1. Chapter 4 “Chemical Names and Formulas”
H2O
Chapter 4 “Chemical Names and Formulas”
Modified and adapted from
Pre-AP Chemistry
Charles Page High School
Stephen L. Cotton

2. The student will: SWBAT’2
classify the type of bond that forms between two given elements.
write the chemical symbol/name given the name/chemical symbol of an element.
classify a given compound as ionic or molecular.  
given a sheet of common ions, represent an ionic compound in multiple ways--using words and chemical formula.  
represent a molecular compound in multiple ways-- using words, chemical formula and diagrams.  
represent the seven common diatomic molecules in multiple ways-- using words, chemical formula and diagrams.

3. SWBAT Scale
4: Same as a 3.0 but I can make inferences & application to the SWBAT’s
3: I COMPLETELY understand all parts of the SWBAT
2: I understand MOST of the SWBAT’s with teacher help
1: I understand a little of the SWBAT’s but need teacher help
0: I do NOT understand any part of the SWBAT’s and need help!

4. Section 4.4 Naming and Writing Formulas for Acids and Bases
OBJECTIVES:
Apply three rules for naming acids.

5. Section 4.4 Naming and Writing Formulas for Acids and Bases
OBJECTIVES:
Apply the rules in reverse to write formulas of acids.

6. Section 4.4 Naming and Writing Formulas for Acids and Bases
OBJECTIVES:
Apply the rules for naming bases.

7. Acids are…
Compounds that give off hydrogen ions (H1+) when dissolved in water (the Arrhenius definition)
Will start the formula with H.
There will always be some Hydrogen next to an anion.
The anion determines the name.

8. Acids Acids are ionic compounds (cation + anion) H+ is the cation
All acids start with H
When acids dissolve into ion pairs, they produce H+
HCl  H+ + Cl-
HNO3  H+ + NO3-

9. Acids Binary Acid (w/out oxygen) OxyAcids (w/ oxy.)
composed of H & a monatomic anion
written as “hydro-(name of anion)-ic acid”
OxyAcids (w/ oxy.)
composed of H & an oygen containing anion
written as “(name polyatomic anion) -ic acid”

10. Video
Watch Tyler Dewitt demonstrate how to write names for Common Acids
Naming Acids Introduction

11. Rules for Naming acids: Name it as a normal compound first
If the anion attached to hydrogen ends in -ide, put the prefix hydro- and change -ide to -ic acid
HCl - hydrogen ion and chloride ion = hydrochloric acid
H2S hydrogen ion and sulfide ion = hydrosulfuric acid

12. Naming Acids
If the anion has oxygen in it, then it ends in -ate or -ite
change the suffix -ate to -ic acid (use no prefix)
Example: HNO3 Hydrogen and nitrate ions = Nitric acid
change the suffix -ite to -ous acid (use no prefix)
Example: HNO2 Hydrogen and nitrite ions = Nitrous acid

13. Naming Acids ____-ide ____-ate ____-ite hydro-___-ic acid
Normal ending
____-ide
____-ate
____-ite
Acid name is…
hydro-___-ic acid
_____-ic acid
_____-ous acid

14. 2 additional rules (not mentioned in the book)
If the acid has 1 more oxygen than the –ic acid, add the prefix per-
HClO3 (Hydrogen Chlorate) is chloric acid
HClO4 would be perchloric acid
If there is 1 less oxygen than the ous acid, add the prefix hypo-
HClO2 (Hydrogen Chlorite) is chlorous acid, then HClO would be hypochlorous acid

15. Remember; When Naming Acids ….
When the anion ends in —ide, the acid name begins with the prefix hydro- & the —ide changes to —ic followed by the word acid.
HCl = hydrochloric acid.
When the anion ends in —ite, the —ite changes to —ous, followed by the word acid. 
HClO2 = Chlorous acid.
When the anion ends in —ate, the —ate changes to —ic, followed by the word acid. 
HClO3 = Chloric acid

16. Practice Naming Acids
Formula
Anion Name
Name
H2S
H2SO4
H2SO3

17. Practice Naming Acids Formula Anion Name Name H2S Sulfide H2SO4
Sulfate
H2SO3
Sulfite

18. Practice Naming Acids Formula Anion Name Name H2S Sulfide
Hydrosulfuric Acid
H2SO4
Sulfate
Sulfuric Acid
H2SO3
Sulfite
Sulfurous Acid

19. Practice by naming these:HF
H3P
H2SO4
H2SO3
HCN
H2CO3

20. Answers Hydrofluoric Acid Hydrophosphoric Acid Sulfuric Acid
Sulfurous Acid
Hydrocyanic Acid
Carbonic Acid

21. No
PxQy
P=H?
Yes
Acid Compound
Does anion contain oxygen?
Yes No
Oxy-Acid
“-ate -> -ic”
“-ite -> -ous”
Binary Acid
-use “Hydro-” & “-ic”

22. Writing Acid Formulas – in reverse!
Hydrogen will be listed first
The name will tell you the anion
Be sure the charges cancel out.
Starts with prefix hydro?- there is no oxygen, -ide ending for anion
no prefix hydro?
-ate anion comes from –ic ending
-ite anion comes from –ous ending

23. Write the Formula Name Cation Anion Formula Hydroiodic Acid
Nitric Acid
Nitrous Acid

24. Write the Formula Name Cation Anion Formula Hydroiodic Acid H+ I-
Nitric Acid
NO3-
Nitrous Acid
NO2-

25. Write the Formula Name Cation Anion Formula Hydroiodic Acid H+ I- HI
Nitric Acid
NO3-
HNO3
Nitrous Acid
NO2-
HNO2

26. Write formulas for these:
hydroiodic acid
acetic acid
carbonic acid
phosphorous acid
hydrobromic acid

27. Answers
HCl
HCH3COO or CH3COOH
H2CO3
H3PO4
HBr

28. Names and Formulas for Bases
A base is an ionic compound that produces hydroxide ions (OH1-) when dissolved in water (the Arrhenius definition)
Bases are named the same way as other ionic compounds:
The name of the cation (which is a metal) is followed by the name of the anion (which will be hydroxide).

29. Names and Formulas for Bases
NaOH is sodium hydroxide
Ca(OH)2 is calcium hydroxide
To write the formula:
Write the symbol for the metal cation
followed by the formula for the hydroxide ion (OH1-)
then use the criss-cross method to balance the charges.

30. Practice by writing the formula for the following:
Magnesium hydroxide
Iron (III) hydroxide
Zinc hydroxide

31. Answers
Mg(OH)2
Fe(OH) 3
Zn(OH) 2

32. The student will: SWBAT’2
classify the type of bond that forms between two given elements.
write the chemical symbol/name given the name/chemical symbol of an element.
classify a given compound as ionic or molecular.  
given a sheet of common ions, represent an ionic compound in multiple ways--using words and chemical formula.  
represent a molecular compound in multiple ways-- using words, chemical formula and diagrams.  
represent the seven common diatomic molecules in multiple ways-- using words, chemical formula and diagrams.

33. SWBAT Scale
4: Same as a 3.0 but I can make inferences & application to the SWBAT’s
3: I COMPLETELY understand all parts of the SWBAT
2: I understand MOST of the SWBAT’s with teacher help
1: I understand a little of the SWBAT’s but need teacher help
0: I do NOT understand any part of the SWBAT’s and need help!