nausea, vomiting. Connections via medial forebrain bundle (MFB): olfacto-hypothalamo-tegmental association (to autonomic nuclei) Odors can recall memories (orbitofrontal cortex) Odors can influence mood, behaviour (via limbic system)