1. KUPPAM ENGINEERING COLLEGE (Recognized by AICTE new Delhi afflicted by J.N.T.U.A) (Accredited by NBA NAAC and ISO 9001:2008 certified institute) Kuppam 517425, chittoor (dist.).AP Department of Civil Engineering A TECHNICAL SEMINAR On A TECHNICAL SEMINAR On HIGHT DENSITY CONCRETE ” BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING IN CIVIL ENGINEERING Presented by P Mahendra( 19F45A0103 ) Final year (2018-2022)

2. MEANING OF HIGH DENSITY CONCRETE As the name suggests, the density of this concrete varies from 3360 kg/m3 to 3840 kg/m3, whereas the density of normal concrete is of the order of 2400 kg/m3. The density of light weight concrete is about 1900 kg/m3 and that of normal concrete about 2400 kg/m3. Thus the density of high density concrete is about 50% more than the density of conventional concrete. However this concrete can be produced of density upto 5200 kg/m3 using iron as both fine and coarse aggregate.

3. High Density Concrete is also known as Heavy Weight Concret. Sp weight High density concrete is Mainly used for the purpose of radiation shielding for Counterweights and other uses. Where High density is required

4. Main Component 1. Cement 2. Sand 3. Aggregates 4. Admixture The High density concrete has a better Shielding property. So that it can protect harmful Radiations Like X - rays, gamma rays and neutrons. High density aggregates are used to achieve heavy weight Concrete. Some of the high density aggregates are barite,Ferro – phosphorus, limonite, hematite, magnetite, goethite, Steel punching and steel shots.

5. Another Type of Natual and artificial used as heavy weight Concrete.

7. Heavy weight Concrete Extensively Used for Normally High density concrete Uses Minimal water-cement ratio High fixed Water Content Required following minarals

12. Advantages  High neutron and gamma ray attenuation  Good mechanical properties  Relatively low initial and maintenance cost  Easy to construct

13. DISADVANTAGES  Space  Weight

14. TYPES OF RADIATION IN HIGH DENSITY CONCRETE AND THEIR HAZARDS : The radiation can be classified into two groups as follows: These radiations are considered in the design of biological shields. 1. Electro-magnetic waves. 2. Nuclear particles. 1. Electro-Magnetic Waves: These waves are of high frequency and have high energy. These waves are known as X and gamma rays. These are the only electro-magnetic waves which need shields for the protection of personnel. Though they are similar to high rays, but possess higher energy and greater penetrating power.

15. 2. NUCLEAR PARTICLES: Nuclear particles consist of nuclei of atoms or their fragments. These fragments are known as neutrons, protons, alpha and beta particles. Except neutrons all the other particles possess an electric charge. On the other hand neutrons are un-charged and remain un-affected by electric field, until they interact by collision with a nucleus. Alpha, beta and proton particles carry electrical charge, which interact with electric field, surrounding the atom of the shielding material and lose their energy considerably.

17. CONCLUSION HDC can be used for various types of construction projects (ballast blocks in domestic washing machines, radiation shielding, bridge counterweights, hospital x-ray shielding, coating of pipes, under water pipeline covering, submerged structures such as under water tunnels and for bank vault protecting) and although more expensive, it has its rightful place in construction. HDC requires no additional or special equipment, plant or mixing techniques.

18. Thanks for Your Attention