1. TOTAL PHYSICAL RESPONSE
GROUP 8
TOTAL PHYSICAL RESPONSE
BY :
MARDIANA
IRMAWATI SAFHARTA
WAODE SITTI YUMIARTIN
KIKI REZKI AULIA
SARIANA SUCI RAMADHANI

2. BACKGROUND
TPR is method developed by Dr. James J. Asher (1977), a professor of physicology at San Jose State University of California. Asher developed TPR as a result of his experiences observing ypung young children learning their first language. He noticed that interactions betwwen parents and childdren often took the form of speech from the parenr followed by a physucal response from the child. Asher made 3 hypotheses based on his observations: first, that language is learned primarily by listening; second, that language learning must engage the right hemisphere of the brain; and third, that language that learning language should not involve any stress.
Dr, James J. Asher

3. WHAT IS TOTAL PHYSICAL RESPONSE (TPR)
Total Physical Response (TPR) is language teaching method built around the coordination of speech and action; it attempts to teach language throug physical (motor) activity. In TPR, intructors give commands to direct behavior, and students response is used alongside other methods and techniques. It is popular with beginners and with youn learnersm although it can be used with students of all levels and all age groups.

4. THE CHARACTERISTICS OF TPR
The coordinatipn of speech and action
Learners roles of listener and performer
Learners monitor and evaluate their own progress.
Reading and writting is taught after grammar and vocabulary.
Grammar is taught inductively.
Grammmar and vocabulary selected according to the situation.
Learning language by gesture (body movements).
The teacher and the students are the actors.
Students should be more active and talkactive.
Motorist student.
Listen
Watch
Imitate

5. APPLICATIONS OF TPR Reading : predicting skills and reading the text
Writting : making dialogue, picturing.
Vocabulary : reality, demostration, conversation.
Stucture : reality, demonstration.
Learning keywords....
Understanding sentences...
Listening to instructions....
Imitating actions......

6. BASIC PRINCIPLES OF TPR
Listening ability and vocabulary.
There must not be any stress in the class.
Regular repetition.
Action verb are the core of TPR.
TPR is also technique of teaching vocabulary.
No forcing but exploit the student’s errors for exposing others structure points.
Expose the natural use of language.
Create an artifical English community in the classroom.
The more often we trace memory and more intensively we repeat, he stronger the memory assciations are and the more likely will be recalled.

7. THE ADVANTAGES OF TPR It is fun, easy, and memorable.
It is a good tool for building vocabulary.
It can facilitate students with the meaning in real context.
It does not require a great deal of preparation.
Help the students immeditely understand the target language.
TPR is inclusive fluency faster in learning language.
it benefits the struggling students.
Creates positive thinking.

8. THE DISADVANTAGES OF TPR
Students are not generally given apportunity to express their own thougts in a creative way.
It can be a challage for shy students.
It is not a very creative method.
Overusing TPR cause someone easily bored.
Certain terget languages may not be suited to this method.
It is limited, since everythung canot be explained wit this metod.

9. CONCLUSION
Total Physical Response (TPR) is one of the teaching methods that emphasize active learning through actions. It means that learner’s speaking skill through listening to their teacher and before requiring them to speak, and asking them to practice using verbal communication accompany by phisical actions. Three basic that used in this method are listen, watch, and imitate repeatedly.

10. SUGGESTION
Total Physical Response (TPR) should be used in association with other methods and techniques because cerytain target languages may not be suited to this method. Do not overuse this method because people will tire of it.