1. UNIT-IV MOBILE INTERNET DEVICES AND CLOUD Smart Phone Mobile Operating System for Smart Phones IOS Android Blackberry Windows Mobile Ubuntu Mobile Internet Device(MID) Mobile Platform Virtualization KVM VMWare Collaboration Application for Mobile Platforma

5. DARWIN OS Darwin is an open-source Unix-like operating system first released by Apple Inc. in 2000. It is composed of code derived from NeXTSTEP, BSD, Mach, and other free software projects code, as well as developed by Apple.NeXTSTEP Darwin forms the Unix-based core set of components upon which macOS (previously OS X and Mac OS X), iOS, watchOS, tvOS, and iPadOS are based. It is mostly POSIX- compatible, but has never, by itself, been certified as compatible with any version of POSIX. Starting with Leopard, macOS has been certified as compatible with the Single UNIX Specification version 3 (SUSv3).macOSiOSwatchOStvOSiPadOS

9. BlackBerry is a brand of smartphones, tablets, and services originally designed and marketed by Canadian company BlackBerry Limited (formerly known as Research In Motion, or RIM). [1] Beginning in 2016, BlackBerry Limited licensed third party companies to design, manufacture, and market smartphones under the BlackBerry brand. The original licensors were BB Merah Putih for the Indonesian market, Optiemus Infracom for the South Asian market, and BlackBerry Mobile (a trade name of TCL Technology) for all other markets. [ Texas-based startup OnwardMobility acquired a license to develop 5G devices for the enterprise market with manufacturing partner FIH Mobile beginning in 2021.smartphonestabletsCanadianBlackBerry Limited [1]BB Merah PutihIndonesianSouth AsianBlackBerry Mobiletrade nameTCL Technology [ Texas5Genterprise marketFIH Mobile BlackBerry was one of the most prominent smartphone brands in the world, specializing in secure communications and mobile productivity, and well known for the keyboards on most of its devices. At its peak in September 2013, there were 85 million BlackBerry subscribers worldwide. [4][5] However, BlackBerry lost its dominant position in the market due to the success of the Android and iOS platforms; its numbers had fallen to 23 million in March 2016. [4][5]AndroidiOS

10. The BlackBerry line traditionally uses a proprietary operating system developed by BlackBerry Limited known as BlackBerry OS. In 2013, BlackBerry Introduced BlackBerry 10, a major revamp of the platform based on the QNX operating system. BlackBerry 10 was meant to replace the aging BlackBerry OS platform with a new system that was more in line with the user experiences of modern smartphone operating systems. The first BB10 powered device was the BlackBerry Z10, which was followed by other all-touch and keyboard- equipped models; including the BlackBerry Q10, BlackBerry Classic, Blackberry Z30, BlackBerry Passport, and the BlackBerry Leap.BlackBerry OSBlackBerry 10QNXBlackBerry Z10BlackBerry Q10BlackBerry ClassicBlackBerry PassportBlackBerry Leap

12. Windows Mobile is a discontinued family of mobile operating systems developed by Microsoft for smartphones and personal digital assistants.smartphonespersonal digital assistants Its origin dated back to Windows CE in 1996, though Windows Mobile itself first appeared in 2000 as Pocket PC 2000 which ran on Pocket PC PDAs. It was renamed "Windows Mobile" in 2003, at which point it came in several versions (similar to the desktop versions of Windows) and was aimed at business and enterprise consumers. When initially released in the mid- 2000s, it was to be the portable equivalent of what Windows desktop OS was: a major force in the then-emerging mobile/portable areas.Pocket PC Following the rise of newer smartphone OSs (iOS and Android) Windows Mobile never equalled the success and faded rapidly in the following years. By February 2010, Microsoft announced Windows Phone to supersede Windows Mobile with a more modern take on the industry. As a result, Windows Mobile has been deprecated. Windows Phone is incompatible with Windows Mobile devices and software. [2][3][4] The last version of Windows Mobile, released after the announcement of Windows Phone, was 6.5.5. After this, Microsoft ceased development on Windows Mobile in order to concentrate on Windows Phone.iOSAndroiddeprecated [2][3][4]

13. Mobile virtualization is hardware virtualization on a mobile phone or connected wireless device. It enables multiple operating systems or virtual machines to run simultaneously on a mobile phone or connected wireless device. Mobile virtualization is an approach to mobile device management in which two virtual platforms are installed on a single wireless device. A platform is simply an underlying computer system on which application programs can run.

14. Mobile Platform Virtualization ● Mobile phones have become more powerful, beyond their basic phone functionality, phones now offer music, video, cameras, and built-in GPS capabilities. The pressure to reduce development costs and get phones to market faster has increased competitive pressure to 1.Deliver feature-rich phones to market faster 2.Migrate from proprietary operating systems to open operating systems without compromising the security of trusted services ●

15. Mobile Platform Virtualization ● As the capabilities have been developed, the mobile phone user’s ability to include applications, pictures, videos, music, emails, bank and credit card information, and personal information management (PIM) have all been combined to provide a much richer and more valuable experience into a persona. The ability to protect and migrate personas will become an important purchasing decision. The risk of not securing and managing confidential information is significant. Virtualization is a key enabling technology to address these issues ● ● ●

16. Mobile Platform Virtualization ● A virtualization solution may be used to ease introduction of smart phone software functionality to an existing feature phone hardware platform, with minimal effort and cost. Virtualization-based solutions open up the phone software architecture to bring added functionality to both feature phones and smartphones in terms of service availability, security, and device management. Two examples of virtualization software being used on smartphones are: 1.Kernel-based Virtual Machine (KVM) 2.VMware Mobile Virtualization Platform (MVP) ● ●

17. Kernel-based Virtual Machine (KVM) ● KVM is open source software that is a full virtualization solution for Linux on x86 hardware containing virtualization extensions (Intel VT or AMD-V). KVM consists of a kernel module, kvm.ko, which provides the core virtualization infrastructure. KVM also contains a processor specific module, kvm-intel.ko or kvm-amd.ko, depending on the CPU manufacturer (Intel or AMD). ● ●

18. Kernel-based Virtual Machine (KVM) ● KVM also requires a modified QEMU. QEMU is a processor emulator that relies on dynamic binary translation to achieve a reasonable speed while being easy to port on new host CPU architectures. Multiple virtual machines running unmodified Linux or Windows images can can be run using KVM. A wide variety of guest operating systems work with KVM, including many versions of Linux, BSD, Solaris, Windows, Haiku, ReactOS, and the AROS Research Operating System. ● ● ●

19. KVM Architecture QEMU

20. Kernel-based Virtual Machine (KVM) ● Each virtual machine has private virtualized hardware: a network card, disk, graphics adapter, etc. The kernel component of KVM is included in Linux. KVM’s performance is good, but not as good as that of some of the more mature products, such as VMware or VirtualBox. As an open source product, it is being very actively developed and is constantly improving. ● ● ●

21. VMware Mobile Virtualization Platform (MVP) ● VMware Mobile Virtualization Platform (MVP) is a thin layer of software that is embedded on a mobile phone to separate the applications and data from the underlying hardware. It is optimized to run efficiently on lowpower, low-memory mobile phones. MVP currently supports a wide range of real- time and rich operating systems, including Windows CE 5.0 and 6.0, Linux 2.6.x, Symbian 9.x, eCos, μITRON NORTi, and μC/OS-II. ● ●

22. VMware Mobile Virtualization Platform (MVP) ● VMware MVP benefits end users by being able to run multiple profiles (e.g., one for personal use and one for work use) on the same phone. VMware MVP allows vendors to isolateimportant trusted services from the open operating system and run them in isolated and tamper-proof virtual machines so that even if the open environment is compromised, the trusted services are not affected. Mobile users with intermittent access to the Internet can use Vmware ACE to deploy “assured computing environments” (ACEs) that workers can use on corporate-owned laptops, employee-owned PCs, or even iPods and USB memory sticks without putting sensitive corporate information at risk. ● ●

23. VMware Mobile Virtualization Platform (MVP) ● http://www.vmware.com/mobile

24. Collaboration Applications for Mobile Platforms ● ● Factors governing new era for collaboration technologies: 1.The growing popularity and power of mobile devices 2.The demand for business solutions and collaboration tools on mobile devices 3. Upcoming of Web 2.0 as a new platform for developing interactive applications across devices 4. The advent of devices such as the Apple iPhone, the BlackBerry Storm touchphone, and the Google phone. The adoption of mobile collaboration services is not just a matter of design but also depends on factors such as mobile network coverage and pricing structures

25. Features & Benefits of Collaboration on Mobile Platforms ● The latest mobile phones also provide a variety of networking options such as cellular, Bluetooth, Wi- Fi, and WiMAX, which serve a range of coverage and bandwidth requirements. Mobile phones have now become the device of choice for people to keep in touch with family members, friends, and business partners. Current mobile phones allow people not only to make telephone calls but also to access email and short messages, play games, share information, run video conferences, and coordinate business actions. ● ●

26. Features & Benefits of Collaboration on Mobile Platforms ● ● ● Mobile phones are now equipped with faster processors, larger memory,and longer life batteries. Many mobile phones today come with integrated position tracking and camera features. Many of the software tools previously available in personal digital assistants (PDAs), tablets, laptops, and desktop PCs have been ported to mobile phones, such as office and multimedia applications.

27. Collaboration Technologies on Mobile Platforms ● ● ● ● Widely used collaboration technologies are email, instant messaging, data conferencing, Workflow, Wiki, social networking systems. Collaboration technologies on mobile phones have unique advantages over laptops and desktop systems because they are lightweight and can fit into pockets or purses. They are truly mobile and can be connected all the time.

28. Mobile Cloud Platform ● The cloud is becoming increasingly pervasive and mobile browsers are getting better every day, providing the ability to access the cloud and its applications. Organizations are deploying more and more SaaS- based applications and, assuming they have enough bandwidth, There is no reason that mobile workers cannot access those applications on their devices with a browser that can actually fully handle web and cloud standards. ● ●