1. KANTILAL KHINWASARA COLLEGE OF B.ED

2. Course Name:Advanced Pedagogy Application of ICT Course No.:105 Submitted to:Neeta Puri Ma’am Submitted by:Asha Sharma

3. Name:Asha Sharma Roll no.:02 Div:A Year:2020-2021

4. FORCE AND LAWS OF MOTION

5. 1)Force can move a body at rest. 2)Force can stop a moving body. 3)Force can change the speed of a moving body. 4)Force can change the direction of a moving body. 5)Force can change the shape and size of a body. Effect of force:- 1) Force:- Force is an external effort which may move a body at rest or stop a moving body or change the speed of a moving body or change the direction of a moving body or change the shape and size of a body.

6. 2) Balanced and unbalanced forces:- i) Balanced forces:- If two forces act on a body in opposite direction and if both the forces are equal, then the resultant force acting on the body is zero. Such forces are called balanced forced. Balanced forces can not change the state of rest or motion of a body. ii) Unbalanced forces:- If two forces act on a body in opposite direction and if one force is greater than the other, then the resultant force is not equal to zero. Such forces are called unbalanced forced. Unbalanced forces change the state of rest or motion of a body.

7. 3) Force of friction:- Force of friction is the force which opposes the motion of an object over a surface. Eg : - A ball rolling on ground gradually slows down and comes to a stop due to force of friction. If we stop pedaling a bicycle, it gradually slow down and comes to stop due to force of friction. An object with uniform motion will continue to move with uniform motion if the forces acting on it (pushing force and frictional force) are balanced. If an unbalanced force act on the moving body, then its speed or direction of motion changes. If the unbalanced force is removed, then it will continue to move with the speed it had acquired till then.

8. 4) Galileo’s experiment of motion of an object on an inclined plane:- When the marble is released from left, it would roll down the slope and go up on the opposite side to the same height from which it was released. If the inclinations of the planes on both sides are equal then the marble will climb the same distance that it covered while rolling down. If the angle of inclination of the right-side plane were gradually decreased, then the marble would travel further distances till it reaches the original height. If the right-side plane were ultimately made horizontal (that is, the slope is reduced to zero), the marble would continue to travel forever trying to reach the same height that it was released from. h

9. 5) Newton’s lows of motion:- i) First law:- An object either remains at rest or continues to move at a constant velocity, unless acted upon by a force. Inertia:- The natural tendency of objects to remain in a state of rest or in uniform motion is called inertia. This is why the first law of motion is also known as the law of motion.

10. Example of inertia:- i)If a striker hits a pile of coins on a carrom board, the lowest coin moves out and due to inertia of rest, the other coins fall down. ii)If a coin placed on a playing card over a tumbler is flicked with the finger, due to inertia of rest, the coin falls down into the tumbler. iii)When we travel in a car and the driver applies the brakes suddenly, we tend to fall forward due to inertia of motion.

11. i) First law:- An object either remains at rest or continues to move at a constant velocity, unless acted upon by a force. ii) Second law:- In an inertial frame of reference, the vector sum of the forces F on an object is equal to the mass m of that object multiplied by the acceleration a of the object: F = ma. (It is assumed here that the mass m is constant – see below.)sumforcesmassaccelerationbelow iii) Third law:- When one body exerts a force on a second body, the second body simultaneously exerts a force equal in magnitude and opposite in direction on the first body.