1. ART APPRECIATION -Mariano M. Ariola
WENRY A. RESURRECCION JR.,MBA
New General Education Courses
Xavier University, Ateneo de Cagayan 2018

2. CLASS RULES Ask questions. Respect and listen to your classmates.
Respect and listen to the instructor.
Raise your hand to speak.
Be prepared for class.
Turn Off your microphone when the instructor is talking.
Be quiet when classmates are talking.
Share new ideas.

3. Be kind
Always do your best
Be a good friend
Be on time
Share with others
Use equipment properly
Obey all school rules
Finish your homework on time
Be respectful of classmates who are working
Have a good attitude
Use positive language

4. Listen with your ears and your eyes
Contribute to discussions
Be respectful of others’ ideas
Follow the teacher’s directions the first time they are given
Cooperate with your classmates
Be creative
Be honest
Use technology appropriately
Be proud of your work

5. CLASS RULES ATTENDANCE
Students are required to attend class regularly. Students who incurred more than the allowable number of unexcused absences (20% of the total contact hours) will be dropped from the class and will be given a grade of Dropped due to excessive absences (D).
In cases of prolonged absences due to medical reasons, students are required to present medical certificates or documents. A student who fails to submit a medical certificate or document will be marked absent for the duration.
18 weeks, 54 hours
8 Absences (D) Dropped

6. GRADING SYSTEM TERM PERCENTAGE Prelim 20% Midterm Pre-Final Final 40%
Total
100%

7. BREAKDOWN OF GRADE FOR EACH TERM PERIOD
EVERY TERM
EQUIVALENCY
Quizzes (2)
40%
Class Participation (Projects, assignments, recitation, attendance.)
10%
Major Exam
50%
Lecture Grade
100%

8. GRADE COMPLAINTS
A student who is in doubt or has complaints on the grade(s) obtained can make an appeal to the College Dean/Program Head/Education Coordinator within one (1) week after receipt of the grade slip.

9. FAILURE TO TAKE A MAJOR EXAMINATION
A student who is absent during the scheduled examination or who is late for more than one(1) hour or who has an examination conflict and therefore fails to take the scheduled examination will still be allowed to take a make-up/special examination as scheduled provided that the student presents:
An excuse slip for being absent during the examination period (sickness, accident, death of immediate family members, etc.)
An excuse slip for being late more than one (1) hour during the scheduled examination.
A certification from the college dean/program head/education coordinator for the conflict examination; or
A certification from cashier/accounting officer for non re payment of the fees during the scheduled examination.

10. Completion

16. “Birds in the Paradise”
Here we sit like, Birds in the Paradise…(3x) Here we sit like Birds in the Paradise, waiting for the others to come. (R-Here) Waiting for the others to come…(2x)

17. Chapter 1- The Meaning and Importance of Art
Concepts
Loosely defined, the term humanities refers to the arts.
The Visual Arts
a. Architecture
b. Painting
c. Sculpture

22. Chapter 1- The Meaning and Importance of Art
B. The Performing Arts a. Music b. Dance c. Theatre/Drama d. Literature They are the branches of learning concerned with human thought, feelings, and relations.

23. 2. The term Art comes from the Italian word, Artis- which means “craftsmanship, skill, mastery of form, inventiveness, and the association that exist between form and ideas and between material and techniques;”. Ar- from the Aryan root which means “to join or “put together”; . Artizein- (Greek Word), which means to “prepare”, and Arkiskein- meaning to “put together”.

24. 3. Art is very important in our lives as it is concerned with the communication of certain ideas and feelings by means of a sensuous medium. a. Color b. Sound c. Bronze d. Marble e. Words f. Film

25. 4. The subject of art is varied
4. The subject of art is varied. Some arts are representational; others are nonrepresentational, non-objective, or abstract. 5. All arts have functions for people since they satisfy particular needs of people. 6. Visual arts or space are those that we perceive with our eye which occupy space. 7. Auditory or time arts are those that can be heard and are expressed in time. 8. Combined arts are those that can be both seen and heard exist in both space and time.

26. Objectives
To explain the meaning, nature, and importance of arts in our lives.
To determine the subject of art and its functions.
To be able to reflect on the functions of art with regard to their personal contributions to the development of art.

27. THE NATURE OF ART
Art is very important in our lives. It constitutes one of the oldest and most important means of expression developed by man. Art has been existent since men have lived together. In fact, in nearly every country, art can be found in primitive societies. Art has been created by all people at all times. it has lived because it is liked and enjoyed.

28. A true work of art is made by man himself not imitative, but creatively. A true artist does not imitate nature but rather interprets it in his own way by selecting the essential features of the subject and rejecting the minor ones.
Art has been defined in various ways. Hereunder are some of the definitions given by various authors.

29. Art is derived from the Latin word ars, meaning “ability or skill”.- J.V. Estolas
Art is taken from the Italian word artis, which means “craftsmanship, skill, mastery of form, inventiveness, and the association that exist between form and ideas and between material and techniques;”.- A. Tan
Art is a product of man’s need to express himself. –F. Zulueta

30. 4. Art is concerned with the communication of certain ideas and feelings by means of a sensuous medium, Color, Sound, Bronze, Marble, Words and Film.- C. Sanchez 5. Art is that which brings life in harmony with the beauty of the world.- Plato 6. Art is an attitude of spirit, a state of mind-one which demands for its own satisfaction and fulfilling, a shaping of matter to new and more significant form.- John Dewey

31. 7. Art is the skillful arrangement or composition of some common but significant qualities of nature such as colors, sounds, lines, movements, words, stones, wood, etc., to express human feelings, emotions, thoughts in a perfect meaningful and enjoyable way.- Panizo and Rustia

32. FOUR COMMON ESSENTIALS OF ART
Art must be man-made.
Art must be creative, not imitative.
Art must benefit and satisfy man and man must make use of art in practical terms.
Art is expressed through a certain medium or material by which the artist communicates himself to his fellows.

33. Art has a particular importance in our lives
Art has a particular importance in our lives. All the art that we see and hear have a purpose; they occupy some place in our judgement.
We can communicate through paintings, songs, dances, and dramatic plays to highlight and heighten the importance of certain events, keep them in memory and indulge in pleasure. We also build monuments to remind us of the heroic deeds of great men.

34. Artworks also valuable sources of inspiration
Artworks also valuable sources of inspiration. We are delighted by the books we read and moved by the music we hear. Paintings, sculptures, and plays capture our attention and stimulate critical thinking. Modern architectural designs inspire us to plan and construct our houses beautifully.
Through an artist’s work, we get a glimpse of the thoughts, feelings, and beliefs of the people who lived in the period the artwork was produced and the external factors that influenced the artwork.

35. We also value and appreciate beautiful things as a consequence of our encounter with arts. Our aesthetic experiences can change our ways and human beings. The arts can beautify our humanity.
This explains why art is called the humanities. It brings out the good and the noble in us. Through the arts, we come to know the changing image of man as he journeys across time, searches for the reality, strives to achieve the ideals that create the meaning of life.

36. ART APPRECIATION- is the ability to interpret or understand man-made arts and enjoy them either through actual and work-experience with art tools and materials or possession of these works of art for one’s admiration and satisfaction.

37. THE SUBJECT OF ART
In any art form-painting, music, sculpture, architecture, or dance-there is always a subject that serves as the foundation of the creation of the work of art. The subject of art is varied. A subject of art is usually anything that is represented in the artwork. It is varied-it may be a person, object, scene, or event.

38. Artworks that depict something easily recognized by most people are called representational or objective arts. Painting, sculpture, graphic arts, literature, and theatre are generally classified as representational, although some paintings and sculptures are without subjects. Music and dance may or may not have subjects.

39. THE FUNCTION OF ART The Four main functions of art are:
1. Aesthetic Function-through art, man becomes conscious of the beauty of nature. He benefits from his own work and from those done by his fellowmen. He learn to use, love, and preserve them for his enjoyment and appreciation.

40. 2. Utilitarian Function- with the creation of the various forms of art, man now lives in the comfort and happiness. Through art, man is provided with shelter, clothing, food, light, medicine, beautiful surroundings, personal ornamentals, entertainment, language, transportation, and other necessities and convenience of life. Art not only enriches man’s life but also improves nature through landscape gardening, creation of super-highways, and through propagation and conservation-of natural resources.

41. 3. Cultural Function- through the printed matter , art transmits and preserves skills and knowledge from one generation to another. It makes man aware of his/her cultural background, making him/her more knowledgeable and his/her life more enduring and satisfying.

42. 4. Social Function- through civic and graphic arts, man learns to love and help each other. International understanding and cooperation are fostered and nations become more unified, friendly, cooperative, helpful, and sympathetic.

43. According to Panizo and Rustia (1995) there are two (2) major divisions of arts.
According to purpose.
According to Media or Forms.

44. Arts according to purpose fall into 5 categories.
Practical Arts or Useful arts-
are directed to produce artifacts and utensils for the satisfaction of human needs. Handicrafts (basket weaving, mat weaving, etc.), embroidery, ceramics, iron and metal crafts, and tin can are manufacturing examples of these arts.

45. Continuation: 2. Liberal Arts-
are directed toward intellectual growth, such as in the study of philosophy, psychology, literature, mathematics, and science.
3. Fine Arts-
are focused on towards creative activity for the contemplation of the mind and the upliftment of the spirit. (paintings, sculpture, and architecture are examples of these arts.

46. Continuation: 4. Major Arts-
on the other hand, are characterized by actual and potential expressiveness such as music, poetry, and sculpture.
5. Minor Arts-
on the other hand, are concerned with practical uses and purposes, such as interior decoration and porcelain art.

47. Arts according to Media and Forms are divided into 5 types.
Plastic Arts-
are works in which exist in a physical space and perceived by the sense of sight. Such arts include sculpture and decorative materials.
Kinetic Arts-
Involve the element of rhythm. Dance is a popular type of kinetic arts.
Phonetic Arts-
utilize sounds and words as medium of expression. Examples are music, drama, and literature.

48. 4. Pure Arts-
take only one medium of expression like sound in music and color in painting.
5. Mixed Arts-
take more than one medium such as the opera which combines music, poetry, and drama.

49. Origin of Art
Art is viewed as a reflection of creativity, ingenuity, and inventiveness within a culture. Its value is seen not only in terms of its styles and craftsmanship but also in its functional interaction with all the elements that constitutes human life and culture.

50. The history of art began with that of humanity
The history of art began with that of humanity. Art dates back to the time when superstitions and beliefs in the spirits are still very common in every culture. Indigenous art in the form of dancing, painting, music, and poetry accompanied ancient rituals and ceremonies. Men and women of the early times perform dances to entertain, to worship their Gods and Goddesses, or to invoke success and blessings.

51. Their music and poetry chronicles the life and works of their ancestors as well as legendary origins of heroes, heroines, and gods.
Tribalism cultures often wore body paintings during ceremonies. Cave paintings and drawings are believed to reflect ancient religious beliefs and visions. Most sculptures from the early periods are also associated with religion, with Gods and Goddesses as most common subjects.

52. Artworks made from the more durable materials like metals, stone, clay, bone, and glass survive longer than those made from materials that are more prone to decay like wood. This is why most of sculptures made in wood had been lost through time.
The temples of the east and west bear evidences of arts that pertain to gods. Goddesses, religious animals, demons, priest, kings, and queens.

53. CHAPTER 2 THE ARTIST’S MEDIUM

54. Concepts Medium refers to the material used by an artist.
Technique is the manner in which the artist controls the medium to achieve desired effect.
Combined arts are those whose mediums can be both seen and heard and which exist in both space and time.
Painting is the art of creating meaningful effects on a flat surface by the use of pigments.
Architecture is the art of designing and constructing a structure.
Sculpture is the construction of a figure by putting together module segments of the material.

55. MEDIUM
Which comes from the Latin word Medium, denotes the means by which an artist communicates his idea. These are the materials which are used by an artist to interpret his feelings or thoughts.
Many mediums have been used in creating different work of art. The architect uses wood, bamboo, bricks, stone, concrete, and various building materials.

56. The Painter uses pigments on wood or canvas to recreate reality of nature.
A Sculpture uses steel, marble, bronze, metal, and wood.
A Musician uses instruments to produce and communicate a message and literary writer uses words.
Thus, medium is very essential in arts.

57. On the basis of medium, the arts are primarily classified as visual and auditory.
Visual arts-
are those whose mediums can be seen and which occupy space. These are grouped into two classes:
The Dimensional or Two-Dimensional Arts,
which include painting, drawing, printmaking, and photography.

58. 2. The Three-Dimensional Arts,
which include sculpture, architecture, landscape, community planning, industrial designs, and crafts like ceramics and furniture.
The Auditory Arts
are those whose mediums can be heard and which are expressed in time. These are music and literature.

59. The Combined Arts
- are those whose mediums can be both seen and heard and which exist in both space and time. These includes dance, opera, drama, and film. Along with the music these are also known as the performing arts, an art form which depicts a significant event and is presented before an audience.

60. Technique
is the manner in which the artist controls his medium to achieve the desired effect. It is the ability with which he fulfills the technical requirements of his particular work of art. It has something to do with the way he manipulates his medium to express his ideas in the artwork.

61. MEDIUMS OF THE VISUAL ARTS
Visual arts are those arts that can be perceived with our eyes. The most common visual arts are painting, sculpture, and architecture. Their mediums are discussed as follows.

62. PAINTING
-Painting is the art of creating meaningful effects on a flat surface by the use pigments. Different mediums are used in painting. Each medium exerts a pronounced effect on the finished product, is capable of varied treatment, and determines its own stroke. These mediums are applied to wet plaster, canvas, wood, or paper.

63. WATERCOLOR
-Is difficult to handle because producing warm and rich tones using this medium proves to be a challenge. On the contrary, watercolor pigments invite brilliance and a variety of hues. Simple and clear spontaneity is its principal essence. While changes may be made once the plant has been applied, such changes normally tend to make the color less luminous.

65. FRESCO
-Is a painting method done on a moist plaster surface with colors ground in water or a limewater mixture. Fresco must be done quickly because it is an exacting medium-the moment the paint is applied to the surface , the color dry into plaster and the painting becomes an integral part of the wall.
Ex. Michelangelo’s The Creation of Adam in the Sistine Chapel Ceiling.

67. TEMPERA
-Are mineral pigments mixed with egg yolk or egg white and ore. This egg-based emulsion binds the pigments to the surface. Tempera is characterized by its film-forming properties and rapid drying rate. It requires a more deliberate technique than oil because it does not posses the flexibility of oil.

69. PASTEL
-Is a stick dried paste made of pigment ground with chalk and compounded with gum water. It is very flexible medium whose colors are luminous. In spite of the richness and varied effects it yields, pastels are less popular than the other mediums because it is difficult to preserve the finished product in its original state.

71. ENCAUSTIC
Is one of the early mediums used by the Egyptians for painting portraits on mummy cases. This is done by applying wax colors fixed with heat. Painting with wax produces luster and radiance, making subjects appear at their best in portraits.

73. OIL
Is one of the most expensive art activities today because of the prohibitive cost of materials. It is the heaviest of painting mediums. In oil pigments are mixed with linseed oil and applied to the canvas. One good quality of oil paint as medium is its flexibility.

75. ACRYLIC
Is a medium used popularly by contemporary painters because of the transparency and quick-drying characteristics of watercolor and the flexibility of oil combined. This synthetic paint is mixed with acrylic emulsion as binder for coating the surface of the artwork.

77. MOSAIC
Is the art of putting together small pieces of colored stones or glass called “tesserae” to create an image. The tesserae are most often cut into squares and glued on a surface with plaster or cement. Mosaic is usually classified as painting, although, the medium used is not strictly pigment.

79. STAINED GLASS
Is common in Gothic cathedrals and churches. It is made by combining small pieces of colored glass, held together by bands of lead. It is also a kind of patchwork. In large windows, the lead is reinforced by heavy iron bars that form heavy black lines in the picture.

81. TAPESTRY
Is a fabric produced by hand-weaving colored threads upon a warp. The woven designs often end up as pictorials, wall hangings, and furniture covering. During the middle ages, they were hung on the walls of palaces and in cathedrals on festive occasions to provide warmth.

83. DRAWING
Is usually done on paper using, pen and ink, or charcoal. It is the most fundamental of all skills necessary in arts. Drawing has always been considered as a very good training for artists because it makes one concentrate on the use of line.
Pencil, Pen and Ink, and Charcoal.

85. BISTRE
Is a brown pigment extracted from the soot of wood, and often used in pen and wash drawings.

87. CRAYONS
Are pigments bound by wax and compressed into painted sticks used for drawings. It is especially popular among children in the elementary grades. Crayons adhere better on paper surface.

89. SILVERPOINT
To produce a silverpoint artwork, the artist uses a silver stylus to produce a thin grayish on specially prepared paper. Silverpoint drawings were popular during the renaissance period.