1. Ottoman empire
Founder Osman

2. Political
BUREACRACY
SULTANS
VIZIERS
WAR WITH SAFAVIDS FOR 200 YEARS

3. Political cont.. BATTLE OF CHALDIRAN 1514
JANNISARIES VS. SAFAVIDS SWORDS AND KNIVES
WITH CANNONS AND MUSKETS.
NO FOLLOW UP BY MUSLIMS
RESULT: LIMIT SHIITE MUSLIM EXPANSION
IRAN (SAFAVIDS)—SURROUNDED BY SUNNI MUSLIM COUNTRIES.

4. ECONOMIC JIZYA- Yearly TAX ON NON MUSLIMS TAX FARMING ILTIZAM
No foreign debt until 1800s!
Control of trade routes
Devshirme system-(gathering)tax of children
20percent of kids surrendered to the state
“Privileged” slavery
Geographical advantages
Disadvantages

5. RELIGIOUS SHIA AND SUNNI MOSTLY SUNNI Some religious tolerance
TURN THE HAGIA SOPHIA INTO A MOSQUE
Istanbul—once was Contantinople
HAFEZ-SING HOLY SCRIPTURES 24-7 IN TOKAPI PALACE
LEGITIMACY-RELICS OF ISLAM

6. Religious cont
Non-Muslim communities were organised according to the millet system, which gave minority religious/ethnic/geographical communities a limited amount of power to regulate their own affairs - under the overall supremacy of the Ottoman administration
Legacy of secularism today in Turkey

7. SOCIAL DEVSHIRME-Christian boys captured and made into mulsims
JANISSARIES-elite soldiers of the Ottomans
WOMEN WHO RULE THE COURT and have power;
Suleman’s main wife-Roxalana
Harem-domestic space reserved for Muslim women

9. Intellectual and Arts Architecture- Weaving- Unique to the calligraphy
of the Ottoman Empire was a figure called the tughra, which was a calligraphic seal that served as the signature of the Ottoman sultan. In this example, a tughra of Süleyman the Magnificent, you can see the fabulous merger of writing and decoration.

10. Tokapi Palace

11. The highs and lows
The Ottoman Empire reached its height under Suleiman the Magnificent (reigned ), when it expanded to cover the Balkans and Hungary, and reached the gates of Vienna.
The Empire began to decline after being defeated at the Battle of Lepanto (1571) and losing almost its entire navy. It declined further during the next centuries, and was effectively finished off by the First World War and the Balkan Wars.