1. HORSE HOOF DISEASES Maj Muhammad Muktaruzzaman,psc Student Officer NDEHMS-48

2. INTRO Hoof is the most imp part Healthy hoof is leads healthy horse Knowledge on hoof diseases keeps horse healthy and fit

3. Horse Hoof Structure

4. Common Horse Hoof Diseases Laminitis Thrush, Ringbone, Keratoma, Corn, and sole bruises, Crack of the hoof wall, Navicular disease, Quittor, Abscess in the hoof, White line disease, Thin sole, Hygroma, Keratocele, Picked up Neil, Sheared heels and quarters.

5. Horse Hoof Abscess After an injury to the horse hoof may be contaminated by the secondary bacterial infection which leads to the formation of an abscess. An abscess is one of the most common horse hoof diseases which appear all over the world. The condition is manifested by the presence of swelling in the hoof, pus, or blood come out from the sole and generally hot in the area. The horse showing lameness and a painful gait.

6. Canker in Horse When hypertrophy is seen in horn- producing tissue for long days; then it is termed as Canker. This disease can be seen in one or both legs. Usually, the hind leg is much prone to this disease. This disease is seen in drought horses. The causes of Canker are the standing on the damp floor or urinated floor and lack of pressure on the frog of the horse hoof. the horn tissue remains wet and soft after suffering from the disease, after that, horn tissue of sole gets attacked, and white pus may be produced in case of microbial attack.

7. Laminitis in Horse is one of the most common horse hoof diseases which is characterized by the inflammation of the sensitive laminae of the horse hooves. The disease is characterized by the lameness and oozing of pus or fluid from the joint of the hoof wall with the coronary band. The laminitis is caused by the poor trimming of horse foot, feeding excessive amounts of grain, medication with steroids, injury, and toxins from colic.

8. Corn and Sole Bruises When the sensitive laminae (example: sole, bar, and bar angle) is harmed, then it is called corn. Most of the time, the sensitive laminae of the sole area is injured. In the case of a braced sole, one part of it is injured by some stone or horny structure during walking or riding. The cause of the corn and some bruises in the insufficient trimming of the foot, improper balance of weight in the frog, excessive erosion and hit on the coronet, and over racing. The disease is manifested by frequent lameness, pain sensation in the affected area, and elevated body temperature.

9. Crack of the Hoof Wall When there is a crack in the wall of a hoof, is termed as Sand crack. This crack can be seen on the whole wall starting from the coronary band. This disease is seen in a quarter of the foreleg and the region of the hind leg. The causes of the crack are the excessive growth of horn tissues, hit on the coronary band, and drying or thinning out of the hoof wall. The symptoms of the disease are the cracking of the hoof wall and in case of any infection pus or blood may come out through the crack.

10. Navicular Disease The condition is called any type of heel pain is maybe called navicular disease and is characterized by lameness and painful gait of the horse. The cause of the disease is genetic, improper nutrition, continuous exposure to unusual ground like hard, rocky surfaces, and working in a too tight or small circle Removal of the cause is the main treatment of the navicular disease, a supply of balanced ration, use proper shoe during working on a hard surface

11. Quittor in Horse Quitter is the old rotten disease of collateral cartilage of the third phalanx of a horse hoof. The disease is characterized by pus formation in the site of cartilage, necrosis, and coronary band. This disease is usually seen in the front leg of the horse. The main cause of this disease is a direct hit on lateral cartilage, porous infection in this site may cause this disease, and his disease may spread by corn disease.

12. White Line Disease in Horse If you noticed any difference in the hoof white line then immediately contact your farrier or vet about the white Line disease. Some bacteria or fungi may infect the injured white line, and the situation causes more serious. Treatment remove the dead tissues from the white line, drain out pus, and dressing with antiseptics is the treatment

13. Thrush in Horse The degeneration of frog tissues of the horse hoof is called thrush characterized by the black discoloration of the hoof sole and the presence of dead tissues. The condition thrush is developed in the sole due to the long time standing of the horse on the wet floor and lack of pressure on the frog of the horse that leads to necrosis of tissues. The thrush is manifested by the oozing of bad pus from the frog and infected sulci of the frog, elevated body temperature, and lameness of the horse.

14. Ringbone in Horse condition of horse foot when the excessive accumulation of horn tissues in the first, second, and third phalanx of the digit The disease is seen as the pastern or coffin ankylosis in the horse. The cause of the disease is mostly genetic, and other associated causes are insufficient Calcium or Phosphorus in the ration and continuous injuries in the periosteum of the digits. The disease is characterized by the presence of a new bony structure around the pastern or coffin joint, lameness in case of trotting and the condition will be aggravated if you are not giving proper care at the right time

15. Sheared Heels and Quarters There are two bulbs on the hoof of a horse. Both bulbs contact simultaneously on the ground when the horse walks or stands. The bulb of the heel touches the ground first and the horse becomes imbalance to bear the weight of the body. The condition leads to the upward displacement of hell which leads to the lameness and painful condition of the hoof. The lameness may lead to navicular disease, injuries to the hoof wall, and thrush

16. Thin Sole in Horse You may find some have thin soles due to lack of care or naturally. The sole protects the coffin bone, and the thin sole may lead to thrush or damage of coffin bone or bruises. You can use a gel between the shoe and sole to protect the thinly soled hoof. Regular care of horse hoof with experienced farrier will reduce the problems of this sole.

17. Keratoma in Horse Hoof Keratoma is the condition in which corn tumors developed in the inner side of the hoof wall. The size of the tumor can be from 1 inch to 3 inches. This disease can be seen in some parts of the wall or the whole area. This tumor looks like a pyramid, conical, or irregular in shape. The causes of the disease are regular irritation in the sensitive laminae of the coronary band and excessive hits on the soft tissues.

18. Picked-up Nails When a sensitive part of the laminae is pressured by any external matter (shoe nail), then it is called the Picked up nail. When any pin pierces the sensitive laminae, it is called nail bind which becomes very harmful for the horse if the depth of infection reaches up to the frog. The main causes of Picked up are the entrance of part of a nail in the sensitive laminae during the null fitting and any external pressure on the laminae during movement. A picked-up nail is characterized by lameness and after removing a nail, the lameness is finished.

19. Hygroma in Horse Old inflammation of the bursa of the knee joint is called hygroma which is characterized by subcutaneous inflammation.hygroma This disease is seen in the elbow region of the horse and is most common in racing horses. The main cause of the hygroma is the continuous hit on the bursa and infection in the elbow region may lead the disease more aggravated. The hygroma showing by the thickness of the tissues in the bursa and its surroundings, accumulation of fluid in the elbow region, the edema may rupture if the infection is present in the area. There is an absence of lameness in the horse affected with hygroma.

20. OPEN FORUM

21. CONCLUSION