1. CIM Support for Asset Health Modeling Pat Brown, EPRI
CIMug AHFC
CIM Support for Asset Health Modeling Pat Brown, EPRI
Welcome.
Slide deck is on AHFC website under Public Documents>Minutes
We’re going to walk through the basics of CIM asset modeling and its support for asset health information.
I have about minutes of real content, so there is time for questions. Please feel free to interrupt me when a question occurs to to you.

2. Integration Framework for Analytics
Familiar picture of framework where:….
Really focusing initially on the Data Integration (source data) layer – want to define a model to allow analytics from anywhere (testing lab, utility, 3rd party) to access utility information easily and quickly

3. The Common Information Model (CIM)
Semantic model for organizing ‘public’ (shared) information
3 Sets of standards maintained by 3 IEC TC57 Working Groups
61970 – WG13 – network models and related information
61968 – WG14 – metering, assets, work (back office)
62325 – WG16 – markets
Expressed in Unified Modeling Language (UML)
The CIM is…

4. Unified Modeling Language
A Class
A quick overview of UML – which is a language to describe data models
The basic building block is a class, which has attributes
If you are familiar with Oracle, can think of a class as describing a table and the attributes as describing the columns
Our example class is a circle with the attributes…

5. Unified Modeling Language
Inheritance
Classes can be defined to inherit from each other – one class can be a specialization (or child) of another – has all the attributes of the parent, plus some
In this case, one could say that circle, rectangle and triangle all are shapes with a x,y reference point.
Then triangle would need….
And square might be a child of rectangle that would have the limitation placed on it that width and height had to be equal

6. Unified Modeling Language
Associations
Another fundamental modeling construct in UML is the association, which in this example is used to relate a shape to a rendering style.
The Style class defines how the shape is to appear, with ….
The plain line between Shape and Style defines the association
On the left end there is a 0..* and on the right end there is a 1. These are called multiplicity and they indicate how many of each thing on one end of the association can be related to how many of each thing on the other end. In this case….

7. CIM Packages for Asset Health
61970 – grid position (role) perspective
classes describe network model and real-time measurements, from which asset exposure to field conditions and criticality can be determined
asset perspective
classes for the asset itself, for manufacturer and model information, for inspection and test records and for lifecycle activities
So let’s get back to the CIM
In the next dozen slides I’m going to talk about it as it is now…
It’s a good foundation, but the work of the AHFC will suggest changes and extensions… we will be able to provide real-world input to improve the model
Am going to cover the main classes and relationships, though there are lots of “side” classes and details that I won’t mention.
So the CIM is in UML. And there are scads of classes with inheritance and associations.
To organize all that information, the CIM is divided into packages, first by the standard (61970, or 62325) and then by groupings of like data.
For asset health, we care about and
And under each of them, the classes in the following packages are of interest:
61970
Domain package contains definitions of datatypes that are used in describing the attributes of classes in all other packages of the CIM.
Core package contains basic building block classes
IdentifiedObject class, which is the parent of all other CIM classes that have identifiers
naming-related classes that support the ability for different applications to have different names
PowerSystemResource and ConductingEquipment
Wires package is home to the classes that describe the electrical characteristics for many different types of equipment
61968
Common package includes a set of classes, some of them parent classes with more specific children classes in other packages, which provide a basic set of building blocks for modeling data exchanged within a utility enterprise. Classes in the Common package include those that describe location, activity, organization, person, schedule, ownership.
Assets package has the foundational classes for the description of the physical characteristics of tangible electric utility resources
AssetInfo package contains classes that allow the definition of asset-specific or asset type-specific characteristics, like nameplate information.
I’d like to let you know that I have a copy of the current CIM UML open on my desktop, so we have something we’d like to go look at, we can…

8. CIM Classes for Asset Health
Asset & Asset Component
“Tangible resource of the utility, including power system equipment, various end devices, cabinets, buildings, etc. .”
Core classes for defining existence of asset are Asset and AssetContainer
The CIM definition says that an Asset is…
The Asset class contains information
unique to specific asset
true of assets of all types
Notice that there are 2 relationships between Asset and AssetContainer…
The left one says that AssetContainer is a child of Asset, so it inherits all its attributes.
The right one says that an AssetContainer can have (or contain) more than one Asset (or since AssetContainer is a child of Asset), an AssetContainer can contain more than one AssetContainer
The attributes of the most interest to our work are:
type – which is what tells you the kind of asset or asset component this is
serialNumber and utcNumber (identifiers)
lifecycle (a compound datatype which includes state and date)
acceptanceTest
initialCondition
initialLossOfLife
status
CLICK
Allows building of a basic asset component model with parts that are specific to the type of asset

9. CIM Classes for Asset Health
Asset Information
So Asset and AssetContainer allow the construction of something that represents the existence of an asset and its parts, but it’s the AssetInfo class, or more specifically, its child classes, that provide the information that is unique to the asset or the type of asset… stuff like nameplate information.
Notice that every Asset can have a relationship to one AssetInfo child class.. and those AssetInfo child classes (for switches, tap changers, transformer parts, lines and so on) contain attributes that describe that specific kind of asset.
CLICK
For example, since we’ve been talking about breakers, switch has…
So the AssetInfo classes allow us to augment our asset component identity information with type-specific information that relates to either the whole asset or a component

10. CIM Classes for Asset Health
Asset Information (Informative)
Let’s take a quick side trip here to talk about one of the features of the CIM that our Asset Health work will be encountering a lot…
In some cases, we’ll be recommending promoting some informative to normative and
In others we’ll almost certainly be recommending that some informative simply go away.

11. CIM Classes for Asset Health
Asset Information – Model & Manufacturer
Moving forward on how the CIM models assets, let’s look at how model and manufacturer are addressed.
So, the AssetInfo that an asset has a relationship with might be specific to just the asset or it might be true of all assets of a particular model. If it is a model-based set of information, a relationship to ProductAssetModel can be defined, which gives information about the model and has a relationship to Manufacturer.
CLICK This allows model characteristics to be defined for the asset and to be associated to a manufacturer.
Some of you are probably already realizing that the model also supports model and manufacturer information for asset components….
CLICK
Something like this.
A breaker made by one manufacturer and its bushings made by another would be an example of where you might want to leverage this capability.

12. CIM Classes for Asset Health
Asset Procedures & Procedure Data Sets
So we’ve defined an asset and its parts, we’ve identified where it is in its lifecycle, we’ve described its characteristics and we’ve specified model and manufacturer.
Now let’s look at the things that can happen to an asset…
In the CIM they are called procedures and the information that results from them is called a ProcedureDataSet…
…child classes are informative, they seem to provide a good organizational strategy
CLICK
Let’s us associate the results of all sorts of activities with assets or their components

13. CIM Classes for Asset Health
Basic Asset Model
So here’s the basic asset model from the CIM
Asset and asset component existence, identity and lifecycle state
Asset information
Asset model and manufacturer
Procedures and procedure results

14. CIM Classes for Asset Health
Basic Asset Model
Here is a simplified view of just the classes without their attributes

15. CIM Classes for Asset Health
Network Model
“A power system resource can be an item of equipment such as a switch, an equipment container containing many individual items of equipment such as a substation, or an organisational entity such as sub-control area.”
So now let’s move to the network model portion of the CIM…. Where you can define grid equipment and connectivity.
The parent class of interest here is PowerSystemResource, whose CIM definition is…
Notice that Equipment is a child of PSR and ConductingEquipment is a child of Equipment. And ConductingEquipment can be connected together via Terminals and ConnectivityNodes, so you can define an electrical grid.
And ConductingEquipment has a wide variety of child classes… only Switch is shown because we’re focusing on breakers.
It should be pointed out that the ConductingEquipment class represents the role a piece of equipment plays in the grid, not the asset itself. So the types of attributes that Switch has are behavior-related information valuable for network analysis software use.
On the lower left
Measurement (Analog) – grid location
MeasurementValue (AnalogValue) – actual value
Also are status and accumulator
CLICK
Using these classes a model of the electrical network can be built. So

16. CIM Classes for Asset Health
Network Model & Asset
Here’s how the CIM supports the connection between an actual physical asset and its position in the grid.
Via an association between Asset and PowerSystemResource. This is the primary relationship and it’s the one that would change if an asset were taken out of service, refurbished and installed again somewhere else in the grid.
There is also a relationship between Asset and Measurement
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Here’s what the sample instance model might look like…
Measurements affiliated with either asset or one of its components

17. CIM Classes for Asset Health
Class Diagram Overview
Here’s the overview of the major CIM classes involved in asset health modeling, then
Asset & its components (identity & lifecycle)
Asset information, model & manufacturer
Procedures & procedure results
Equipment & connectivity
Measurements

18. CIM Classes for Asset Health
Sample Instance Drawing
And here’s what a sample instance drawing might look like

19. What’s next? We need a framework for interoperability
Asset component ‘templates’ for common assets
Asset & AssetContainer usage
AssetInfo child classes
Starting with breakers
Framework of interoperability
Classes alone are not enough.. We need to know the expected pattern of components for a given type of asset.
We also need real-world validation of the attributes associated with the AssetInfo classes and which of those are asset-specific and which are model-specific

20. Template – SF6 Dead Tank Breaker
Here’s an example of one of those templates. Most of you have see this beflore.
This is a template for an SF6 dead tank breaker, which is showing instances, not classes.
It was created as part of some asset health modeling work done last year at TVA. So it is a good start, but it needs more input.
Notice that a standard arrangement of components is defined using instances of the Asset and AssetComponent classes.
The model for the SF6 breaker has is composed of the following parts: an instance representing the whole breaker, one instance for each tank, and 2 bushing instances per tank.
Each tank also has its medium modeled (shown in grey because Medium is an informative class at this point, not a normative one).
Information specific to the breaker as a whole and to the bushings is provided in the SwitchInfo and BushingInfo instances.
BushingInfo is in green since it is a newly proposed class that doesn’t exist yet in the CIM.
The SF6 breaker template provides a “skeleton” off which all the related condition information for the breaker can be “hung”. It allows test, inspection and maintenance activity to be associated with the appropriate component.
CLICK
To illustrate the fact that the CIM as it currently stands provides an excellent start to asset health modeling, but is not yet mature, let’s look at the attributes of the SwitchInfo class …

21. Upcoming Work Identify common breakers
Develop ‘templates’ for each common breaker
Based on community understanding of what information is available and what components merit modeling
Use existing CIM as starting point and suggest enhancements as appropriate
Document using Enterprise Architect instance models
WG13/WG14 joint meeting next week
AHFC meetings will resume on Tuesday, July 1
So the work in front of the Asset Health Focus Community looks like this:

22. Common Breakers Transmission Distribution
SF6 dead tank
OCB dead tank
SF6 live tank
Air blast (live tank)
 Distribution
SF6
OCB
Vacuum
Air blast
Air magnetic
Also reclosers, circuit switchers
Here are common types of breakers that have been identified as potential targets for modeling.
Could also move to reclosers, circuit switchers and switches once we get through the breakers…

23. What can I do?
Provide input into common breaker types at your utility (send to Gowri at
Read Breaker Templates document
Covers CIM modeling
for asset health
Suggests templates
for 3 types of
Transmission breakers
Reach out to other utility folks that might be interested
Join the call July 1
What can you do? .
Breaker Templates
At CIMug website, will need UCAIug user ID and to have access permission (granted by Gowri)
Caveat: This slide deck is more current than the document